Ukusajingijolo "Ubuhle baseRussia": incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo, ukunakekelwa, isithombe

Cishe kunoma isiphi isakhiwo sezwe ungabona okusajingijolo amahlathi ka raspberries. Kodwa akuzona zonke izivande ezizithokozelayo izitshalo ezingavamile zalesi sitshalo, izithelo zazo ezifaniswa ne-cherry utamatisi. Sikhuluma ngezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu ze-raspberries, okuphakathi kwazo okusajingijolo "Krasa Rossii" okufanelwe ukuthandwa okukhethekile nokuhlonipha phakathi kwabalimi, isithombe ngezansi kwesokunxele. Ukutshala kwalokhu okuhlukahlukene kungokwalabo baseMoscow base- Institute of Horticulture ngokuhlanganisa izakhiwo nezimfanelo zezinhlobo zokusajingijolo - "Maroseyka" ne "Mirage".

Malina "Ubuhle baseRussia", incazelo yezihlukahlukene

Ifanelwe igama layo "okusajingijolo okusajingijolojolo". Phela, izithelo zama-raspberries zinomusa omuhle nobuhle. Kungenxa yalezi zimfanelo abathandi be-raspberry "Ubuhle baseRussia" bayakwazisa kakhulu. Incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo ihlanganisa izici ezinjengokuthi: ukuvuthwa kwezithelo, izinga lokuvunwa, ukuma kwehlathi, ubukhulu behlumela kanye nama-rhizomes, ubukhulu, ukuma, umbala nokunambitheka kwezithelo. Ezinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo yisitshalo esibhidliza amahlamvu ebusika. I-half-shrub ehlala isikhathi eside, ene-rhizome esethuthukile, i-raspberry "Krasa Rossii". Incazelo yalezi zinhlobonhlobo zihlanganisa ukungabi khona kwemiphongolo emahlumela, okwenza kwenzeke, ngaphandle kokulimala, ukuxuba izithelo.

Imigomo yokuvuthwa izithelo

Mayelana nesikhathi kanye nezici ze-fruiting okusajingijolo "Ukubukwa kobuhle be-Russia" kukhona yonke into efanayo. Ukuvuthwa kwezithelo kuqala phakathi kwehlobo bese kuqhubeka kuze kube okweshumi ka-Agasti. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ungafeza amajikijolo amahlanu. Ngakho-ke, i-fruiting yezinhlobonhlobo ibangelwa ukuvuthwa okulinganiselwe.

Ukuthela okuhlukahlukene

Ngemuva kokutshala ama-raspberry amahlahla e-fruiting kwenzeka kuphela ngonyaka wesibili. Ngokunakekelwa kahle nokukhulelwa kahle, isivuno esivela esihlahleni esisodwa sifinyelela kilogram emihlanu, esibonisa ukukhiqizwa okuphezulu kwama raspberries alezi zihlukahlukene. Izithombo zezihlahla ezincane zizokwenza izithelo ezincane kancane.

Usayizi wamahlumela nama-rhizomes

Iziqu zama-raspberries zikhula cishe eminyakeni emibili, ngakho-ke zidinga ukubuyekezwa. Uma wenza ama-shrub, azuzwa ukuhlanganiswa kwawo futhi angabi namandla ngokweqile, ashiya amahlumela ayisikhombisa, amanye asusiwe. Ubude bamahlumela bufinyelela kumamitha amabili. Ngokuphelele okungenayo i-spikes okusajingijolo "Ubuhle beRussia." Humushela incazelo emuva ku-isiNgisi Humusha Incazelo shoots of the first year - soft as stalks of color green, with internodes short, covered with gray fuzz and a slight wax coating. Ngonyaka olandelayo, amagatsha we-half-shrub abe muthi-njengawo, futhi umbala wabo ushintsha kusuka eluhlaza kuze kube mnyama. Emaceleni amaqabunga amahlumela wonyaka kunezimbali ezimbili ezithinta imifino yamasayizi ahlukene, okuvela kuwo amagatsha anamaqabunga. Izitshalo eziqhamukayo zinyene kunamahlumela we-vegetative futhi zinezinhlamvu ezine-tiers. Amajikijolo angamashumi amabili avuthwe emahlumela anjalo. Inombolo encane yamagatsha okuhluma aqala kusuka ehlathini eliphansi. Ngemuva kokuba amahlumela ashiye ukuthela izithelo, ziyomiswa, futhi ngonyaka ozayo amahlumela amancane azokhula avela ku-rhizome engenele. Uma ihlumela likhula entwasahlobo, lingakhula kuze kufike ukuwa, amahlumela afanayo asetshenziselwa ukuvuselela isihlahla.

I-rhizome yefomu ephuziwe, i-lignified, enezimpande eziningi ezakha uhlelo lwempande le-branching. Iningi lezimpande zitholakala ekujuleni kwe-30 cm. Phakathi nenkathi eyomile, izimpande ezilodwa zifinyelela ezingeni elifinyelela kumitha ngokujula, ngaleyo ndlela ziphethe ukukhipha kanye nezakhi. Ngobubanzi bakhula ngamamitha amabili. Izimpande zama-raspberries zinikeza amaqabunga angaphansi, okuvela kulowo mhlophe omsindo obala obala emhlabeni ngaphandle kokukhanya, kanti iziqu ezineminyaka eyodwa ubudala zikhula zivela kubo. Izimpukane zezinso zihlonywe ngoJulayi. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo, kukhona ezimbalwa izimpande izimpande of okusajingijolo "Krasa Rossii". Incazelo ehlukahlukene ichaza ukungabikho kokuqina kwezihlahla ezinjalo.

Okusajingijolo "Ubuhle baseRussia", incazelo yezithelo

Ukusajingijolo kungokomndeni waseRosaceae, isithelo yisithelo esiyinkimbinkimbi, esakhiwa nge-kostyanok encane, esivumelana kakhulu phakathi kwe-peduncle. Esimweni, izithelo zifana nesigxobo esincane, sikhwele noma sibomvu esigcwele, sibanike elangeni. Izinhlobo zokusajingijolo ezihlukahlukene "Ubuhle baseRussia" (isithombe ngakwesobunxele) budumile ngamajikijolo awo amakhulu, isisindo saso sifinyelela kuma-gramu ayishumi nambili, futhi ngokusho kwesayizi esiphezulu kufana nebhokisi lemidlalo. Yingakho lezi zihlukahlukene zibhekwa njengezinhlobo ezinkulu ze-raspberries. Amajikijolo amnandi nge-flavor okusajingijolo nephunga, inyama iyinyene futhi iyamanzi, kukhona imbewu encane. Izithelo zingasetshenziselwa kokubili fresh kanye nokulondeka.

Ukutshala ama-raspberries

Izinsalela zokusajingijolo "Ubuhle baseRussia" kufanele zitshalwe ekwindla noma entwasahlobo. Uma utshala izihlahla ezisekwindla, khona-ke zimbozwa umhlaba kusukela efrijini, futhi lapho kufika khona intwasahlobo leli zwe lisuswe. Indawo engaphansi kwe-raspberries ikhethwa ukuba ingabi yomoya, ngakho-ke ebusika iqhwa liphuze. Umhlaba udinga ukulungiswa kusengaphambili, ukususa wonke ukhula utshani, futhi unike unyaka ukuphumula inhlabathi. Njengesitja sokutshala, kufanele ukhethe izithombo zokusajingijolo "Krasa Rossii", ezinezimpande ezakhiwe kahle futhi zivuthiwe. Emithonjeni elungiselelwe, umanyolo we-organic and amaminerali kufanele wengezwe. Ibanga phakathi kwezimbobo mayelana nemitha. Ngaphambi kokutshala, izimpande zezitshalo ezitshaliwe zibhapathizwa kwisisombululo esikhethekile ngezikhukhula zokukhula, bese zitshala futhi zithuthukise inhlabathi. Ukuze ukhule kahle, amahlumela afushane, ashiya amamentimitha ayishumi nambili.

Noma kunjalo kukhona indlela yokutshala ama-raspberries ngasekupheleni kwehlobo, njengoba impahla yokutshala isebenzisa izimpande ezithathwe ngomhlabathi. Amahlumela okutshala kumele abe, ekusakazeni izimpande futhi hhayi ukufafaza okuningi phansi komhlaba.

Ukutshala ama-raspberries "Ubuhle beRussia" kwenziwa ngezindlela eziningana. Indlela yokuqala ihilela ukwakhiwa kwesihlahla esivuneni ngasinye. Ukwenza lokhu, ekupheleni konyaka wesibili, unqume amahlumela ashubile, ushiya kuze kube yizikhombisa eziyisiqine kunazo zonke.

Inketho yesibili ukutshala izitshalo ngezingxube noma izibambo, okufaka ekuvuneni okuphakeme. Ngaphakathi kwetheyipu, ububanzi obungafinyelela ku-50 cm, ngezikhathi ezithile ukusika iziqu ezengeziwe, emkhatsini wemichilo yenza izindlela, nokususa wonke amahlumela okusajingijolo.

Ukwenziwa kwesihlahla

I-raspberry "Ubuhle baseRussia" ayibekezeleli ukuqina. Ukudubula kuzosiza ukwakha isihlahla sama-6-7. Akulimazi ukwenza ukwesekwa kwamahlahla okusajingijolo, okumele kuhlanganiswe khona iziqu. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu okokuqala isitshalo sesifinyelele ku-80 cm ukuphakama, bese kuphakama u-1.8 m. Le garter ifaka isandla ekukhanyeni okungcono nokuphuza umoya, kwenza isidleke sibe nenembile kakhulu. Ukusekelwa kuvikela amagatsha emoyeni, futhi ngeke kuvumele amahlumela aphule ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwamajikijolo amakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma enama-ovari amaningi. Uma ungabopha amagatsha aphansi, zifaka isikhunta se-putrefactive. Izithelo ngeziqu ezinjalo zivame ukungcoliswa nokubola okusheshayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulula ukuvuna amajikijolo ezihlahleni eziboshwe kahle.

Ukunisela

Uthanda ngokunciphisa umhlabathi we-raspberries "Ubuhle beRussia." Ukunakekela lolu hlobo lohlobo kuyadingeka. Ngalo, kokubili ukungabi nomswakama nokudlulela ngokweqile kuyoba yingozi. Lesi sitshalo sithanda inhlabathi enomsoco, ekhungathekile. Izihlahla ezincane kumele ziphuze kaningi kunalokho sezifakiwe kakade, zichithe amalitha ayisithupha ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye. Ukuze unciphise ukuthuthwa kwamanzi umswakama futhi kuvimbele ukwakheka kwe-crusts ezungeze isitshalo, umhlabathi ugcwele umquba, usebenzisa utshani obuningi noma i-peat.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo zezinhlobonhlobo, ukubunjwa kwe-microelement yenhlabathi kufanele kuthuthukiswe ngosizo lwamakhomikhali e-organic and mineral (potassium ne-nitrogen fertilizer). Ama-engokwemvelo kufanele ayenziwe ngaphambilini kusayithi elikhethiwe ukuba libhasipibha. Uma izitshalo zitshalwe entwasahlobo, ama-humus aziswa ekwindla konyaka odlule, futhi uma ukutshala kuhleliwe ekwindla, umanyolo uhlakazeka entwasahlobo. Uma ungenayo isikhathi sokwenza isilwane kusengaphambili, khona-ke usakaze phezu kombhede wonke ngesamba se-10 kg ngomitha wesikwele, bese ubamba ukusabalalisa. Umquba omusha awusetshenzisiwe, ngoba uqukethe izinambuzane ezihlukahlukene zezitshalo.

Ngaphandle kwama-organic fertilizer, umquba we-potashi ne- nitrogen, ngendlela yerea, i-wood ash, i-ammonium nitrate, i-tincture ye-cow umquba, i-potassium sulfate. Inani lala mafutha liyi-5-6 kg ngamakhilomitha angamakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye, banyusa inani leshukela esitshalweni. Umquba we-nitrogen uyathandeka ukwenza ekuqaleni kwekwindla ukuthuthukisa ukuhlanganiswa kwamahlumela. Amakhomikhali e-phosphate angama-superphosphate.

Ama-fertilizer aqukethe uketshezi awasetshenziswanga, ngoba i-chloride ions inqanda ukukhula kwezitshalo. Lapho okusajingijolo sikhula endaweni eyodwa, kukhishwa izinto ezinobuthi, ngakho-ke kudingekile ukushintsha isayithi lokufika.

Ukulungiselela ubusika

Ukuphikiswa kwamaqabunga ezihlukahlukene kuyisisindo, kungamelana namaqhwa kuze kube ku--30 ° C. On the iziqephu lapho kukhona iqhwa elincane ebusika, okusajingijolo "Ubuhle of Russia" kungaba iqhwa. Ukunakekela ama-raspberry asezindaweni ekwindla ukuwalungiselela ubusika. Ngenxa yalokhu, amahlumela amancane asuke egobile okwamanje ngoSeptemba, futhi izihloko zawo zimbozwe umhlaba. Ingabe uthango olukhethekile lokubamba iqhwa, besebenzisa amagatsha noma amaphuphu. Entwasahlobo, kubalulekile ukumba amagatsha ama-raspberries bese unquma amahlumela aphukile futhi abuthakathaka.

Ukubuyekeza mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo "Ubuhle baseRussia"

Ngaphezu kwezikhathi ezinhle, ukubuyekezwa kwe-raspberry "Beauty of Russia" kuyahluka, kufaka phakathi okubucayi. Phakathi kokushiyeka kwabalimi kukhona ubumnandi obuncane kanye nephunga elingenalutho, kodwa lezi ziphutha ziyadingeka. Kubonakala ukuthi ukungabi namanyolo we-potassium kanye ne-magnesium ezweni lokutshala kuholela ekutheni kancane kancane ushukela ezitshalweni, ngokulandelana, izithelo ngeke zibe mnandi. Emhlabathini olula, umanyolo usheshe wageza ngamanzi. Kanti futhi ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo kuthinteka kakhulu ekukhanyeni, ezindaweni ezinomthunzi ezitshalweni ezincane ze-carbohydrate.

Ngakho-ke, kufanele ubeke ukutshalwa kwala majikijolo kubachwepheshe. Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokusajingijolo "Ubuhle beRussia" ukubuyekezwa kwama-novices ekulimeni akuzona zonke izikhathi ezifanele. Phela, abasazi zonke izintuthwane zokutshala nokunakekela izinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu. Okuqhubekayo - mayelana nezifo ezingenzeka ezihlukahlukene "Ubuhle baseRussia".

Ukuvimbela izifo zokusajingijolo

Izifo ezivame kakhulu zibizwa ngokuthi i-chlorosis kanye ne-mosaic yamaqabunga okusajingijolo. Isifo sokuqala sibonisa ukuphuza kwamaqabunga ehlobo, futhi ngesifo sesibili amaqabunga afana nombala wamabala amnyama nokukhanya. Lezi zifo azithinti amaqabunga kuphela, zinciphisa isivuno. Ukwelapha isitshalo esithintekile akunakwenzeka, kungabhubhisa kuphela ukuze ugweme ukusakazwa kwezifo.

Esikhathini sezulu sezulu, izifo ze-fungal ezifana nesikhumba sembala esibomvu kanye nesihlungi esibomvu singakhula. Ukuze kuvinjelwe lezi zifo, ama-raspberry amahlathi aphethwe yi-Bordeaux liquid noma ukulungiswa kwezinto eziphilayo okuthiwa "i-Phytosporin", okuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwama-microorganisms e-pathogenic.

Indlela yokubhekana nezinambuzane

Inkathazo eyingozi kunazo zonke yokusajingijolo yi-beetle okusajingijolo, noma kunalokho, izibungu zayo. Bondla izimbali, amaqabunga nezithelo ze-raspberries bese bezishiya ngokwabo i-leafless shrub, engenakuvuna. Ukulwa namabhungane kunenkinga, ngoba bafihla enhlabathini.

Omunye ummeleli wezinambuzane uletha umonakalo omkhulu - lena yi-weevil ye-raspberry-strawberry. Hamba ama-raspberries alethe amaqanda, okuyinto owesifazane ebeka efihlekile.

I-spider mite ibangela umonakalo omkhulu emahlathini okusajingijolo. Emagqabeni kukhona izindawo ezimhlophe. Lezi yizigaba zeqabunga, lapho i-mite idla khona ijusi. Ngokujwayelekile amaqabunga abathintekayo aphikisiwe abe yi-tube.

I-stem gall midgeges ingene ngaphakathi kwehlathini lokudubula futhi ishiya amaqanda lapho, ngaleyo ndlela yonakalise izihlahla zokusajingijolo, ezingabe zome. Izihlahla ezithintekile zivuliwe futhi zishiswe.

Ukubhujiswa kwama-parasites sebenzisa ama-pesticides akhethekile, aphikisayo amahlathi kanye nomhlabathi ozungezile, noma asebenzise izinambuzane ngesandla.