Embargo ekungeneni kwemikhiqizo eRussia Federation. Yimiphi imikhiqizo evinjelwe ukungena eRussia: uhlu

I-embargo yisigwebo samazwe athile asebenza kulowo mbuso ophule amalungelo omhlaba wonke. Iyini i-embargo emikhiqizweni? Lokhu kusho ukuphela kokunikezwa kwezimpahla ezithile kanye nokuhweba ngokujwayelekile. Uma i-embargo isetshenziswe ezweni, kuhilela ukuboshwa kwemikhumbi enezimpahla kanye nokuvinjelwa kokungena emachwebeni asezizwe ezenze lokhu kuvinjelwe.

Iyini i-embargo emikhiqizweni?

I-embargo iyinqabela. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izimpahla zalawo mazwe ezenzile izigwegwe eRussia azikwazi ukungeniswa ezweni. Lokhu kusebenza kwimikhiqizo yezolimo, izinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nokudla. I-embargo ekungenisweni kwemikhiqizo yokudla eya eRussia Federation yathuliswa ngo-Agasti 6, 2014 nguMengameli V.Putin.

Amazwe angaphansi kwe-embargo

Amazwe e-European Union, eU.SA, e-Australia, eNorway naseCanada ayathinteka ukuvinjelwa kwamanye amazwe. Kodwa njengoba i-EU ivame ukuzimela ngaphandle kwe-Russia okuthunyelwa ngaphandle (okungaphansi kwe-1%), umnotho awuzange ulahlekelwe kakhulu. Futhi , amazwe e-EU ahlose ukukhokha inani elithile lemali kulabo abaye babhekana ne-embargo. Imali ezosetshenziselwa lokhu izothathwa esikhwameni ukusiza izisulu zokushushiswa kwezombangazwe.

Isenzo sezokwahlukana kwaholela ekulimaleni okungenani eLuxembourg. Umonakalo omkhulu wabulawa eLithuania, ePoland, e-Estonia naseFinland. Ngokuvamile, amazwe aseYurophu asabela ngokuhlukile ekuvinjweni. Umnotho womuntu othile uhluphekile kakhulu, kanti omunye umuntu ungaphansi.

Uhlu lwemikhiqizo

Uhlu lwemikhiqizo evinjelwe kusukela ekungenisweni ukuya eRussian Federation lwaluhlanganisa inyama yezinkomo (nganoma yiluphi uhlobo), ingulube (nganoma yiluphi uhlobo), ukudla okuthengiswa yizinkukhu, izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlanzi, ama-invertebrates emanzini. Futhi kanye nemikhiqizo yobisi, isobho kanye noshizi, imifino, izithelo namantongomane.

Muva nje, uhlu olwengeziwe lwemikhiqizo lunikezwe, oluthatha isikhundla salowo odala. Unemibono eminingi. Isibonelo, izidingo zemikhiqizo engekho i-lactose ziye zaba nzima. Uma ubisi obungenisiwe ngaphakathi noma imikhiqizo ye-lactose engavunyelwe, manje kungenzeka ukungenisa kuphela uhlu oluhloswe ukwelashwa kokudla noma ukuvimbela.

Ngokuphathelene ne-embargo, uhlu lwemikhiqizo manje evinjelwe lufana nalokho: inyama, ukudla nge-imikhiqizo, ama-crustaceans, ubisi nemikhiqizo yobisi, imifino ehlukahlukene, izithelo. Futhi, ukuvinjelwa kokuthekeliswa kwezimpande ezidliwayo nezilimo eziyizigaxa akukhanseliwe.

Imikhiqizo engathinteki ukuvinjelwa

Amanye amagama awanqunyelwe ekuhlinzekeni eRussia Federation: ukudla kwasebantwaneni, ubisi olukhethekile lobu lase-lactose, izithako eziphilayo, amaprotheni agxila, amavithamini namaminerali ezinkimbinkimbi. I-Russia iye yavumela ukungenisa imifino ehloswe ukuhlwanyela: amazambane, ummbila, anyanisi nama-peas.

Futhi, i-confectionery nezimbali azifakiwe kuhlu olukhawulelwe.

Imiphumela yezezomnotho eRussia

Ukwengeza, ukuhlanganiswa kwezinhlobo ezithile zemikhiqizo kuncishisiwe, ukuvinjelwa kokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kwaletha nezinguquko ezingathandeki emkhakheni wezezimali. I-embargo ekungeneni kwemikhiqizo eRussian Federation ngokuhlanganiswa nezinye izici kwakunemiphumela emibi emnothweni. Kuphela kwengxenye yalonyaka, amaholo awela ngo-8.5%, kanti inani elihlanganisiwe lokudla inyanga eyodwa, ngokuphambene nalokho, landa ngamaphesenti angama-14%. Ungabona ukuthi abantu baqala ukulondoloza ekuthengeni, ikakhulukazi ekudleni.

Amabhizinisi asebenza ngokukhethekile ekuhlinzekeni kokudla nawo aphethwe yi-embargo ekudleni. Baqala ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo emisha kusuka ezingxenyeni eziphezulu kakhulu, kodwa ezishibhile, futhi intengo yemikhiqizo enjalo nayo yaba encane. Amanye amafemu futhi anciphisa ikhwalithi yokupakisha, ukushintsha ukufaka amaphakheji kuya eshibhile.

Izinguquko kumkhawulo wemikhiqizo

Ukuze kufakwe yonke imikhiqizo evinjelwe ngomkhiqizo omusha, kuthatha eminyakeni emithathu kuya emine. Ezinye izitolo zokudla, naphezu kokungeniswa okuvinjelwe kokudla eRussia, zishushumbiswa ngezimpahla. Bahambisa izimpahla ngeKazakhstan noma eBelarus.

Ngokuphathelene ne-embargo ekungeneni kwemikhiqizo eRussia Federation, kunezinkinga ngesilinganiso sokudla okunomsoco okudingekayo ukuphatha iziguli ezine-lactose. Kungase kube nezinkinga ngenani lemikhiqizo yabashukela abanesifo sikashukela kanye nemithi yokwelashwa, kanye nokudla okunemidlalo - lezo zimpahla azivele zanele.

Amanani eminye imikhiqizo yavuka kakhulu, isibonelo, ukukhwabanisa kwaba kubizayo ngaphezu kwesigamu. Intengo yamaqanda, ushukela, inhlanzi, itiye, imikhiqizo yefulawa namafutha e-sunflower nawo akhuliswa.

Ukwandiswa kwe-embargo

Ngenxa yokuqhubeka kwezigwegwe ngamazwe e- EU, iRussia Federation izokwengeza isikhathi se-embargo ekungeneni kokudla. Igama lokuvuselela seluvele laziwa - unyaka owodwa.

Futhi kuleli lizwe laqhuba ucwaningo phakathi kwabantu mayelana nokuthi abantu bahlobana kanjani nokwandiswa kwe-embargo nokuthi lokhu kuvinjelwa kwashintsha kanjani ukuphila kwabo.

Ngokwenhlolovo, abangaphezu kuka-80% baseRussia basekela umqondo wokwandisa isikhathi se-embargo ekungeniseni imikhiqizo eRussia evela e-EU nase-US.

Abantu bakholelwa ukuthi ukuvinjelwa kokungenisa kwamanye amazwe kwathinteka isimo somnotho ngendlela enhle. Futhi isigamu sabasolwa bathi abazange babone izinguquko.

Kube nesitatimende sokuthi izigwegwe zokulwa neRussia zazingekho emthethweni. Bathi futhi iRussia izokwenza isimiso sokuphindaphindiwe. Uma izigwegwe ziphakanyisiwe, izwe lizophinde liphakamise i-embargo.

Ukusabela kwamazwe angavunyelwe

Amazwe angazange ahlangene ne-Russia embargo ekudleni athola izinzuzo ezinkulu. Isibonelo, iSerbia iyithuba lokukhulisa izinga lomnotho walo ngokunikeza imikhiqizo yalo ensimini yeRussian Federation. Bayoletha imikhiqizo yekhwalithi ngendlela ehlanganisiwe enkulu. EMakedoniya kakade ithumela izithelo nemifino ezweni. I-Belarus ilungele ukusiza iRussia: ngeke ivumele amazwe e-EU ukuba anikeze imikhiqizo ngensimu yawo. Futhi usinikeza izinhlanzi, ukhukhunathi nama-octopus.

IBrazil ikhulula ngenkuthalo inyama yenkukhu nenkukhu. I-Turkey ingomunye wabanikezeli abakhulu kunazo zonke eRussia. Futhi leli zwe, ngaphezu kwemikhiqizo yezithelo nemifino, lisayine isivumelwano sokunikezwa ubisi noju.

I-Chile ithumela izinhlanzi zasemanzini eRussia, futhi futhi yikhiqiza enkulu kunazo zonke izinhlanzi. I-Mauritius ne-Ecuador bazoba abahlinzeki bezinhlanzi eRussia. INingizimu Afrika inika inani elikhulu lezithelo ezahlukene.

I-Egypt, ngaphezu kokujoyina i-Customs Union, iphinda ithembise ukuba ngumhlinzeki wemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene.

Amanye amazwe azuze kakhulu ekuvinjelweni kokungenisa kwezimpahla ezivela emazweni amaningi ukuya eRussia, ngoba ngale ndlela banquma ukukhulisa inzuzo yabo. Futhi uma inzuzo enkulu, izonikeza ithuba lokukhulisa umnotho wezwe ezingeni eliphakeme. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abakhiqizi basekhaya banethuba lokufakazela ukuthi izimpahla zethu azibi nakakhulu kunezaseYurophu.