Dialectics ifilosofi: ebaluleke kakhulu

I wesayensi oyinkimbinkimbi wayebiza ifilosofi ngokuthi, kunezinhlobo ezahlukene izindlela cognition nokufunda, kanye inqwaba yemibono. Omunye obujwayelekile imfundiso yokuziphendukela dialectics, noma, ngokuvumelana definition yesayensi, imfundiso yokuziphendukela ukuthuthukiswa zonke izinto emhlabeni futhi indlela zefilosofi kwezindlu kusekelwe kuyo. Ngosizo dialectics ososayensi bayakwazi kwakuthiwa ufunde izici ezihlukahlukene ngokoqobo (daba, umoya, ukuqaphela kanye cognition), kanye nentuthuko yabo. I dialectic wefilosofi ikhombisa kukhombisa le nqubo ayo (dialectical) imithetho, izigaba kanye nezimiso - njengoba kuqhathaniswa Metaphysics, okuyinto study into ethile ngesikhathi esithile futhi esimweni esithile.

Ochwepheshe uqaphele ukuthi kungenzeka ukuba zisungule inkinga eyisisekelo kwemfundiso yokuziphendukela ngale ndlela: "Kuyini ukuthuthukiswa?". Dialectics unesibopho - ukuthuthukiswa ibizwa ngokuthi esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu ngezinto impahla yayo evamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, futhi lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu, esinazo emqondweni ukuthuthukiswa hhayi kuphela mechanical (ukwanda ngobukhulu), kodwa futhi ehlakaniphile, okusho ukudluliselwa ndaba ezingeni elilandelayo yenhlangano. Dialectics ifilosofi futhi kusho ukuthuthukiswa njengoba uhlobo ukunyakaza, kodwa icacisa - ukuthuthukiswa akunakwenzeka ngaphandle lokhu ukunyakaza. I dialectics usebenza ngokuhambisana eziningi imithetho, okungukuthi, umgomo othile, indoda nangentando yakhe ukuba bazibuse, phinda ukuxhumana phakathi kwayo yonke inyama sekufikile empeleni ngaphakathi balezi zikhungo. Le mithetho zijwayelekile, kudingekile oqine, esehlanganise zonke izindawo ngokoqobo futhi embule izisekelo ubuhlobo ukunyakaza nokuthuthukiswa ensimini yabo ijulile kakhulu. Kepha Metaphysics, ukuthuthukiswa (nemithetho yayo), kungaqali nganoma iyiphi indlela ezithinta.

Dialectics ifilosofi uqondiswa ngokuyinhloko umthetho ubunye kanye umzabalazo eziphikisanako, ogama incazelo itholakala lokuthi ukuthi empeleni konke okukhona ubunye eziphikisanako, okuyinto basesimeni kuyimpi. Isibonelo okuphawuleka kakhulu umthetho dialectical isinyathelo ngosuku nobusuku, intsha nokuguga, ihlobo nobusika, futhi akukhona kuphela ubunye umzabalazo zalezi zimiso, kodwa njalo ukunyakaza kwabo yangaphakathi nokuthuthukiswa. Eyesibili umthetho dialectics - kwathatha ushintsho qualitative izinguquko ambalwa. Okokuqala, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi umqondo we izinga kusho izinhlelo esitebeleni izixhumanisi ezithile futhi into izici, kuyilapho iningi - into imingcele ethize efana lingakanani kanye nesisindo, usayizi nevolumu. Ngokungafani Metaphysics, dialectics ifilosofi ngokuthi sigcina empeleni kungenzeka ekushintsheni izinga e izinguquko ambalwa. Isibonelo lo mthetho Ukushisa amanzi lapho okwandisa nemingcele ambalwa (lokushisa) kancane kancane kuholele ushintsho izinga amanzi nemingcele (liyoba ashisayo). Ngokuphathelene umthetho kuphikisa ka kuphika, essence yayo itholakala definition elula: konke entsha engenayo esikhundleni, esemdala ophika lokhu, kodwa kancane kancane iba endabeni yokuzithiba ekuphikeni ngisho entsha. Izibonelo lo mthetho - ushintsho izizukulwane, inqubo nsuku zonke lilokhu libuna amaseli omzimba kanye kumiswa amasha.

Abanye ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi dialectic kuyingxenye ebalulekile, ogxile isakhiwo kanye umsebenzi wefilosofi. Izimiso zalo eziyinhloko - izimiso yokuxhumana jikelele, ukungaguquguquki kanye causality, kanye isimiso historicism. Kusukela umbono kokubili dialectic kanye ifilosofi yokuxhumana jikelele - kuba ubuqotho emhlabeni, ngobunye bayo kwangaphakathi futhi interconnectedness. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyinto nawubuka ledzingekako zonke izingxenye zomhlaba futhi ngokoqobo, okungukuthi, zonke izinto, izenzakalo futhi izinqubo. Uma sikhuluma ngezizathu, into futhi zonke ifilosofi kuphela dialectic iyona izixhumanisi, iyunifomu, odlulayo komunye nomunye, labo lapho omunye kudala ezahlukene futhi aphelele. Kungaphawulwa ukuthi dialectic futhi Metaphysics ifilosofi ezimbili neengcezu yenqubo esisodwa esikhulu cwaningo.