I-X-ray ibonisani? Ukuhumusha okunembile kwe-X-ra yamaphaphu

Enye yezinqubo ze-ray zokuxilongwa kwezitho zangaphakathi i-X ray ray radiography, noma i-X ray. Isithombe esiphelele sisetshenziselwa idesksi enzima, ifilimu ekhethekile noma iphepha.

Inhloso yokuqashwa kokuqokwa

I-fluoroscopy yamaphaphu iyindlela ejwayelekile kunazo zonke yokufundisa. Le ndlela yokuxilongwa ingathola ukuthi kunezifo zesimiso sokuphefumula:

• I-Sarcoidosis;
• Ukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu (isibhamu);
• Ama-neoplasms amabi;
• Isifo sofuba;
• I-trauma yesifuba;
• Ubukhona bezinto zangaphandle;
• I-Pneumothorax nezinye izinqubo ezihlukahlukene zempilo.

Ukuze uvimbele izifo zomshukela, ama-ray emaphaphu ayenziwa kanye ngonyaka (uma kunesidingo, ngokuvamile) izakhamuzi ezisebenza ezimboni ezinobungozi (imboni yamakhemikhali, ukwakhiwa (amasonni), umsebenzi wezimayini (abavukuzi), njll). Yini eboniswayo Imiphumela yocwaningo ezimweni ezinjalo?

Impendulo ye-fluoroscopy ikuvumela ukuba uvikele ngesikhathi noma uqaphele lesi sifo futhi ubeke imithi edingekayo noma olunye ukwelashwa.

Umphumela we-irradiation emzimbeni womuntu

Ukukhanyisa ukukhanya kwelanga kuhloswe njengokungabonakali kwemisebe, futhi abanye abantu benqaba ukwenza le nqubo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuyize, kusetshenziswa imishayo yamandla emithi ephansi, umthamo we-irradiation awunaki, futhi umzimba womuntu ubonakala kuwo okwesikhashana. Eminyakeni embalwa eyedlule, ososayensi baye babonisa ukuthi ngisho nama-x-rays aphindaphindiwe (anezinkomba zezokwelapha) abakwazi ukulimaza impilo. Kwezinye izimo, le nqubo inqunyelwe abesifazane abakhulelwe. Izifo ezinzima ezingatholakala ukuthi zinama-x-ray zinemiphumela engathi sína kakhulu kunezinga elincane lemisebe. Ngokunye okunye okuvamile kwe-X-ray evamile, idijithali iyatholakala manje, ngezinga elincane kakhulu lemisebe.

Izinkomba

Cabangela izimpawu lapho udokotela oya khona echaza i-X-ray yamaphaphu. Yini ezobonisa? Isihlungi, lokhu kuzokhipha amaqhinga wokuphatha okuqhubekayo kwesiguli.

1. Ubuhlungu be-periodic sternum.
2. Ukuphefumula.
3. Ukushisa komzimba ophezulu, okuhlala isikhathi eside.
4. Igazi ku-sputum.
5. Ukukhwehlela okwesikhashana.
6. Inani elikhulu le-sputum lihlukanisiwe.
7. Ukukhwehlela okumile.

Ukuze kuvikelwe uketshezi lwe-fluorography, noma i-X-rays, kuboniswa kuzo zonke izakhamuzi ngezivunguvungu okungenani kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili noma ngaphezulu, ngokuhambisana nezincomo zochwepheshe bezokwelapha.

Ukulungiselela nokuziphatha kwenqubo

Isiqondiso se-X-ray yamaphaphu sibhaliwe, umuntu angayilungiselela kanjani? Ukulungiselela kwangaphambi kokuqala akudingeki. Ngaphambi kwenqubo, udinga ukususa izihlobiso (amaketanga, imigexo, izintambo) ukuze zingaphambukisi umphumela. Masinyane ngaphambi kwenqubo, udokotela wezokwelapha uzokucela ukuthi ugqoke isiketi esikhethekile esikhwameni esiboshwe esikhwameni sakho ukuvikela izitho zakho zobulili ekuvezeni. Khona-ke udokotela ukhetha ukulinganisa okudingekayo (phambili, emuva noma ngezinye izikhathi isithombe senziwa endaweni ehlelekile ohlangothini). Kuye ngokuthi yimiphi imishini ye-lung X-ray eyenziwe kuyo, imiphumela iyoba yinkimbinkimbi (indlela ye-digital) noma isikhathi esithile ngemuva kokucubungula nokuthuthukisa ifilimu.

Imiphumela ye-radiography

Unemi-ray yemaphaphu? Yiziphi izinkomba zokumemezela, cabanga ngezansi:

1. Amaphutha we-diaphragm.
2. Ukutholakala ketshezi emgodini wesikhala. Hlanganisa ukuvuvukala noma pleuriy.
3. Umgodi emaphashini ubonisa i-necrosis yamathambo wamaphaphu. Ukuthola isifo sofuba, umdlavuza noma i-abscess.
4. Ukukhanya okugxile kuyizibonakaliso ezincane ze-pneumonia, isifo sofuba. Okukhulu - isisu se-bronchi, i-metastases eya emaphashini.
5. I-foci encane, eyenzeka kaningi, i-sarcoidosis noma isifo sofuba.
6. Isithunzi esikhulu sesimo esiyindilinga yisifo sofuba esifundeni sokuqhubekela phambili noma isifo esibucayi esibuhlungu.

Ngaphandle kwalokhu okushiwo ngenhla, kunezinye izinguquko emathisini wamapulmoni namapayipi okusiza ukwenza ukuxilongwa okulungile futhi anikeze ukwelashwa. Ngeshwa, kunamacala enkambiso yamanga, noma ezimweni zokucwaninga ngezigaba zokuqala zesifo, asikwazi ukubona. Ukuze uthole isiphetho esinembile, ngaphezu kwemiphumela etholakalayo, ngaphezu kwe-X-ray, ezinye izindlela zokuxilonga zisetshenziswa kanye nokuhlolwa okudingekayo kwe-laboratory.

I-X-ray dimming

I-X-ray ibonise amabala emaphashini? Izizathu zokubukeka kwazo zingaba: isikhundla esingalungile sesiguli ngesikhathi senqubo, imishini engcono kakhulu, ukutholakala kwempilo. Ukuhunyushwa okuqondile kwedatha ye-radiography kungenziwa kuphela udokotela.

Imfundo efana namabala amhlophe ikhombisa ukuthi kukhona isifo sofuba, i-bronchitis, i-pneumonia, i-pathology in the pleura, izifo zomsebenzi. Uma kwenzeka umuntu ephulukile e-bronchitis, i-pneumonia, i-X-ray ingabonakala. Bathiwa njengezibonakaliso zokuhlala zesifo, futhi zizophela emva kwesikhathi.

Uma izindawo ezikhanyayo zitholakala ezingxenyeni ezingenhla zamaphaphu, isifo sofuba sisithola, isibonakaliso esikhulu esiteshini sokuqala sendlela elula, esuka endaweni lapho kunenqubo yokuvuvukala ohlelweni lwempande. Njengoba ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi futhi okufanele, ukuvuvukala kwehla futhi izicubu ziyaqeda. Esithombeni, esikhundleni semhlophe, kuvela indawo emnyama.

Uma isithombe I-X-ray yemaphaphu ibonisa lokho Izindawo ezibonakalayo ezimnyama, lokhu kubonisa ukukhuphula nokukhona kokuvuvukala okungapheli kwamapayipi. Ngemuva kokuthola ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa nokuphulukisa okuphelele, amabala ayanyamalala. Ukubunjwa okubumnyama kungahle kubangele ne-pathologies emangalisa. Ukubona izindawo ezimnyama kumuntu ophilile kahle kubonisa ukubhema isikhathi eside, ezinganeni - ngomzimba wangaphandle.

Ingabe i-X-ray ibonisa ukuvuvukala kwemaphaphu?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-X- pneumonia kuyindlela yokuthola lesi sifo, nokuqapha inkambo yayo. Ukuze uqaphele isibhamu, udinga ukwazi ukuthi amabala abukeka kanjani ezithombeni kulezi zifo. Zingahluka ngobukhulu nendawo:

• Ama-Global formations formations kuwo wonke ubuso emaphashini;
• I-Subtotal - ngokuphelele yonke imikhakha (ngaphandle - i-lobes engenhla);
• Izigaba - izindawo ngaphakathi kwemingcele yesigaba;
• Amafomu amancane ama-patchy afika ku-3 mm ngamamitha ambalwa.

Ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa kwenqubo yokuvuvukala emaphashini omuntu, amabala angenawo ama-contours aphikisayo akhiwa futhi i-X-ray ibonisa ukuvuvukala kwemaphaphu. Ukubonakaliswa kwama-spotted spotations kuncike esigabeni sesifo. Amabala amaningi ahlonishwayo kumacala ashicilelwe.

Umfanekiso we-X we-bronchitis

Izimpawu zesifo zifana ne-pneumonia. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi kutholakala yini inkambo eqhubekayo yesifo, izinhlobo ezithile zokuhlolwa zibekiwe, kufaka phakathi i-rayography, okuzovumela ukuhlola isimo sesimiso sokuphefumula nokucacisa ukuxilongwa. Izibonakaliso esigulini, lapho i-fluorography iboniswa khona (ukukhanya kwe-X ray kubonisa ubuhlungu kulesi simo):

• Shintsha egazini, ngokusho kocwaningo lwama-laboratory;
• Ukuphefumula okuqhubekayo okuqhubekayo;
• Ukukhula isikhathi eside ekushiseni komzimba;
• Ukucabanga kokuvuvukala emaphashini;
• Izimpawu zokuvimbela.

Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yocwaningo, izithombe ze-X-ray zilalela amaphuzu alandelayo emaphashini:

• Ukuveza okungajwayelekile;
• Ubuningi bokuguquguquka kwempande;
• Izinguquko kumfanekiso;
• Ubukhona be-lamellar foci;
• Izindawo zokubuthelwa kwamanzi.

Imibono yezobuchwepheshe ekufundiseni izithombe ze-X-ray ekutholeni i-bronchitis ihlukaniswe. Kodwa-ke, lolu hlobo locwaningo luyasetshenziswa kakhulu emithi yokwelapha.

Imibiko yomsakazo ngesifo sofuba

Uma ngabe lesi sifo esibucayi sikholwa, lolu hlobo lwemaphaphu luzokhipha noma luqinisekise ukuthi i-pathology. Izinzuzo ze-fluoroscopy for isifo sofuba yisifo:

• Ukuqhuba ukuhlolisiswa kwezifo ezihlukahlukene;
• Ungafaki ezinye izifo zokuphefumula, isibonelo isibhamu, umdlavuza, i-abscess kanye nabanye;
• Ukunquma uhlobo lomonakalo emathangeni amaphaphu;
• Bheka ukusakazeka kwesilonda;
• Bona indawo ye-foci ye-pathological.

Ngakho-ke, Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-X-ray izobonisa isifo sofuba, kungenzeka ukuthi uphendule. Noma kunjalo, lokhu akufaki ukunyuswa okungeziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi kutholakala yini ukuxilongwa. Izithombe ze-X-ray ziveza izinhlobo ezahlukene zesifo sofuba:

• I-lymph nodes ye-intrathoracic;
• Kusakazwa;
• Focal;
• Ukungena;
• I-pneumonia enengqondo;
• I-Fibrous-cavernous;
• Ukujikeleza.

Ingabe i-X-ray ibonisa umdlavuza wamaphaphu?

Lesi sifo singenye yezifo ezibi kakhulu zomuntu eminyakeni eminyaka yamuva. I-x-ray ye-chest ibhekwa njengendlela yokuxilonga yokuthola le pathology ngezigaba zakuqala zokuthuthukiswa kwayo. Izimpawu noma izimpawu zesifo kungaba:

• I-Lethargy, ukulala okuqhubekayo nobuthakathaka;
• Amandla okusebenza at zero;
• Amafiya avamile enhlalakahle ebonakalayo;
• Ukuphefumula;
• Ukuphefumula ngomshuwalense;
• Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo okungaphenduliyo ekwelapheni;
• Ukukhishwa kwe-sputum ngegazi;
• Ukungabi nesifiso;
• Ekuhlaselweni kwe-tussis kukhona i-syndrome ebuhlungu.

Ukukhipha udokotela wesifo ukubeka ucwaningo. I-X-ray izobonisa umdlavuza wamaphaphu Kuyadingeka, ngoba le ndlela ifundisa kakhulu. Kuye ngohlobo lwesifo sofuba nendawo yaso, kuzoba nesithombe esihlukile ekubukeni kwe-radiographic. Ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa okunembile, udokotela ozofika uzoqhuba izivivinyo ezengeziwe futhi, ngokuhlola isimo esiphezulu sesiguli, uzobeka ukwelashwa okwanele.

Imidwebo yamaphaphu ebantwaneni

Uma ingane yakho inikezwa i-X ray, kufanele ufunde amaphuzu alandelayo:

• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhona olunye uhlobo lokuhlolwa;
• Ingabe kukhona isidingo esibalulekile sale nqubo?

Uma kungabaza, uthole iseluleko esivela kwenye ingcweti.

Isizukulwane esincane sichazwa nge-radiography ezimweni ezihlukile. Ngokuyinhloko, uma lokhu kungukuphela kokuxhaphaza okungeke ukwazi ukukhipha noma ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Omunye wabazali ufika esifundweni kanye nomntwana. Ukuze kunciphise umthelela omubi we-irradiation, zonke izindawo zomzimba wengane nommeleli wazo zivikelwe ngezikrini zokuhola. Le nqubo ihlala emaminithini ambalwa, futhi ingane yakho ngeke iphele. Uma i-X-ray yamaphaphu ibonisa ukuthi ukugxila kwe-pathology kukhona, udokotela uzobe enquma ukwelashwa futhi ingane izohamba ngokushesha ukuze ishintshwe.

Imidwebo yomsindo iyindlela ephumelelayo yokuthola izifo ezihlukahlukene kanye nezandla ezihlangene inikeza usizo olubalulekile emphakathini wezokwelapha.