Ezigcina igolide Ukraine. Exchange Foreign izinqolobane Ukraine

Ezigcina igolide Ukraine uye yayina kakhulu ngo-2010. Ngaleso sikhathi wayesevile eminyakeni engu-34 bhiliyoni 570 ama-dollar ayisigidi. Kakade ngawo-July 1, 2013 izinqolobane wezwe kwehle ngo-23 bhiliyoni 148 ama-dollar ayisigidi. entengo Ngakho, eminyakeni nje emithathu salotshwa dolobha Ukrainian cishe ingxenye yesithathu. Umkhuba wokulala nokwehlisa yegolide negolide ikakhulukazi, uyaqhubeka namuhla.

Nasi umlando, noma Dynamics zokunciphisa Ukraine reserve

Ezigcina igolide Ukraine njengoba kusaqhuba isimo luye lwabonisa njalo ukukhula omuhle. Esikhathini kusuka 1999 kuya 2013 okokuqala salotshwa ukunciphisa yayo. Isimo lihlotshaniswa inhlekelele yembulunga yonke, okwashukumisa ungene ezweni ngo-2008. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ngo-2010 esiqiwini yezwe yayina, ngo-2012, yaphawula: "neminye" esikhwameni zomphakathi ngu 22.8% uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule 2011. Uma sicabangela Inkomba ngokuya ngokuphelele, singasho ukuthi ukugcina zamadola 7 bhiliyoni 48 kwezigidi ezingu 590 ayizinkulungwane. Ochwepheshe bathi ukuncipha ukuhlinzekwa yimizamo kahulumeni ukugcina kazwelonke exchange rate ngosuku olwandulela okhethweni 2012 ePhalamende. Ngo-May nango-June 2013 wathatha beka ukunciphisa elilandelayo reserves at 2 billion $ 5 million. amanani capital aye alotshwa kulo ukusebenza ezingeni eneminyaka eyisithupha ubudala. Ukuncishiswa reserve ngalesi sikhathi futhi kwaqondana imizamo kahulumeni ekulinganiseni izinga lokushintshisana kwe-lwemali kazwelonke. Lesi simo yashubisa isidingo ukukhokha izikweletu zangaphandle. ukuncipha eziphawulekayo ziyamaniswa nokungangeni e-Ukraine sabhalwa ngalesi sikhathi.

ukudayiswa State: igagasi lokuqala

Impendulo umbuzo lapho zigcine igolide Ukraine itholakala ukudayiswa emikhulu we metal ophuzi ngo-2014. Kugcine ngenkuthalo ukususa lwefa nguhulumeni okwenzeka emuva ngo-2004. Ngesikhathi yayibizwa ithengiswe 4 amathani metal kuwufanele $ 50 million. Ngemva kwalokho, phakathi neminyaka engu-10, ugodle wezwe abephule futhi agcwaliswa amathani 20 kuphela igolide. Manipulation kuqala ekusetshenzisweni kwempahla ziye ngoMay 2014. Ngemva nje kwenyanga National Bank of Ukraine sekudayiswe angaba ngu-2,8 noma izinkulungwane 90 troy namagremu metal for ingqikithi $ 113 million. I stock yezwe lancipha 40 wamathani. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi isikhathi ukuqaliswa ensimbini eyigugu likhethwe ngeshwa kakhulu.

Ezigcina igolide Ukraine

Ngo-September 2015, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, inani legolide igodla Ukraine kwaba mayelana 40 amathani ensimbini eyigugu. Ngo-October 2014 uhulumeni wombuso uthethe isinqumo kabusha ukuthengisa imali yabo. Ngenxa manipulation esiqiwini lancipha 14 amathani ensimbini eyigugu. Inhloko-National Bank of Ukraine wathi ukuthi isinqumo esisenzile ngenxa yesimo sezomnotho esinzima. Imfuneko ukuze "igolide ukudayiswa" kwaba isidingo ukunciphisa ivolumu yayo eqondile 7% ukuze ulinganisele zigcine igolide. Izazi zilinganisela uthathe leso sinyathelo njengoba yenza ngokuphelelwa yithemba, njengoba "ukuphepha isiguqo" yezwe wathengiswa cishe ngokuphelele, hhayi at the best amanani. A ukuphambuka ezibalweni. Ngo-2011, intengo metal ophuzi kwaba mayelana 1850 zamadola ounce ngayinye. Ngesikhathi lapho zigcine igolide Ukraine bengavumelani ngesando, intengo yezimpahla ahluka $ 1,200. Ngesikhathi lapho ye-Ukraine sasibizwa ngokulingene izinqolobane zabo ngokuthengisa yefa, emazweni amaningi futhi kwenziwe kabusha izinqolobane, kodwa kuphela ngezithukuthuku ukonga. Ochwepheshe bengayeki ukusho ukuthi ekupheleni konyaka Ukraine ungakwazi futhi yiyo yonke igolide, kusukela esikhathini esingaphansi nje konyaka wakwazi ukuthengisa cishe ngokuphelele yayo reserve eziphuthumayo.

Okuholela ekuncipheni okusheshayo yegolide?

Exchange Foreign izinqolobane aqhubeka behla ngokushesha. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-tranches IMF zivalelwa, kuyilapho isidingo sokukhokhela izikweletu zangaphandle kanye negesi lahlala ebusika. Esimweni esibucayi ezweni ubeka yokuthi aphume 1.6 amaRandi, eziyingxenye zigcine igolide manje Inani eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-2,6 - lwemali angaphandle ezifakwa kufaka phakathi ama-akhawunti. Lesi sakamuva, njengoba umthetho, kuzoba ibhange akuyona esingaphezu konyaka. Esikhathini esiningi, kodwa zibe sebuthweni lezokuvikela igolide Ukraine kwakheka izibambiso nge inani $ 9 billion. Ukuhlala kwezigidi eziyinkulungwane - intengo amathani 26 egolide. Thengisa izibambiso amanani nenzuzo kakhulu kungase kungabi lula kangaka, njengoba isakhiwo iphothifoliyo yokutshala izimali emazweni sitheza umphakathi. inombolo ekhathazayo enkulu amahemuhemu mayelana ukuthi izibambiso Okwamanje basonta isigaba kwempahla ketshezi, ngaleyo ndlela abakwazi ithengiswe emakethe.

Yini esongela Ukraine ngo-2015?

Uma sicabanga ukuthi zigcine igolide Ukraine zithutha off iziphathimandla ezintsha, futhi tranches kusukela IMF is akulindelekile, kuba sobala ukuthi ukugwema okunye igolide yokuthengisa nje azanele. I izibikezelo okubi kakhulu basikisela ukuthi ekupheleni konyaka zigcine igolide yezwe ngeke lidlule ku- $ 4.5 bhiliyoni. Kukhona ezintathu kuphela okukhethwa kukho izenzakalo bengayeki ukuba kubhekwe izazi zomhlaba ekukhuleni komnotho wezwe kukhona.

• Uhulumeni Ukrainian ngeke ngithathe izinyathelo ezinqala ukuze kabusha imigomo yezomnotho, kuhlanganise ukuziphatha zonke ezidingekayo ku IMF hlelo kabusha. Lokhu kuzokwenza kube imfuneko resumption of inkece Isikhwama futhi ugweme nezikhathi ezinzima.
• Ukraine angase amemezele ezenzakalelayo on izikweletu yangaphandle futhi makudle a Ukuwohloka ephelele igolide yayo izinqolobane.
• I simo neze - kungcono ukungenela kukaNkulunkulu. Kusuke kunethemba lokuthi isimo ngeke ukusiza abanye isimo esikhulu futhi kuphumelele, okuzokwenza ukuxazulula zonke izinkinga, hhayi bafe izikhulu kanye namasekela imibuthano ukuza.

Mhlawumbe wonke elahlekile?

Ezigcina igolide Ukraine ngoba lamuhla amathani 26. Ngemva global ethengisa-off nesabelo phakathi no-ekwindla kakade ulwazi kuze kube sekupheleni konyaka kwabezindaba ukuthi Reserve Bank wakwazi kancane ukwandisa dolobha. Ngokusho izibalo ezisemthethweni, ekupheleni Januwari 2015, ivolumu igolide wezwe zaba cishe abayizigidi ezingu-0.77 awunsi ngokumelene Disemba sibalo eziyizigidi ezingu-0.76 awunsi. Ungase uthi ukuthi dollar imigomo izinqolobane Ukrainian egolide Januwari 2015 Avuka 911.09 laya ezigidini ezingu-967.25 zamadola. Inhloko ye- National Bank of Ukraine Uthe yize izibikezelo, paneer uhulumeni ukwandisa yegolide Ukraine 2015 kuya ku-15-dollar ayizigidi eziyinkulungwane.

Isimo langempela

Ezigcina igolide Ukraine sinyamalale cishe ngokuphelele ngenxa emikhulu ethengisa-uhulumeni. Kakade ngo-January 1, 2015, ngokusho idatha esemthethweni ye National Bank yegolide zaba 7,533 dollar ayizigidi eziyinkulungwane. Kungakapheli nonyaka "isiguqo wezimali" washelela ngo-60%. Ngokwe NBU wathi ngokuthi ukuncipha ilungiselelo $ 2.4 bhiliyoni ngoDisemba wedwa uchaza Dynamics buyiselo izikweletu egesi ezivela eRussia. Umthelela ezabelweni kwadingeka kokusebenzisa NBU, ngenxa ngalo ithengiswe izimali zakwamanye amazwe e-imali eyizigidi ezingu-831 zamaRandi. Izimali in inani $ 738 million. Waya sokukhokhwa kwesikweletu zangaphandle. Lezi izibalo kakade zihlanganisa nokuthi Ukraine lithole usizo imali eyizigidi ezingu-767 zamaRandi, zazo $ 617 izigidi ezingu babevela European Commission, $ 20 million - .. Lokhu usizo neBhange Lomhlaba kanye $ 130 izigidi ezingu alethwe ukudayiswa izimali zakwamanye amazwe kumasheya ezindawo zikahulumeni ..

ukuhluleka uhulumeni

Uma ucabangela umbuzo okwenzeka zigcine igolide Ukraine, kuyafaneleka athi nje ngonyaka odlule, ukufinyelela Selilonke ngesikhathi khona isimo, namuhla bawela omunye kuvumela zomlando. Isimo akunakubangelwa bomnotho, futhi izenzakalo ezenzeka mpumalanga yezwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, asikwazi ukusola ngokuphepha isimo hhayi kuphela inhloko yabangamashumi NBU, kodwa futhi wonke uhulumeni. Encwadini umnotho Friend, lapho wonke amazwe, kuhlanganise naseRussia, elihlala kude isimo enviable, ukwandisa izinqolobane zabo ukuze aqinise lwemali kazwelonke, yegolide Ukraine liqhubeka lincipha. NBU akakwazi ukubhekana nemisebenzi yayo ngqo - ukonga kanye ekuqongeleleni izinqolobane ngamazwe.

"Ngamnyama" kusukela ukuphumula

izibalo Umhlaba abonisa ukuthi igolide ukuthenga ngonyaka odlule emhlabeni lenyuke kusuka 400 amathani 500. Lolu lwazi olunikezwa Umhlaba Igolide Council, esemgwaqweni e-London. Phakathi igagasi yokuthengisa metal e-Ukraine lesibili ngenkuthalo laqhubeka lenyuka Holdings zabo lamazwe ezifana Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Mauritius. Izwe kuphela emhlabeni, ngaphezu Ukraine, okuye kwanciphisa igolide yayo izinqolobane - lena eMexico. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zigcine lwemali yezwe liwela ongaphakeme eyishumi, futhi namuhla abakha abangu-26-dollar ayizigidi eziyinkulungwane. Isizathu sokuba lo mkhuba ilula: uhulumeni wombuso unqume ukusiza inkampani "Naftogaz Ukraine" ukubuyela ka Eurobonds ngezimali ukungenisa izinto zokubasa ezimbiwa phansi-EU. Izenzo uhulumeni, noma ayingxenye inqubomgomo ngamabomu kodwa ezifihliwe zokululama komnotho, noma imbangela ukuhluleka ngokugcwele emkhakheni wezezimali. Enye isimo nhlobo incazelo.