Ikhukhamba Masha F1: ukubuyekezwa, incazelo, ukulima

Ngokushesha ikhukhamba ishiya, ingcono. Uma umkhiqizi efuna ukwenza inzuzo, udinga ukuthi imikhiqizo ibe yisikhathi sokuqala, yokubukeka kwezebhizinisi nokugcinwa kahle ngesikhathi sokuhamba. Ngakho-ke, uhlola ngokucophelela izici zezinhlobo ezikhona, ujwayele amanoveli. Kodwa kukhona phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo ezihlukahlukeneyo ezingaphumi emfashini ngaphezu konyaka owodwa. Lena ikhukhamba i-Masha F1.

Incazelo

Iziqu zalezi zihlukahlukene zinamandla, zinamandla. Esinye isayithi singakwazi ukufaka izithelo ezinhlanu noma ngaphezulu. Ukuhlanganisa ndawonye ukhukhamba Masha F1. Ukubuyekezwa, izithombe zibonisa ukuthi umbala wezithelo zawo ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukuma kwe-cylindrical, isilinganiso sobude nobukhulu ku-ezintathu kuya kwesinye. Ubude bendawo ngayinye buba ngamasentimitha angu-8. Ikhasi lekhukhamba linama-tubercles avela. Inyama ayibuhlungu, ilukhuni.

Injongo

Izinhlobonhlobo zenzelwe ukukhula kuma-greenhouses amafilimu. Ikhula kahle ngilazi. Ungathola isitshalo esihle kakhulu embhedeni ovulekile, lapho izitshalo zikhona ngendlela engezansi noma eqondile.

Imfanelo yezinhlobonhlobo

Garnish F1 Mouse (hybrid) inezinzuzo ezilandelayo:

• Ukuzivocavoca (parthenocarpic);
• Okokuqala (ukukhiqizwa kokuqala kubonakala izinsuku ezingu-37 emva kokuhlwanyela);
• Kufanelekile ukukhula endaweni yokushisa nokuvuleka;
• Ukulwa nezifo ezinkulu;
• Kuyafaneleka ukukhethwa nokulondolozwa;
• Unomkhiqizo ophezulu.

Izimo zokuthola imikhiqizo yekhwalithi

Ikhukhamba iMasia F1 ikhula futhi ikhule emhlabathini ovaliwe. Kodwa entwasahlobo, lapho usuku luba khona isikhathi eside, izinga lokushisa likhuphukela kuma-degree angama-25 nangaphezulu, iziqu zalo ziba zikhulu kakhulu, amaqabunga akhula, amakhukhamba akhula ngokushesha, abe ngaphezulu okumnandi, ukubonakala kwawo kuthuthuka. Ukuze izithelo zibe nombala omnyama ojwayelekile, udinga ukwenza i-potassium ne-magnesium.

Ukulima

Ukunqunywa ngezinhlobonhlobo, udinga ukuthola indawo enhle nenhlabathi efanelekayo, okuzokhula i-cucumber Masha F1. Ukukhula kufana nezinye izinhlobo.

Indawo yamakhukhamba kufanele ithole ukukhanya okuningi futhi ivaliwe emoyeni. Inhlabathi ingcono ukuthatha ukukhanya, okungenayo i-acidic, i-loam enesihlabathi noma i-loamy elula. Ikhukhamba ayithandi ukuma okuseduze kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Izidakamizwa zamakhukhamba ziphazamisa, iklabishi, anyanisi, amazambane, utamatisi, izithelo. Akufanele usebenzise imibhede lapho ngaphambi kokuba kukhule amabhungane, amathanga, amakhabe, i-zucchini. Inhlabathi kumele ifakwe kahle. Amaminerali amaminerali aziswa amasonto amathathu ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela. Ama-engokwemvelo (abuyele umquba) alethwa ekwindla noma entwasahlobo. Ikhukhamba i-Masha F1 iphendula kahle kuyo.

Ukutshala nokunakekelwa

Hlakulela ukhukhamba kusuka izithombo noma izithombo, ukuhlwanyela endaweni ehlala njalo. Imbewu ingahlwanyelwa eyomile noma engakaziwe ngaphambili.

Izithombo zitshalwe ezincane ezincane zokusanhlamvu. Phela, ukhukhamba awuphi kahle ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kabusha. Ukugcwalisa iziqukathi ukulungisa ingxube yomhlaba (izingxenye ezimbili), ama-humus (izingxenye ezingu-7) nomquba (ingxenye engu-1). Engeza umquba wamaminerali. Izithombo zitshalwe ekushiseni kwama-degrees angu-20 kuya kwangu-25, besebenzisa ama-hotbeds noma noma iyiphi ikamelo elifudumele lapho i-cucumber Masha F1 iqala khona ukuphila. Ukutshala kwenziwa ngesonto eledlule likaMeyi.

Ukutshala ngamagqabi amathathu noma amane ngalesi sikhathi kuyoba izinsuku ezingu-25. Izinsuku eziyisikhombisa ngaphambi kokutshala kuqala ukuqina. Ngaphambi kokutshala, izitshalo zondliwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, kungase kube khona amaqhwa aphuzile. Kulokhu, izithombo zihlanganiswa nefilimu. Ukhukhamba yizitshalo ezishisayo, azibekezeli i-hypothermia futhi zinyamalala.

Ungayithola kanjani ikhukhamba Masha F1 ngaphandle kokugcina izithombo? Ukulima kulesi simo kudinga izindleko ezincane, kodwa kunengozi enkulu yokuthi imbewu ngeke ivuke. Ungabahlwanyela phakathi no-May noma kancane kancane. Ukuhluma okuhle kunazo zonke imbewu emva kweminyaka emibili kuya kwezine yokugcina. Ukujula kokuhlwanyela yi-2-3 cm. Ungakwazi ukumboza izitshalo ngefilimu noma lutrasil.

Ukuqala kwezimbali kuxhomeke ekushiseni kwemoya. Ukushisa okungcono kunama-+27 degrees. Ngama-degrees angu-20, lokhu kuzokwenzeka ezinsukwini eziyishumi kamuva. Futhi ngo-32 gr. Lesi sitshalo saphela ukuqhuma nokuthuthuka.

Ubuningi bokutshala

Uma izitshalo sezikhuphuke ndawonye, zidinga ukuba zinciphise. Inombolo yezitshalo ngamamitha kuncike endleleni i-cucumber Masha F1 ikhule ngayo. Ukubuyekeza kwamakhasimende kusikisela ukuthi bangakhula ngokuqondile noma ngokuqondile. Esikhathini sokuqala, iziqu ezingu-4 noma ezi-5 (ama-50 amahektare ngalinye) zanele ngokwezilinganiso zomgwaqo ngamunye. Uma usebenzisa i-trellis (indlela eqondile) ushiye ama-calkumber ama-stalks ama-3 (ama-25 amahektha ngalinye). Ukwenza lokhu, batshalwe ngokuvumelana ne-80 × 60 ku-greenhouse noma 20 × 100 engadini.

Ukunakekela izitshalo

• Amanzi emva kwezinsuku ezintathu ngamanzi afudumele.
• Ukudla.
• Ukhula ngezikhathi ezithile (njengokungadingeka), kodwa ngokucophelela. Uhlelo lwempompo lwamakhukhamba luseduze nombuso.
• Bayaziqhenya izikhathi eziningana ngenkathi.
• Gcoba phezu kweqabunga lesihlanu ukuze ube namahlumela ngaphezulu.
• Emagumbini okugcina izithombo ukhiphe uhlangothi oluqubuke ngaphezu kwekhukhamba yokuqala.
• Ziphathwa ngama-insecticide kanye nezindlela zokulwa nezifo.
• I-mulch, ukuze inhlabathi ingabe iyomile futhi ingaphazi.
• Njalo uqoqe izithelo, ukuze inombolo yabo ingadluli 10-16 izicucu ehlathini.
• Ungaphambanisa, kepha lokhu kuzothuthukisa ingozi yezifo ze-fungal. Amahotela atholakala njalo emoyeni.

Ake sigxile ekugqokeni okuphezulu, okudingeka ukusekela i-cucumber Masha F1. Ubufakazi bufakazela ukuthi owokuqala kungcono ukubamba lapho kwenziwa amapheshana amabili wangempela. Esesibili senziwa emavikini amabili. Inani lezithako liphindwe kabili. Ungakwazi ukondla kanye neminyaka eyishumi ngesisombululo esitholakala ku-1 litre lomquba, uhlanjululwe ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi (ungathatha amagremu angu-10 we-urea esikhundleni somquba). Uma amakhukhamba ekhula kabi, kufanele uhlanganise umlotha esixazululweni.

Uma ukudla okwanele, amaqabunga ekhukhamba aphuzi, i-ovary iyanyamalala. Indlela yokuthola ukuthi iyiphi ikhukhamba i-Masha F1 engayitholanga? Incazelo yokuma kwesithelo izokusiza ukuqonda lokhu. Uma unomumo omelele, kufanele udinge i-potassium, ithiphu elincane lokukhanyisa libonisa ukuntuleka kwe-nitrogen, ukuba khona kwesihlalo kuvela ekutheni amanzi aphelile. Izithelo ezivuthiwe zingatholakala nge-pollination yezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene.

Ukondla kuphakamisa isivuno, kepha ngaso kufanele udinga isilinganiso. Inani eliningi kakhulu lomanyolo lingabangela umphumela ohlukile. Ikhwalithi yamakhukhamba iyodala kakhulu ngenxa yemali ekhulayo ye-nitrate, kanti ikhukhamba ingaba yingozi empilweni yabathengi.

Ukuvuna

Ukhukhamba kudingeka uqoqwe nsuku zonke. Uma kwenziwa isikhathi esingaphansi, ezinye zazo zizophuma, zilahlekelwe ikhwalithi yazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bazophuza ukuvuthwa kwamanye ama-ovari. Ukuvunwa njalo kwezithelo kwandisa ikhwalithi kanye nenani lesitshalo. Yilethe ngokucophelela. Izitshalo zamakhukhamba zinamahloni kakhulu futhi zithenda, ngokuvamile zihlangene. Uma udonsa ikhukhamba ngokuqinile, ngenkathi ungabambeli isitshalo, ingahle iphule. Izihlahla ezinyathelisiwe ziphela ngokushesha.

Ukukhiqiza

Zimbalwa izinhlobo ezikhiqiza izithelo eziningi njenge-Masha F1 ikhukhamba. Isivuno salo ngu-2 kg kusuka ehlathini ngalinye. Sekuyiminyaka eyizinkulungwane eziyisithupha, kunezinkamba, eziwusizo futhi ezilimazayo empilweni (zikhona ezinjalo) izakhiwo zifundwa kahle.

Izinzuzo kanye nokulimala kwamakhukhamba

Ama-95% wamanzi ekubunjweni, ukungabi namafutha, ama-carbohydrate namaprotheni - konke lokhu kusiza ukunciphisa isisindo. I-caloric okuqukethwe kwekhukhamba i-15 kcal nge-100 g. Iqukethe amavithamini A, C, PP, iqembu B, i-potassium (iningi), i-phosphorus, i-iron, i-magnesium, i- iodine nezinye izinto eziwusizo.

Ikhukhamba isisiza ukwelapha izifo zenhliziyo, ukuguqula izifo ze- polyarthritis, isifo se-gout, sezinso nesibindi, isisu, sithuthukisa imithi yamathumbu, kusiza ukuqeda i-edema, sinomphumela wokuba nomphumela wokudla. Amanoni enama-alkaline, akhona ekubunjweni kwemifino, akhuthaze ukuvuselelwa. Kulokhu kuthiwa uhlelekile ngomzimba. Ikhukhamba isetshenziswa ngaphandle kwamaski. I-potassium ne-silicon yenza ngcono isikhumba nezinwele. Ama-iodine compounds azosiza abantu abane-iodine ukuntuleka. Futhi, ngokufanele, bayingozi kulabo abane-iodine ngokweqile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukhukhamba eziyingozi zingaba kulabo abahlukunyezwa yi-gastritis, izilonda zesisu kanye nezilonda ze-duodenal.

Ukhukhamba okhulile emibhedeni evulekile, unokuningi kunabo bonke izakhi ezifakwe ohlwini. Kodwa izakhi zokwelapha ezisawoti nezitshalo azikho. Zithokozile nje.

Ukubuyekeza kwamakhasimende

Abalimi abaningi beloli bakhula ikhukhamba iMaf F1. Ukubuyekezwa kubonisa izimfanelo zayo: akusibaba, akufaki i-voids ngaphakathi kwezithelo. Uma kukhona ukhukhamba obabayo, khona-ke lokhu nakanjani kunenye uhlobo. Imininingwane ichaza inqubo yokukhula. Bahlanganyela okuhlangenwe nakho kwabo, kanjani futhi lapho imbewu ihlwanyelwa khona, i-cucumber Masha F1 itshalwe ngaphansi kwefilimu. Ukwakhiwa kwesihlahla kwenziwa ngokugcoba isiqu esiyinhloko. Lokhu kusiza ukwandisa isivuno saleso sitshalo. Phela, esikhundleni salowo owodwa, nakuba kukhona isibhamu eside, kwasungulwa ama-lateral ayisihlanu.

Abalimi abaningi abanjengoba lezo ezihlukahlukene cishe azigcini izifo. Kodwa namanje bakhetha ukungabi yingozi futhi baphathe imithi ye-antiviral "I-Aliet" ibanga lokukhipha i-Masha F1. Ubufakazi bamathengi bubonisa ukukhishwa kwesikhashana kwi-perianospirosis ne-powdery isikhutha emswakama ophezulu. Ekuboniseni kokuqala kwalesi sifo ("amafula"), amaqabunga abathintekile anqunywe. Ungabaphatha ngomlotha.

I-salted, ekheniwe - kuzo zonke izinhlobo zekhukhamba enhle i-Masha F1. Ukubukeza kusho ukuthi amakhukhamba, afana nemifino nezithelo eziningi, ezomisiwe ebusika kubomile. Lokhu kusiza ukulondoloza izinto eziwusizo ezitholakalayo emkhiqizo.

Kukhona abafakazi bamakhasimende mayelana nabathengisi abangenangqondo. Baqaphela ukuthi ezinye zezitshalo zenkampani ethi "Seminis" zakhula izithelo ezibabayo. Kodwa okokuqala babe nezimbali zohlobo lwesilisa, okungafanele lube ngama-hybrids. Iyini inkinga? Mhlawumbe lokhu akuzona ngempela abathengisi benkampani. Uma uqinisekile ukuthi uthenge imbewu eqinisekisiwe, ungaxhumana nabavikeli bamalungelo wabathengi. Kodwa okokuqala udinga ukuthola isheke nokupakisha kusuka kumbewu. Kunombono wokuthi inkampani ethi "Seminis" enezidingo ezikhulayo isanele ngokwanele ukuqapha izinga. Abathengi bayiqaphele ukuthi emkhatsini wembewu kunenani elibalulekile lokungabikho, ukugxila kubo kuqhuma, kukhona ngisho nokhula. Futhi kwenzekani kumbewu lapho ukubuyiswa kabusha ngokusakaza ngabasakaza, akekho owaziyo. Ukuvimbela lokhu kungenzeki, kungcono ukuthenga imbewu emaphaketheni okuqala, kudinga ukuthengwa kubamele abameli.

Ukubuyekezwa okuningi mayelana nezinhlobo zezinye izinkampani, ikhwalithi yabo, ukuhluma. Bayaqaphela ukuthi imbewu yamafemu aseDashiya "amaNunems", "Enza", "Syngenta" ayilungiselele kahle, kodwa phakathi kwawo kukhona namanje okhathekayo.

Phakathi kwala mafemu alungisa ngokufanele imbewu yokutshala, ebizwa ngokuthi iCCF LLC Partenokarpik-D (Vnukovo). I-firm ibonisa ama-hybrids, awaziwayo emhlabeni wonke. Kodwa banenkampani engaphenduliwe, imiqulu emincane yemikhiqizo. Abanye abathengi abanjengemikhiqizo yokukhetha nensizakalo yendawo "Gavrish".