Panda - kungcono ibhere noma raccoon? incazelo panda

On the ezinkulu futhi panda izwe elincane kuphela waziwa ngasekupheleni kwekhulu nesishiyagalolunye, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kuba izilwane lasendulo kakhulu futhi ezingavamile. Kusukela ngenkathi owatholakala ngayo waqala ukutadisha lezi zilwane ezithakazelisayo futhi engavamile. Kodwa ngemva kwamakhulu amabili eminyaka yocwaningo njalo kuyinto kakhulu ngalezi ezincelisayo namanje akwaziwa ukuthi waphelelaphi. Ososayensi abakwazi ukuza ukuvumelana mayelana ekilasini kwalezi zilwane. Le nkinga ngaphezulu sibe sibi nakakhulu ukuthi lezi zinhlobo ezimbili kukhona ukungezwani phakathi abaningi phakathi kwabo. Ngakho-ke, manje kungenzeka ukuzwa inqwaba yokuxoxa ngesihloko: "? Panda - kungcono ibhere noma raccoon"

Incazelo enkulu "bamboo bear"

Lolu hlobo lwe-isilwane samukelwa ku isigaba ezincelisayo, le lamabutho ezidla, Coon umndeni panda subfamily. Kodwa akunjalo kudala i Umcwaningi wase-Australia E. Tenniusom osingathe eziningi cwaningo of morphological, nezenhliziyo, ethological nemvelo kwamakhemikhali. Ngokusho imiphumela usosayensi wathola ukuthi izici eyishumi nesithupha ezinhlanu panda giant - a raccoon, kanye asele nambili kukhona eziyizici yedwa.

Uma sicabanga ukubonakala isilwane, i-panda giant ngokungangabazeki ngaphezulu sifana nebhere, hhayi ngaphandle isizathu futhi ibizwa nangokuthi "bamboo bear". It has a umzimba omkhulu, embozwe ngokuphelele noboya obukhulu. ubude bayo kuhluka 1.1 kuya 1.9, kanye nesisindo - kusukela amakhilogremu 75 kuya 140. imilenze uqweqwe omfushane ukuthi iphele ngezidladla omkhulu isilwane nge izimpiko enkulu.

Uma ubuka eduze ukuze ematheni, ungabona ukuthi kuso futhi eduze umunwe ngamunye kukhona pads ehlukile ukukhonza isilwane ukugcina bushelelezi, ibebushelezi bamboo umoba.

Ngokuphambene ukuthela, lesi silwane has a umsila, okuyinto ubude 13 cm, namazinyo kokuba esinye isakhiwo. panda Premolar ungabona lamagquma kanye uhlevane, engewona nokho kunoma yiziphi nezinye izinhlobo amabhere, futhi inhloko omkhulu walo futhi tupomordaya, nge uqonde izindlebe ezinkulu.

Incazelo Panda lolu hlobo uthi uba nombala omhlophe nge isici eduze iso namabala amnyama, imilenze omnyama umsila nangebala. Futhi nakuba ukubukeka kufana ibhere, nokho, ezinye izici nokwakheka kwayo ngenkani ososayensi sokungabaza. Ngokusho kwabo, i-panda - nomele womndeni raccoon, futhi amanye aze ngisho ziye zakhomba ke njengoba isigaba esikhethekile ezincelisayo.

Kubukeka sengathi umbono elincane lezi zilwane ezithakazelisayo?

Lolu hlobo, ngokusho ososayensi, libhekisela raccoon, njengoba wayengenayise umsila ephethe Umbala ezimthende, efana nomlomo ugebhezi ukuma nokwakheka amazinyo. Nakuba discoverers zawo zazilotshiwe oyikholelwayo ukuthi i-panda ebomvu - ngokuvamile ikati, okuyinto has umbala somlilo abomvu. Lesi silwane Ubuye zenyathi ezimbili - eNtshonalanga Chinese.

Lokhu esincelisayo encane, ngokungafani congeners wabo omkhulu, unomzimba kabani obuphelele kuyinto esiphezulu 67 cm, nge nomsila 47 cm kanye isisindo ezingekho ngaphezu 6 kg. Ngakho-ke, uma impendulo yombuzo othi: "Panda - kungcono ibhere noma cha", singasijabulela kugcwale umlomo ukuthi ukubukeka lezi zilwane ezincane nge red elingenamikhono umbala uyalandisa xaxa raccoon, hhayi namabhere.

ukusabalala

Panda bahlala endaweni enezintaba enhliziyweni China. Basuke ibhekwa njengeBhayibheli ikhaya ezifundeni Sichuan naseTibet. ukuphila kwabo yonke kasisekho ehlathini, lapho likhula ikakhulu ngoqalo, zitholakala endaweni engamamitha 1500-4600 amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle. Kule ndawo, isimo sezulu esibanda kuhle omnene futhi wamemezela wonke amasizini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zilwane bahlala izikhungo eziningi futhi zoo, lapho beqhubeka khona ukufunda uphinde uhlole. In ekuthunjweni isikhathi zokuphila kwabo iminyaka engu-27, futhi kule zasendle ngisho mfushane.

I-panda ebomvu ihlala e-China, Nepal, Bhutan neMyanmar. Uhlala, kanye congener yayo enkulu, endaweni enezintaba endaweni engamamitha 4800 amamitha. Lokhu encane, isilwane esincane kuyo amahlathi-Assam, kanye Sichuan futhi Yunnan izifundazwe. Lesi silwane uhlala ngaphezulu 86 eziqiwini ezisezweni.

Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu ukuthi kwaphakade ukubukwa ezinkulu nezincane kuhluke kakhulu komunye nomunye esibukekayo, + futhi ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi panda - ibhere, kanye nezinye - a raccoon, bemqhuba ngabafaka kule ndlela yokuphila.

ukuziphatha

Lezi zilwane zivame kuhlale omunye. Wenza okuhlukile kungenziwa kuphela ababebhekwa njengabavikeli yokukhwelana futhi ngenkathi ukhulisa amawundlu azo. abantu abavuthiwe abahlala endaweni, indawo engaba mihlanu square metres, okuyinto lincane kakhulu amabhere. Ukuze akhombise phambi kwabo, ungasebenzisa ilebula nge iphunga othize.

Giant Panda, ngokungafani kuya ezincane, asebenzayo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku noma ebusuku. Auburn congener yayo kuholela ebusuku nemini ingalali ezihlahleni, curled up futhi niphumule ikhanda lakhe ezimthende umsila wakhe omkhulu.

ukudla

amahlozi eminingi aminyene bamboo - kungcono ukudla ezinkulu kanye panda ezincane. Amathathu zezitshalo akhawunti cishe 99 amaphesenti yokudla kwawo. kunjalo futhi uzimisele ukudla zonke izinhlobo amajikijolo, izithelo, imbewu kanye acorns. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungase kuholele ngisho yokuzingela encane izinyoni, izilwane ezihuquzelayo kanye namagundane.

In ekuthunjweni, basuke eyayithelelwa bamboo efanayo, kanye amabhisikidi isinambuzane izibungu. Panda - isilwane ukuthi ingenye ezimbalwa akwazi ukudla ukudla isiphi isikhundla umzimba wakhe, ngisho elele phansi.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha

Amasampula lezi zinhlobo ezimbili finyelela khula zabo zobulili is closer kuze kuphele iminyaka emihlanu, futhi baqala ngesikhathi sokukhwelana kuphela eziyisikhombisa. Abesifazane ku kokuzalela isizini yabo, okuyinto zokhahlamba kusuka ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya ngesonto, ukwenza imisindo elikhulu futhi ngenkuthalo secrete iphunga elithile.

Ngemva kwalokho eza ukukhulelwa, ozobakhona kulezi izilwane okuyisilinganiso sabangu-izinyanga ezinhlanu. Ngokuvamile eyodwa noma amabili owazalelwa nqunu cub enesisindo amagremu okungaphansi kuka-200 kanye nobude 14 kuya 16 cm, esifana amabhere ansundu. Nakuba ososayensi namanje abazange ukufika khona esiphelweni ocacile ngalokho panda - ibhere noma cha, kodwa inqubo yokuzala salezi zilwane ezimbili kuyafana ngokwemvelo.

yesizukulwane

Lapho kuzalwa amawundlu azo, njengoba zonke izinhlobo amabhere, ngihluphekile futhi abayizimpumputhe. Insikazi kuphakamisa imidlwane yakhe encane futhi yena Uwaphatha ngokucophelela futhi ngokucophelela okukhulu. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokuzalwa wabo, yena akabashiyi umgodi umzuzu ngisho adle noma aphuze. Umama ubeka amawundlu alo esifubeni sakhe izikhathi nanhlanu ngosuku, nomunye yokudla ungaba nobude cishe isigamu sehora.

Ingabe ama-panda ngokuvamile kubonakala lapho ezalwa kuya cishe amawele, kodwa lapho owesifazane ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile ukukhetha kuzo ingane ezinhle kakhulu futhi siqhubeke obakhathalelayo, futhi okwesibili, ngokulandelana, kufa ingagadiwe. Lactation isikhathi lezi zilwane ihlala amaviki 45, kanye ukuhlala abasha nonina baze bafinyelele ngisho nalapho sengineminyaka emithathu.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

It kuvela ukuthi okokuqala ukuthi ososayensi baye baqhuba ucwaningo phezu umbono enkulu yalezi zilwane, abakwazanga ukuqonda isikhathi eside, i-panda - kodwa ngubani lo, ukuthi ngisho nesilwane. Emwa kwesikhashana bafika esiphethweni sokuthi kuba raccoon, kodwa usayizi omkhulu.

Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, ezinye izazi ziye waphikisa lo mbono, njengoba kuhlolelwa zofuzo kwatholakala ukuthi lolu hlobo ihlobene kakhulu nge namabhere.

Ngokuqondene nama-panda ebomvu, ososayensi abaningi waloba kuyo yonke ingqondo kunitsepodobnomu, esakhiwa umndeni ka Martens, kanye raccoon futhi skunk.

Nakuba, ngokusho abacwaningi kakhulu, lezi zenyathi ezimbili futhi basonta kwama-class ehlukene, kodwa ngamunye futhi abe ukufana okuthile. Ngokwesibonelo, bobabili babe lesithupha panda "mbumbulu umunwe", esisogwini ngezidladla zabo phambili. Yena inkulu kakhulu kunangendlela ezinye ezinhlanu. Eqinisweni, le ngxenye somzimba ithambo esihlakaleni embozwe isikhumba. Lesi sakhiwo kusiza izilwane nilondoloze kangcono isitshalo bamboo.

isimo sokulondolozwa

Ngeshwa, i-panda sekungaphezu yokuqothulwa, ngakho uhlu yakhiwa International Red Book. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu eziningi. Redhead panda bukhoma akuyona abantu balesi isithakazelo esikhulu, njengoba kuba noboya. Ngenxa yalokhu, kwaba njalo ekuzingeleni, ikakhulukazi Nepal. Kodwa eminyakeni yamuva izilwane baba kancane kancane alulame.

Panda nazo bavikelwe ngumthetho, owawuthi lapho kubhujiswa lesi isilwane bayakujeziswa isigwebo sokufa noma umusho udilikajele.

Nakuba lesi silo futhi eminyaka ambalwa adlule, yavulwa, ngisho China isibe gugu lesizwe ngo-1912 (ngokuvumelana nomthetho weRiphabhulikhi), kodwa ososayensi abasuke bengakakwazi ukusebenzisa ukufika khona esiphelweni iguma mayelana nokuthi i-panda - ibhere noma raccoon. Ngakho-ke, ukutadisha isilwane uyaqhubeka kuze kube yilolu suku.