Imamat - kuyinto state Islamic

Imamah - kuyinto state Islamic ekwakhekeni, lapho amandla yesikhashana nangokomoya futhi axhunyiwe integrally, ngokungafani sompristi lapho zihlukaniswa. Futhi ngaphansi leli gama ubizwa imfundiso Muslim, okusho ukubusa omphakathi kuzo zonke izingxenye zomphakathi.

izici Jikelele

INhloko State sinokubaluleka okukhulu zenkolo. Yena ibonwa njengoba umholi ngokomoya futhi umholi ophakeme. Ngokusho imfundiso Muslim, umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukulungiselela zezakhamizi zibe lokuphila kwesikhathi esizayo. Imamate - isakhiwo zezombusazwe nezenkolo, ogxile ukuqashelwa isimo ekhethekile umbusi ophakeme. Yena usizwa umzimba ekhethekile omele ebizwe lombhede. Siqukethe abantu eduze umbusi, umsebenzi wayo ngokuyinhloko sokweluleka. Of enkulu ukubaluleka ungqimba izikhulu ehlukile okuyinto eduze ekhanda lakhe abazinikele ngokuphelele kuye. It is hhayi eyabelwe, futhi ibona umkhandlu ezingokwenkolo ngokukhethekile ngokuthi Al Majlis Ulema.

ukuphathwa

Imamate - isimo lapho, naphezu kwesimo yayo engokwasezulwini has a esincane ukunamathela elawula uhlelo. Lapho lo mbusi ophakeme akayena umzimba ekhethekile sokweluleka - the Majlis Al shura. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubaluleka ekhethekile usezuze isikhundla vizier (noma Naib), ngubani ithathe isikhundla esikhulu. kuthiwe isimiso sokwahlulela. Siqukethe amazinga ezimbili: izinkantolo sharia futhi izinkantolo lempi. Eyokuqala yalezi kusekelwe umthetho kazwelonke ejwayelekile, ukuze amajaji ezifana abe nesisindo ngokwanele okusezingeni eliphezulu emphakathini.

Izici

Imamat - ke isakhiwo esinjalo lapho inkolo ifeza indima ebaluleke kakhulu. Umbusi wezizwe, ukuze isimo akusona nje isahluko zezombangazwe nezenhlalo, it is ziqondakala izakhamuzi nomphakathi njengoba mholi wamaTibet nakwezenkolo. Ngakho-ke, zonke izimfanelo zakhe siqu zibalulekile ngokukhethekile: emehlweni amaSulumane, kumelwe abe qotho, ihloniphekile smart, kufanele kahle izimfundiso. Ngenkathi Umbusi wamaSulumane, isibonelo, kuyinto esemthethweni yeningi, futhi wenza nemisebenzi yezwe. Lapho uhulumeni Imamate ukuze unakekele kahle isimo esingokomoya amaSulumane e sompristi njengoba ngaphezu kwalokho wenza imisebenzi wokuziphilisa. Kukhona futhi umehluko emfundisweni Hidden Imam. Esimweni sokuqala ngokwenqubo izinkolelo zamaMuslim, ukuba abe umbusi ophakeme, lapho esimweni sesibili kucatshangwa ukuthi zizohlonishwa enkolweni, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo elondoloza isikhungo zikahulumeni Sheikh-ul-Islam.

isimo

Imamate Caucasian owawukhona ekhulwini le-19: kusukela 1834 kuya eminyakeni 1859. A imfuneko lasungulwa kwaba ukuhamba Imam kwezingxenye, ngubani ekhulwini langaphambilini, wafuna ukuzimela zensimu, walwa igazi feuds kanye nokwehlukaniswa amakhosi asendulo. Lokhu kwaholela ekubeni impi Russian-zaseCaucasia, futhi Nokho, nakuba imam wathunjwa, le Mountaineers iwine kusukela lalilokhu Chechen nendawo Dagestani. Kodwa ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, ngemva ukusikhohlisa, esifundeni useqokwe Jikelele Yermolov, okwaholela izibhelu okwengeziwe futhi amaqembu aphikisayo. Khona-ke, lo bezintaba kuyi-Union, futhi ngaleyo ndlela sidalwe isimo Imamate. Shamil engumbusi wakhe wesithathu. Yena nababusi odlule zazivela ingozi, futhi ngokwalo imfundo elisha lezombusazwe kuhlanganisiwe Chechen, Daghestani namazwe Circassian.

kudivayisi

Ukudala Imamate kwaba umphumela emzabalazweni bezintaba amasosha tsarist. core zalo zazikunye Ingozi futhi Chechnya. It lahlukaniswa laba amabandla amathathu kweshumi izifunda naibstv. ulimi lakhona olusemthethweni kwaba Arabhu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, in the state kwakukhona iqoqo imithetho - Nizam, owakhonza cishe yonke imikhakha yokuphila komphakathi. Le khodi yayisekelwe Sharia, umthetho wesintu, imithetho nokulungisa okuye ingashintshwa ukuze izidingo zokuphila ukwakheka elisha lezombusazwe. Lokhu iqoqo zomthetho lwemukelwa futhi evunyiwe phakathi nokubusa Imam Shamil. UMbusi Ophakeme, Imam wayeyinduna hhayi ezingokomoya kuphela nezenkolo, kodwa futhi induna amabutho nomahluleli abakhulu. Lapho kwaba iseluleko - usofa - kodwa ngqo phansi ilawulwa nge naibs, nababusi. lwebulungisa lalinabashumayeli izingqimba eziningana: isendlalelo engenhla uyayenza Mufti futhi Cadia kubo balalela.

Yokubusa ukujabulele ukuzimela ethile, kodwa uma Naib ibekezelelwe, isibonelo, ukunqotshwa ke, njengoba umthetho, ususiwe esikhundleni sakhe. Eholwa yakhe, yayiyiminyaka izinduna amayunithi ekhethekile yezempi. Kancane kancane amandla naibs kwaqina.

amabutho inhlangano

Shamil wasungula ibutho njalo, eyayihlanganisa abakhwele amahhashi (murtazeki) kanye elihamba (isikhundla futhi ifayela). Ekuqaleni, bezintaba sebenzisa ethumba izikhali, kodwa kamuva bakwazi ukwakha izimboni zabo siqu ngenxa nekhiqiza izikhali. Ingxenye esemqoka bempi ayeyizinkulungwane le Avars, indawo yesibili kwakuhlezi Chechens. UMbusi wadala real isimo ukuphathwa uhlelo esimweni: uhlelo intela ngempumelelo, unomphela zokuqapha umzimba yafakwa kuye. Shamil yafeza lukhulu bahlanganise amandla akhe: wadinga niwunqobe, umoya wenkosi abanye ababusi bendawo. Wahlanganisa ngaphansi kokubusa kwakhe emizaneni, okubonisa ngesikhathi esifanayo eziningi umsebenzi wokuphatha zikahulumeni. Maduze kwaba Umphikisi eziyingozi, kwaze kwadingeka kungenele amasosha Russian kwase kungamashumi eminyaka amaningana ukunqoba ukwenqaba kwakhe. Ngakho, ukuqonda lokho Imamate yomlando, kubaluleke kakhulu hhayi nje ngobe kutawutfutfukisa impucuko Muslim, kodwa futhi ngokuphathelene nesimo sethu, futhi.