I-USSR: izikhumbuzo ezikhangayo nezinkulu zenkathi

Kusukela ngo-1922 kuya ku-1991 ebalazweni leplanethi kwakukhona indawo enkulu futhi inamandla kunawo wonke emfundweni yezomnotho engaba khona - iSoviet Union (USSR). Ukubukwa kwaleli zwe, izikhumbuzo zobuciko kanye nobuciko obuhle kakhulu futhi namuhla kunesimo salo, ubuciko nobuqiniso obungavamile. Zigcinwe emadolobheni amaningi asendulo.

Kulesi sihloko uzothola izinto ezidume kakhulu ze-USSR: izithombe, umlando wokwakhiwa kwawo namaqiniso athakazelisayo ngalezi zinto. Kuyoba cishe ngesakhiwo esisodwa sezandla zaseSoviet kanye nezikhumbuzo ezimbili ezinhle kakhulu ezihlobisa uKiev naseMoscow.

I-USSR, izakhiwo zokwakha: Kharkov Gosprom

Uma sikhuluma ngezakhiwo zeSoviet, asikwazi ukusikhumbula kodwa sikhumbule ukwakha, isitayela esasithandwa kakhulu kuma-1920s no-1930. Futhi phakathi kwezibonelo ezithandekayo zalesi sitayela yi-Gosprom okuthiwa i-House of State Industry) e-Kharkov. Kwakuyi-skyscraper yokuqala ku-USSR yonke.

Imikhumbi yezakhiwo zeSoviet iphawuleka ngenxa yesilinganiso sabo esikhulu nesibalo esikhulu. Kungashiwo okufanayo mayelana nokwakhiwa kweKomiti Yezombusazwe Zombuso, eyakhiwa ngo-1928 kusuka kukhonkolo oluqinisekisiwe lwe-monolithic esigxotsheni esikhulu saseKharkov (ngaleso sikhathi - inhloko-dolobha yase-Ukrainian SSR).

Ukuphakama kwesakhiwo ngamamitha angu-63, kanti indawo ewusizo yonke indawo yayo ingamamitha ayizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu ayisithupha. Amathani ayizinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalolunye zensimbi nezinqola zamasheya angaphezu kwenkulungwane asetshenziselwa ukwakha Imbonini kaHulumeni. I-skyscraper yokuqala yaseSoviet yakhonza izikhumbi ezingu-12 (eziyisikhombisa zazo zisasebenza).

I-USSR, izikhumbuzo zobuciko obukhulu: "Motherland"

Esinye sezikhumbuzo ezihlonipheke kakhulu kunazo zonke zeSoviet heritage - "Motherland" eKiev. Umbhali walesi sikhumbuzo wayengumakhi u-Evgeni Vuchetich. Wakha futhi isikhumbuzo esifanayo eVolgograd.

I-Motherland yaseKievine inamamitha angu-102 ubude. Ukudwetshwa kwesifazane onenkemba nesihlangu kubonakala ezindaweni eziningi nasezindaweni zokuhlala zenhloko-dolobha yase-Ukraine. Ekuqaleni kwakuhlelwe ukuthi lesi sikhumbuzo sizobe senziwe, kodwa kamuva sishiya lo mbono.

Isikhumbuzo savulwa ngo-1981. Itholakala ensimini yeM Museum of the History of Ukraine eMpini Yezwe Yesibili. Isikhumbuzo sonke sinamathani ayi-450. Yenzelwe ukuze ikwazi ukumelana nokuzamazama komhlaba okukhulu kwamaphuzu angu-8-9. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, "uMlandland" eKiev usengaphansi kweminyaka engama-150 ubudala.

Umfanekiso wesithombe "Umsebenti kanye nePulazi lePulazi elihlangene"

Ukubhala zonke izikhangiso zamasiko ezidume kakhulu ze-USSR eminyakeni engu-20-30, le nto kufanele ikhulunywe kuqala. Umbuzo wesithombe esiqoshiwe esithi "Umsebenzi ne-Collective Farm Girl", esasungulwa eMoscow ngo-1939. Ngendlela, kwabaningi bezinye izizwe, kuba cishe uphawu oluyinhloko lenkathi yamaSoviet.

Isithombe sokubunjwa sensimbi engagqwali engama-25-metre senziwa ekuqaleni kwe-World War Exhibition ka-1937. Ngemva kwesikhashana wathunyelwa enhloko-dolobha yase-USSR futhi efakwe mayelana nenye yokungena kwenkimbinkimbi ye-VDNKh. Ngokushesha lesi sikhumbuzo saba umboniso we-studio yefilimu ethi "Mosfilm".

Ngo-2003, ukubuyiselwa okukhulu kwetshe lesikhumbuzo kwaqala. I-squelese esekelwe yesikhumbuzo yaqiniswa futhi isisekelo sayo sanyatheliswa (ekugcineni saba ubude bamamitha ayishumi). Namuhla, ngaphansi kwetshe lesikhumbuzo kukhona iminyuziyamu eveza umlando wokwakhiwa kwalesi sikhumbuzo sobuciko obukhulu beSoviet.