CMD liyayala: ohlwini, incazelo kanye isicelo. Uxhumano imiyalo CMD

Abasebenzisi abaningi be-PC kungukuthi ebhekene isidingo ukusebenzisa umyalo CMD. Abaningi bamane bantule izici olunikezwa uhlelo lokusebenza of igobolondo ezibukwayo. Nokho, kunezimo lapho kudingeka ukuba bangasizakali ohlelweni ngqo, kulapho into iza umugqa wemiyalo.

Uyini umugqa wemiyalo

Le software, okuyinto ingxenye ejwayelekile uhlelo software. CMD inikeza umsebenzisi ithuba ukusebenza ohlelweni futhi amafayela ngqo. Isicelo has a esibonakalayo tigcile ekusebentiseni ematheksthi, futhi umphumela wayo ibonakala esikrinini. Uma sikubeka kalula, umugqa wemiyalo ihumusha izicelo umsebenzisi ku ifomu uhlelo eqondakalayo. Ngaphandle Yiqiniso, lolu hlelo ibheka umsebenzisi isilinganiso engazazi kakhulu, kodwa enezinto eziningi izakhiwo ezinhle, futhi ngaphandle-ke ingxenye ngokushesha ezibukwayo. Umugqa wemiyalo yakhiwe kuyo yonke nguqulo yesistimu yokusebenza Windows.

Izindlela umugqa wemiyalo isiqalo

okusebenza onjiniyela kumele bacabange eziningana izindlela ekuqaleni le CMD:

• Yiya kwimenyu Qala / onkhe / Landelayo ohlwini ukuze ukhethe "Yala Yazisa".
• Yiya kwimenyu Qala, ukhethe "Run" e ewindini elivelayo, faka string CMD.exe. Inselele iwindi "Run" okungukuthi zingenza nge inhlanganisela okhiye Win R.
• Iya kufolda uhlelo C: \ Windows \ system32 bese ukhetha uhlelo CMD.exe.

CMD umyalo

Iningi imiyalo ezibaluleke kakhulu kungenzeka uthole umyalo Usizo. Ngemuva kokufaka nombuzo izovela CMD Windows umyalo ngolwazi mayelana nezindlela zabo kwesicelo. Bonke zingahlukaniswa zibe eziningana mikhulu amaqembu. ukuzihlukanisa kwabo kwenzeka ngesisekelo kwezicelo. Ngokwesibonelo, CMD umyalo kwethulwa asetshenziswe imiyalo. Ngezansi ethulwa yibo ezivamile. Yibo futhi kudingekile kakhulu imiyalo CMD umugqa.

Nemiyalo eyisisekelo ukusebenza lwemibhalo uhlelo

Lo myalo uhlu okungukuthi ewusizo uma isidingo ukufinyelela amafolda losendzaweni ku yakho uhlelo:

• Izikhombisi-ndlela - inikeza ithuba lokubona ifolda njengoba uhlu. Ngosizo olungeziwe womyalelo izinhlu ngemibandela ungakwazi ukuhlunga eziningi nemingcele.
• RD - inikeza ikhono ukukhipha uhla lwemibhalo engadingeki. Nge izinketho eziningi, ungacacisa sokunquma ukususwa, isibonelo, ususe amafolda amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa.
• MD - umyalo kudala ifolda entsha (lwemibhalo). ongakhetha abahlukahlukene ukuba ukwazi ukudala izinhlu ezahlukene.
• CD - inikeza ikhono bahamba ngezinyawo besuka kwenye lwemibhalo kwenye, futhi kwezinye izimo, kudingeke ukuba usebenzise bokhulunyiwe.
• XCopy - ukukopisha amafolda ngaphandle kokushintsha isakhiwo sabo. Ngokungafani Kopisha leli qembu inezici okuthuthukile. CMD ngalesi sicelo zingenziwa operation ngokwanele nezimo.
• Tree - inikeza ikhono ukubonisa lwemibhalo ifomu sokuqhafaza. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, isibonisi kwenzeka mbumbulu.
• Move - wabasebenzisa bobabili ukuba abashukumise futhi ukushintsha igama ifolda. Ithimba unika ikghono ngesikhathi, kumafolda amaningi.

imiyalo Basic nokusebenza ngamafayela

Lezi imiyalo ifayela CMD kungabasiza abasebenzisi eziningi kangaka PC:

• del - umyalo isetshenziswa ukususa. Ingasetshenziselwa ukususa amafayela kokubili single futhi amaningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukuba susa bavunyelwe ukufunda amafayela kuphela;
• hlela - nomyalo eqala sombhalo;
• ren - ikuvumela ukuba ushintshe igama lefayela. Ungase futhi usebenzise kabusha;
• ukuhambisa - isetshenziswa ukuba abashukumise futhi ukuqamba kabusha ifayela ;
• ikhophi con - ikuvumela ukudala entsha ifayela;
• fc - ikuvumela ukuba uqhathanise lokho amafayela amabili. Umphumela liwuphawu livela, esinikela ngolwazi isimo ukuqhathanisa;
• uhlobo - kusebenza umbhalo imibhalo. Kwenziwa umyalo okukhiphayo okuqukethwe kwesikrini ifayela;
• ikhophi - ikuvumela ukuba ukopishe bese uhlangane amafayela.

Amathimba ukuze kuhlonzwe kohlelo ujantshi nekhompyutha

Ngaphandle zonke izinzuzo ngenhla, CMD imiyalo ukuze afeze amasheke amaphutha hard drive noma ukushintsha amalebula amavolumu, kanye ukwenza defragmentation.

• Compact - umyalo ikuvumela ukuba sibonise futhi ulungise kokucindezelwa kohlelo ifayela NTFS. Ngalesi umyalo ungagcina abalulekile sediski.
• Ifomethi - ukufometha nom iflophidiski. Phawula Ukufometha kuzosusa ngokuphelele yonke idatha kwabezindaba.
• Chkdisk - ukuskena futhi sibonise ulwazi mayelana abezindaba. Ithimba uzofunda mayelana isikhala ehlasela, inombolo yezindawo kumabubulo okubi njalo njalo.
• Fsutil - inikeza ulwazi mayelana uhlelo ifayela futhi likuvumela uyishintshe.
• Chkntfs - ikuvumela ukuba ubonise futhi ulungiselele disk isheke ngesikhathi ekuqaleni kuze Windows.
• Guqula - elikuvumela ukuguqula uhlelo eyodwa ifayela kolunye. Akunakwenzeka ukushintsha uhlobo umthamo esebenzayo noma disk.
• Phinda - umyalo ukuze alulame idatha kusuka obonakele abezindaba. Le nqubo kwenzeka ngezinga lokufunda elilodwa wemboni ngezindawo. Ukufunda kuphela kuleyo mikhakha senzeka kuyiphi ungase ucabangele. Idatha ngokomzimba elise imikhakha abathintekayo, buyobuyiselwa. Ngokuvamile encishisiwe, ngaleyo ndlela, amadokhumenti wombhalo kusukela onakele amadiski floppy.
• Diskpart - ikuvumela ukuvula idatha disc futhi sifeze kulungiselelwa oyifunayo.
• Vol - inikeza ulwazi hard drive nenombolo ye-serial.
• Ilebula - esetshenziselwa ivolumu wokubuka nokuhlela amalebula. Qaphela ukuthi i- izinhlelo ifayela FAT32 igama ivolumu awakwazi ukuba nezinhlamvu ezingaphezu kuka-11, ezingu-32 futhi NTFS.

ithimba Imininingwane

Lolu hlobo imfundo izokunikeza ulwazi mayelana izinguqulo, ukucupha, nabashayeli ezifakiwe:

• ver - inikeza ulwazi mayelana version kohlelo ngokusebenzisa umyalo CMD, Windows 7 futhi isekela lesi sicelo;
• driverquery - ikuvumela ukubuka ulwazi mayelana abashayeli efakwe; Namabalazwe kungenzeka ngesimo uhlu, ethebulini nobe CSV;
• systeminfo - inikeza ulwazi mayelana uhlelo ukucupha. Ukucupha ingabonwa kokubili zendawo kukhompyutha yesilawuli kude ethimbeni esifanayo inikeza izakhiwo pack inkonzo.

izinqubo kanye nokuphathwa isicelo amaqembu

Imiyalo ukulawula futhi lushintshe imingcele yokusebenza kohlelo:

• ukuvala shaqa - umyalo isetshenziswa ukuvala shaqa, ukuqalisa phansi, noma ukubeka ikhompyutha yakho kumodi yokulala. Uma unamalungelo umsebenzisi kudingekile kungenzeka ukuba afeze izilungiselelo ukude;
• isikhathi - isetshenziswa ukubonisa futhi ushintshe isikhathi samanje;
• Usuku - lisetshenziselwa babonise kanye ukushintsha idethi yamanje;
• tasklist - inikeza umsebenzisi uhlu izinqubo ezisebenza okwamanje PC zendawo noma esikude;
• schtasks - ikuvumela ukudala, ukumisa noma ukususa imisebenzi okuhleliwe ohlelweni lokusebenza. I GUI ithimba wethule uhlelo "iSihleli Semisebenzi";
• taskkill - isetshenziswa ukuqedela inqubo esebenzisa izihlonzi noma amagama nokwenziwayo. Sebenzisa imali emuva Windows XP.

A womyalelo izilungiselelo

Leli qembu imiyalo kuhlobene ukubeka CMD umsebenzi. Amathimba kuyosiza ekususeni kwesikrini, uguqule ukubukeka kwayo, njalo njalo:

• Phuma - ikuvumela ukuvala packet data noma ukuvala ngokushesha umyalo.
• Umbala - inikeza ikhono ukushintsha umbala wesizinda noma ifonti in the ifasitela lesikhuthazimiyalo. Umbala isethwe idijithi shestnadtsetirichnoy. I MSB limelela ukugqama, kanti elandelayo - umbala. Okuzenzakalelayo okungukuthi ezimhlophe izinhlamvu kwi black background.
• Isihloko - ikuvumela ukuba ushintshe igama CMD.exe iwindi.
• CMD - ikuvumela ukuba uqale entsha Windows umugqa wemiyalo notolika. Ngokuvamile kuba nesidingo kuleli qembu, uma ufuna sahlulele lezi izilungiselelo CMD.
• Yazisa - it ikuvumela ukuba ushintshe ukubingelela umugqa wemiyalo. Uma usebenzisa umyalo ungenabala agumenti, umbhalo isimemo kuyoba: idrayivu zamanje, lwemibhalo, futhi uphawu "ngaphezulu."

Uxhumano imiyalo CMD

Kubasebenzisi abaningi, isidingo imibuzo idatha ezingavamile kakhulu, kodwa ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi lezi amakhodi zisiza kakhulu uma usebenza nge-computer:

• getmac - umyalo inikeza ulwazi mayelana ikheli hardware we NIC. Kulokhu, ungathola amakheli kokubili zendawo kude;
• netsh.exe - Ithimba isebenza ukuvula esinye umugqa. Nayo ungakwazi ukugcina izilungiselelo zenethiwekhi yakho uma kunesidingo. Abasebenzisi abaningi abanolwazi ukuthola lolu hlelo lubaluleke. Ukuze uthole usizo mayelana nemiyalo udinga ukubhala ngayo uphawu lombuzo;
• ipconfig - inikeza ukwaziswa izilungiselelo olandelwayo. Ngezinye izikhathi ikuvumela ukuba ubuyekeze idatha ngokuzenzakalelayo. Okudala wokusebenza kungenzeka ukusekela umsebenzi umyalo CMD;
• the nbtstat - main injongo iqembu - okukhiphayo NetBt. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ukubonisa amagama okuqukethwe;
• netstat.exe - Lolu lwazi umyalo ekhombisa mayelana noxhumo. idatha lokukhipha sikwazi ukubona zonke nolwazi oluphathelene zenethiwekhi yezifiso.

Kubalulekile nokukhumbula ukuthi, ngaphezu miyalo inethiwekhi, kukhona ezinye azosiza lula okuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzisi. Khumbula ukuthi udinga ukusebenzisa le miyalo kuphela uma kukhona bathembela ngumenzi imisebenzi. nokusebenzisa kabi CMD umyalo kungaholela izinkinga ezingathi sína ukusebenza kwe-computer siqu.

Uhlu imiyalo ewusizo

Ngaphezu imiyalo ngenhla, kukhona omningi amaphuzu:

• aphambane - umyalo ikuvumela ukuba unike amandla ukucutshungulwa okhiye CTRL + C;
• kokulungisa amaphutha - siqala ithuluzi iziphazamiso nezinye izinguquko isofthiwe;
• devcon - umyalo iphelela, enye imenenja umsebenzi;
• exe2bin - Ithimba kuphendukela Exe format izicelo kanambambili format;
• Igama lomethuleli - inikeza ithuba ukuthola igama ikhompyutha;
• logoff - iqembu zokuphuma-Windows.

Konke umyalo CMD kuzokwenza kube lula umsebenzi nabathile software. Into esemqoka akukona ukuthi uzame ukusebenzisa izicelo injongo yabo ehlosiwe ukuze ugweme ukulahlekelwa ulwazi olubalulekile, kanye nezinye imiphumela engathandeki.