Grand Palace, ePeterhof: incazelo, umlando, izakhiwo kanye ezithakazelisayo amaqiniso

Esikhathini esingeside esidlule, Grand Palace (ePeterhof) yayigubha iminyaka engu 300th. Sekungamakhulu eminyaka amaningana, yangaphambili kuyo ehlobo bababusi phambili iye kuhlangene ngokungenakuhlukaniswa umlando wezwe. Seaside Ensemble yezakhiwo Yakhiwa njengoba lesikhumbuzo elikhulu lokunqoba ekhazimulisa nangobukhulu Russian Empire, okuyinto phakathi neMpi Northern, iwine ukufinyelela wakhe esasikudinga kakhulu khona oLwandle iBaltic. Grand Palace kuyinto edumile emhlabeni wonke izivakashi, okuyinto edonsela abantu abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba. Kwadalwa Bartolomeo Rastrelli lesikhumbuzo iminyaka eminingi bayahlonishwa izithameli okunethezeka kwalo futhi solemnity.

Of ngomlando Isigodlo

Grand Palace, ePeterhof, uJesu wazalwa yokuhlala ezweni kaKesari Petra Velikogo. Ekuqaleni, kwaba isakhiwo nesizotha kakhulu, okuyinto okwakwaziwa ngokuthi upland (Upper) Chamber. Indawo ukwakhiwa ezikhangayo yesimanje abelethwe Petr Veliky yena. Monarch ukubona futhi ukubukeka ezakhiwo esigodlweni. Kwaba ukuba esigodlweni, elakhiwa ngo isitayela ebizwa ngokuthi Petrine Baroque, okuyinto kabanzi dolobha entsha Petersburg State. EPeterhof lakhiwa ngesikhathi 1714-1725 inkathi. Ekuqaleni, wayesebenza ku lowo msebenzi wakhe wokwakha, uJean-Baptiste Leblond, futhi kamuva - Nikolo Miketti. Phakathi nokubusa Elizabeth luhlobo lavuselelwa: njengoba isampula kwakusetshenziswa imodeli we Versailles wezakhiwo Jules Hardouin-Mansart futhi Lui Levo.

Kunenye usuku ezikhangayo wadala. Ngakho, Grand Palace - ePeterhof - wakhela emuva 1710. Kodwa lokhu kwenzakala kuqale ukwahluleka ukuphela. Ukusebenza kwi-wezakhiwo iphrojekthi Johann Braunstein akazange ngetici insimu, futhi baqala ukwakha ukunikeza lezo zinsalela. Ngenxa yalokho umsebenzi wokwakha waphathiswa Leblond. iphrojekthi wakhe uphuthunyiswe ku-akhawunti komhlaba isizinda, okuyinto negates le subsidence inhlabathi ngaphansi esakhiweni. Uhlelo Lokufaka Lwe-okusha wandisa eminyango kanye namafasitela, ukuze esigodlweni sabukeka ngokubabazekayo ngaphezulu. Qedela ukwakhiwa wale ndawo kwadingeka kakade Nikolo Miketti. amasevisi zakhe zaba zemibukiso ziyalingana esiseHholo zombili kanye ubude ePeterhof.

Namuhla sibona esigodlweni indlela kule minyaka 1747-1754 bamlethela Bartolomeo Rastrelli.

Nobuhle - amandla esabekayo

Grand Palace, ePeterhof - ke ngempela kuyinto isakhiwo emangalisayo enhle. Ibizwa ngokuthi "adherent" komugqa wesimethri, kusukela base 300 metres of olungaphambili lwesonto isakhiwo into baraque sibhekiswe eGulf of Finland. Ipulatifomu nge balustrade, itholakala kwi ithala lwesigodlo wakhonza njengephayona endaweni eya kuyo kwanqunywa ukuba ngigqolozele Grand Cascade noma oLwandle Canal. Okokuqala ukunqoba emuva indima esigodlweni ezitebhisini grand.

Ukwakhiwa kanye nomklamo ePeterhof kwakucatshangwa out nemininingwane emincane, ukudala into kwaba umbono omuhle kakhulu, esahlanganisa ukuphila ezingaphezu kuka-ngempumelelo. Lesi sigodlo kakhulu esifanayo ngakho kahle kufanelekile ku ezungezile, ukuthi nomklami oyinhloko Petersburg Leblon wake wathi ukuthi ukukhangwa ungomunye walabo izimangaliso ukuthi kumele ubonakale Unelungelo ukwahlulela ngobuhle bazo.

incazelo jikelele

Grand Palace ePeterhof, wezakhiwo letinikwe lapha ngenhla - kuyinto maphakathi Ensemble lephelele ezakhiwo ePeterhof. Lokhu eyinkimbinkimbi isakhiwo ezintathu storey anamagalari esisogwini emaphethelweni zemvelo imitha-16 ithala futhi ifinyelela ubude ngamamitha angu-300. Ukuphakama ingxenye esimaphakathi 17 amamitha Palace. It lihlotshiswe isihlangu embossed kanye monogram kaPetru mina umqhele umbusi.

vase eyayibhalwe imiqhele ophahleni. Isonto futhi isitembu umzimba ne domes okwenyanga zlachenymi afanako nhlangothi zombili zomzimba emaphakathi. I vane rotary, okubonisa ukhozi ezintathu esinamakhanda avule amaphiko, ukuzibamba izimpiko zalo intonga zikhipha, siqede Isitembu Dome izindlu. cross-Orthodox, njengoba ephakama 27 amamitha eliphezulu, amaHubo bugcizelelwa umkhatsi anothile Church emihlanu oluyingungu izindlu. Single-storey zemibukiso ukuxhuma ngumgogodla ezikhungweni zomsebenzi esigodlweni ne hulls ezimbili.

indaba abathandwayo Rastrelli

Thenga amathikithi e-Grand ePeterhof Palace umi namanje futhi ukubheka ubuhlakani okudala Rastrelli. Umakhi omkhulu Samenyelwa Dvorets Elizavetoy Petrovnoy, futhi cishe wathatha isihlalo sobukhosi, waqala kabusha yokuhlala. Ngo 1745 Bartolomeo waqala ukuthuthukisa imidwebo emisha. Isigodlo isikhungo zishiya indlela kwaba, futhi phakathi nokubusa, uPeter Omkhulu. Izinguquko abathintekayo nemipheme lateral ukuthi umphelelisi izakhiwo Heraldic futhi isonto.

Rastrelli wayalelwa ngendlela ekhethekile ukuhlobisa Ballroom. Wayefanele kokubili acebile ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi kufanele gilding esetshenziswa. Ukuhlela ukwakheka abhekana ngayo umsebenzi: edala mansions enkulu, beyizidlova ubukhazikhazi Versailles uqobo. Elizaveta Petrovna wahlala wanelisekile kakhulu ngomsebenzi ubuhlakani, kodwa ayizange ikhokhwe olulodwa penny umklami.

30 amahholo lwesigodlo

Ngezinye anawo kwasesigodlweni amakamelo angu-30, okungaba yokuziqhenya ngayo isigqoko. Amahhotela Anamanani Grand Palace ePeterhof ndawonye yena zonke ngokunethezeka ebukhazikhazini lesi sakhiwo. Wonke amakamelo eyinhloko isakhiwo zitholakala ngokunembile kwi "Imithetho Palace" - esitezi sesibili. Ngakho, ngokwesibonelo, igumbi Chesmensky kwaba inhlobo ikamelo elinde emcimbini, ngandlela-thile. Ehholo Mirrors SaseVersailles baba sibonelo ngoba konke Dancehall ePeterhof. SLR amafasitela inkohliso, trompe l'oeil kwakuyisenzakalo esivelele le ndawo.

I enkulu isikhala kwaba Sobukhosi Hall. endaweni yayo ifinyelela 330 square metres. Leli kamelo kwaba imvelo wobungani amakhonsathi, amabhola kanye reception i imvelo olusemthethweni. Isithombe Hall iyona endala esigodlweni izakhiwo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekuqaleni kwakuyincwadi egumbini enkulu futhi best. Phakathi amafulethi isimo owakhe okulala nengxenye, izindlu zangasese, amagumbi yasebukhosini kanye salon. izintokazi eseduze kuphela kwadingeka ukufinyelela kulezi zakhiwo.

Amagumbi esigodlweni

izivakashi eziningi esimangalisayo nesifundisayo kungaba uhambo ePeterhof nge evakashele Grand Palace. injabulo Incredible imbangela amakhabethe Chinese-oak ekhabetheni uPetru I. sokuqala ikamelo, ugongolo negolide anombala ocwazimulayo, njengo Chinese lacquer izithombe. A iKhabhinethi Oak kwalondolozwa njengemiBhalo izinsalela futhi mlando ezibuyiselwe ubuqiniso esiphezulu.

Isigodlo e XIX-XX eminyaka

Grand Palace ePeterhof, isitayela lapho kubhekiselwa kuye ngokuthi Petrine Baroque, kusukela ngo-1845 kuya ku-1850 waba kancane zalungiswa ngo wezakhiwo A. I. Shtakenshneyderom. Wayelethwa bekwi-superstructure iphiko empumalanga, futhi ekugcineni wenza esigodlweni laqanjwa olinganiselayo futhi lona wesimethri.

Ngemva Elikhulu Okthoba Revolution, esigodlweni yaphenduka Museum yomlando nezobuciko. Ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe cishe wabhubhisa Luhambo: amaNazi weba bakha ingxenye enkulu yabamemezeli ziphephile Museum, futhi isakhiwo sigodlo sasibhekwa ushiswe kanye amabhomu.

Architects, izazi-mlando, restorers futhi amakhosi ahlukahlukene ngo-1952 ku-elakhiwe kabusha yabo amanxiwa iHlalankosi Elikhulu. Futhi ngo-1956 kwathiwa lisungulwe kabusha nga-Dome eyayibhalwe. Portrait ihholo ikamelo kuqala ukuze ihlolwe itholakala Museum of iHlalankosi Elikhulu. Izinkundla kwenzeka ngo-1964.

Manje Luhambo iyona lomlando Art Museum.

Trip ku esigodlweni

Tour ukuba ePeterhof Grand Palace - umcimbi ukuthi ngesikhathi okusezingeni eliphezulu izivakashi isizini, ukuvakashelwa elula umphakathi kunzima ngempela. Ngalesi sikhathi ukukhangana ugajwe ikakhulukazi amaqembu ukuvakasha angaphandle. March no-April - lawa izinyanga zomnyaka, uma ungaya izivakashi Russian. Kuzo zonke ezinye izinyanga into iningi wavakashelwa amaqembu abavela kwamanye amazwe.

Amathikithi ukuvakasha akuzona ezishibhile (by ayizinkulungwane). Inani kangakanani kuncike ekutheni hlobo pass uthenge. Futhi kubhekelwe ukuthi isivakashi kuyinto owezizwe noma cha, kanye nesazisi wakhe nomphakathi.