I-franc yaseSwitzerland - ukuzinza kuletha izinkinga

Imali yezwe yaseSwitzerland yiSwitzerland franc. Imakethe yemali yamazwe ngamazwe i- CHF ekhethiwe. Elinye i-franc lilingana namakhulu angu-centimes. Ukusabalalisa yizikhwama zephepha kusuka kuma-10 kuya ku-1000 ama-francs, izinhlamvu zemali ezivela kuma-francs angu-1 kuya kuma-5 nezinhlamvu zemali ezivela ku-5 kuya ku-50 centimes.

Umlando omncane

I-franc yaseSwitzerland ibhekwa njengenye yezimali zezwe ezizinzile kakhulu. Umlando wayo waqala ngo-1850, emva kokuba iSwitzerland ithole ukuzimela. Iminyaka yokubusa kwesiFulentshi yayingeyona ize, kanti iFrank franc yayilinganiswa nezindleko ezizimele kumlingani wakhe waseFrance.

Amasiko akhona, ubudlelwane besikhathi eside, imithetho ehloniphekile yezezimali, ukungathathi hlangothi kwezwe, ukugcinwa kwemfihlo ephakeme kwamabhange aseSwitzerland akhangisa kakhulu izimali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga lokushintshanisa lale mali lalondolozwa kusukela ngo-1865 kuya ku-2000 ngesilinganiso esinqinile se-4.5 amagremu esiliva angu-0.29 amagremu egolide, okungukuthi, ukuzinza okukhulu kwe-franc kwagcinwa

Imali eSwitzerland yabhekana nokulinganisa kanye kuphela emlandweni wayo - ngo-1936, ngesikhathi sokuKhula okukhulu. Kodwa izinkinga zomhlaba ezilandelayo ngo-1973 no-1998, uFrank wahlupheka ngaphandle kokulahleka. Njengamanje, imali yaseSwitzerland isetshenziswe amabhange njengendawo yokugcina, ne-inflation yenani. Amazwe aseMpumalanga akhetha ukusebenzisa i-franc yaseSwiss esikhundleni se-euro, ngoba izinga lokuzethemba kule mali liphakeme kakhulu.

I-Switzerland iqine ngokuqinile emasikweni angathathi hlangothi, ngakho-ke akuyona eyomphakathi waseYurophu noma emazweni aseG8. Inqubomgomo enjalo yangaphandle ivumela izwe ukuba libalekele izinkinga zezomnotho nezombusazwe eziphezulu.

Isimo samanje

Phakathi neminyaka embalwa eyedlule, i-franc yaseSwitzerland isiqinisekisile ngokumelene ne-euro ngo-20%. Iziphathimandla zikahulumeni zaze zadingeka nokuvimbela ngokuqinile ukukhula kwe-franc. Ukukhula okunjalo emalini yemali yasendaweni kwakunomthelela omubi ebhizinisini lezokuvakasha kulelizwe. Ngokuvamile abantu baseYurophu bakhetha i-Austrian noma iFrance i-Alps, ngoba amanani akhona eningi ngentando yeningi, kanti konke okunye kubonakala kube yisabelomali. Ngemuva kokuhlupheka kuka-2008, lokhu kwaba yinto ebalulekile kakhulu.

Ngakho-ke, abanikazi bezintaba ezihlala eSwitzerland manje banomthelela wokunciphisa amanani: amathikithi enkathi angathengwa ngesaphulelo se-30%, izaphulelo zesikhulu zinikezelwa ukuhlala emahoreni nasezikhungweni, izaphulelo zokugibela nomfundisi, amanani ezitolo zokudlela anciphise ngo-15-20%, imishini yasendaweni inikezwa Izinga lokushintshaniswa elizuzayo esaphulelo esingaba ngu-20%. Kodwa naphezu kwazo zonke lezi zinyathelo, ama-ski resorts eSwitzerland ahlala ebiza kakhulu eYurophu. Amahhotela ayingxenye eyodwa kuphela egcwele, futhi iziqhingi zingabhalwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa kukaKhisimusi noNyaka Omusha.

Imithetho yokushintshaniswa kwemali

Amabhange aseSwitzerland asebenza ngokujwayelekile kusukela ngo-8 ekuseni kuze kufike ezine noma eziyisithupha kusihlwa ngezinsuku zamasonto, ngekhefu lokudla kwasemini lisukela ku-12 kuya ku-amabili. Ezikhungweni zezindiza naseziteshini zesitimela, imali ingashintshaniswa nsuku zonke kusukela ngo-8 ekuseni kuze kufike kusihlwa kusihlwa. Kukhona izinto ezingamashumi amabili nane. Ukushintshaniswa kungenziwa emagatsheni asebhange, kumahhovisi okushintshana ezitolo ezinkulu nezitolo, kwezinye izinhlangano zokuhamba. Kodwa ensimini yeSwitzerland izinga liphakeme kakhulu, ngakho-ke kungcono ukushintsha i-franc yaseSwitzerland ngaphandle.

Ezitolo eziningi ongayikhokha nge-dollar noma i-euro, izinhlobo ezinkulu zamakhadi esikweletu namasheke abahambi nazo nazo zamukelwa.

Imbuyiselo ye-VAT yokuthenga

I-Swiss VAT ingu-7.5%. Ezitolo zokudlela namahhotela, zonke izintela zifakwe ku-bill. Ngokuthengwa kwesikhathi esisodwa esitolo kuma-francs angama-500, intela eyongezwayo ibuyiselwa imali. Ukuze wenze lokhu, isitolo sidinga ukukhombisa ipasipoti bese sithola isheke "Ukuthenga Ngaphandle Kwemali". Uma usuka kuleli zwe, ungabuyisela imali ye-VAT ebhange esikhumulweni sezindiza. Futhi eminyangweni emikhulu kanye nezitolo, i-VAT ibuyiselwa ngqo endaweni, kodwa kuyadingeka lapho uletha ipasipoti.