Kuyini ye-journalism? Ukuzimisela, izinhlobo lesibonwa

Zikhona amaphuzu amaningana ekubukeni yini journalism. The Big encyclopedic Dictionary ithi lolu hlobo imisebenzi enikelwe izenzakalo zokuphila emphakathini wanamuhla, izinkinga zayo zangempela. Lokhu kusho ukuthi hhayi kuphela izihloko komagazini nasemaphephandabeni kungaba lesibonwa.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi Big isichazamazwi emlandweni e oluchaza ukuthi yini journalism, washo loku okulandelayo: kungaba khona yini kuphela ngesimo ngamazwi (kokubili etemlomo nalabhalwako), kodwa iconographic (ubuqili, isathaya poster, i-movie, isithombe) idrama zomculo ezigcawugcawu.

"Boris Godunov" by Pushkin - journalism?

Ngomqondo - Yebo. Phela, ngisho ngesikhathi Pushkin, Isendlalela sale drama waba focus zezombusazwe. Umbhali kuqhathaniswa isimo setepolitiki kuleli zwe ngaleso sikhathi.

Kodwa nokho, "Boris Godunov" - omuhle wobuciko. Leli akulona journalism Russian e injalo elicwengekileyo. Lo msebenzi kufanele uyiswe zemibhalo. Ngakho-ke, definition kwethu yini journalism, kodwa azikwazi kubhekwe oluphelele. Kumele kwahambisana, unezela intuthuko.

Ngokungafani izincwadi journalism

Kumele ukuthi izincwadi isebenzisa eqanjiwe. Lwenza namaqhawe, ezazingekho ngokoqobo oyibamba ngokuya oqanjiwe. Kodwa journalism kumelwe nakanjani kube ezisekelwe emaqinisweni real. kokuqagela lombhali kungaba nokungapheleli esakuzuza wakhe, kodwa kuphela njengengxenye Kuyiqiniso owaziwa kahle kubo bonke. Ngokufaka lokhu ukucaciseleka, sizobe uthole impendulo olunzulu umbuzo mayelana nokuthi iyiphi journalism.

Izinhlobo of journalism

Zonke izinto ezihlobene ke, kungaba adiliza ngokuvumelana nezici ezithile, esekelwe lapho amaqembu ejwayelekile ezintathu ezilandelayo bachazwa:

1. Imininingwane - mbiko, mbiko, izingxoxo, inothi - ihlanganisa umcimbi isenzakalo ukukhuluma. abavame ukusebenza kwi ulwazi elula esuka umthombo. Umsebenti wabo oyinhloko ngokushesha wazise ngalokhu noma lowo mkhuba, amaqiniso. Novelty - esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu kolwazi izinhlobo.

2. Analytical - okuphenya nokubika, amazwana, inguqulo, izihloko, ukubuyekezwa, cindezela ukubuyekeza, ukubuyekeza, nencwadi evulekile - bahlanganiswa zihlolisisa isimo amaqiniso, kanye nesifundo esinzulu zokuphila kwanamuhla. Intatheli, ukudala lezi zinto, ihlaziya, zamagama engokoqobo. Yena ubola ibe izingxenye zayo abamelwe lomkhuba kophenyo, zitadishe kubo ngokuningiliziwe, ihlukanisa ezibalulekile ezivela secondary, ezibalulekile kusukela inessential. Ngemva kwalokho, wenza izincomo, okwenza izinto ngokuvamile netiphetfo.
3. Yobuciko futhi lesibonwa izinhlobo - indzaba, izono, ingxoxo, dweba, iphamfulethi, lampoon, sakhuluma ngesiqubulo, ukubayisigebengu, lelandzisako lesibonwa, indaba lesibonwa. Basuke izimpawu ukuthayipha, isithombe, imiva ngokomzwelo futhi saturation sitayela izici ngokolimi, luzwakala. Bona bodokotela Eqinisweni zivame ukufiphala ubala. Umbhali kubaluleke kakhulu ukunqoba leli qiniso noma mkhuba.

yokuhlanganisa izinhlobo

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-journalism lanamuhla elinesimo zithambekele interpenetration, yokuhlanganisa izinhlobo. Uhlobo, egcwele okuqukethwe okusha, ukuthatha amafomu amasha, kodwa akukho izinguquko ezinkulu akuzona ngokuvamile babhekane nako. Noma kunjalo, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abanye izitayela ezintsha aguqulwa ibe uhlobo ahlukene. Njengoba isibonelo, i-eseyi.

Izici Tindzaba

Kucatshangwa, sizalwa isifiso umlobi cabanga tebuciko, zomlando, ezombusazwe kanye nezimiso zokuziphatha nezindaba ngokusebenzisa umuntu othile, samuntu. Lokhu uhlobo ikuvumela ukuba wenze futhi ubufakazi obuqinisekisa umbono kombhali eziphelele kakhulu abonisa imizwelo emphilweni kanye nemiva yakhe. Eseyi art ngesikhathi esifanayo libhekene ngokuthayipha isithombe, kanye umbono zefilosofi kohlaziyo ka lale ndaba akhuluma ngayo.

Indaba

Ngaphansi lo mqondo kusho okwakuvela ohlotsheni olukhethekile lwenkanyezi izincwadi, esimelela empambana izincwadi temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba kwezenhlalo nakwezombangazwe. Kuhlanganisa feuilleton, yokubika, indzaba, iphamfulethi, nabanye. Njengoba journalism ukubhinqa, ubuciko is igcwele umoya zokuphikisana, noma ukuchema kuzo. Nokho, kunomehluko obalulekile phakathi kwazo. Ihlaya antjintje hleka, kuyilapho journalism art - umphakathi nomlomo.