Brown Bear: iDemo incazelo, isisindo, isayizi. Imikhuba ye Ibhere elinsundu

Brown bear, incazelo emfushane iluphi okuzoxoxwa ngalo kulesi sihloko kuyinto owakhileyo ejwayelekile amahlathi uhlobo ehlathini. Kungatholakala kubhalwe cishe kulo lonke elaseRussia, ikakhulukazi eSiberia naseMpumalanga Ekude. Litholakala emahlathini coniferous, lezihlahla kanye okuxubile, ngisho kwezifunda zezintaba lamazwe ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi i-Central Asia ne eCaucasus. Ngakho, ukuze simbone: umnikazi we ehlathini Russian - the Ibhere elinsundu!

Incazelo emfushane ifomu

Ibhere elinsundu, noma abavamile - isilwane okuzingela, emelela bear umndeni. Njengamanje, ibhere elinsundu umhlaseli ngobukhulu izwe emhlabeni. Isikhathi ukuphila kwakhe endalweni ibalwa eminyakeni engu-30. In ekuthunjweni nomzingeli bangaphila iminyaka engu-50. Izazi zolimi bakholelwa ukuthi igama lesilo yakhiwa amagama amabili - ". Uju" "ophethe" futhi Futhi lokhu kuyaqondakala: naphezu bengabakaJehova le ezizingelayo, ibhere kuyinto umlandeli omkhulu we uju lumnandi futhi ngokuvamile izilwane omnivorous.

ukudla

Ukudla Clumsy ngu ¾ siqukethe ukudla isitshalo. Lena ezahlukene amajikijolo, amantongomane, acorns, izimpande kanye nezilimo eziyizigaxa zezitshalo. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye izilwane ukudla ngisho utshani. Eminyakeni mafutha amabhere ansundu njengoba izimpungushe, i-oats bephazamisa izitshalo ngaphansi ubisi yabo esiteji futhi corn izitshalo. Animal feed yakhiwa izinambuzane ezehlukene, izilwane ezihuquzelayo, izilwane eziphila emanzini nasezweni, sidla amagundane amancane, inhlanzi kanye, yebo, ezinkulu ungulates. Ngokwesibonelo, omunye kokukhubazeka giant ezingenamsebenzi igalelo ezinamandla ngezidladla clawed nail omdala-moose yakhe enkulu!

Ibhere elinsundu. OMFUSHANE INCAZELO zenyathi

Umehluko zezinombolo phakathi amabhere ansundu kakhulu kangangokuthi uma lezi zilwane zazitholakala oluthathwa zibe zinhlobo ahlukile. Okwamanje, bonke amabhere ansundu ehlangana ku umbono olulodwa, ngokuhlanganisa zenyathi eziningana noma izinhlanga womhlaba. Ngakho, ubheke Ibhere elinsundu:

• ojwayelekile (Eurasia noma European);
• California;
• eSiberia;
• satin;
• Gobi;
• grizzly noma Mexican;
• Tien Shan;
• Ussurian noma Japanese;
• Kodiak;
• Tibetan.

heavyweights giant

Njengoba wazi, Ibhere elinsundu, ukudalulwa kwalo okungahle sethula kulesi sihloko, iyona owande kakhulu Clumsy emhlabeni wonke. Nakuba ubizwa ngokuthi ensundu, ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi ababethi le umbala. Emvelweni, ungakwazi ukuhlangabezana futhi black and beige, nophuzi, ngisho amabhere lomlilo anemibala. Kodwa umbala uboya, sizobe ukukhuluma kamuva. Manje sinesithakazelo kwesikwenzayo osayizi yabo.

Usayizi lezi zilwane ezahlukene kuye ngokuthi ubulili babo, yobudala kanye ndawo. Kodwa abesilisa noma kunjalo kunangendlela nabesifazane futhi inesisindo 30% ngaphezulu. amabhere amaningi brown abe ukuphakama ngesikhathi buyabuna zokhahlamba kusuka ngamasentimitha 75 160. Ubude umzimba ngokuvamile zokhahlamba kusuka amamitha 1.6 kuya 2.9.

Isisindo Ibhere elinsundu encike ngqo kwi endaweni yawo. Omunye izilwane ezinkulu kunazo kukhona amabhere ezihlala eScandinavia, yebo, ezweni lethu. isisindo wabo 350 kilograms. awoyisekazi American, abahlala ogwini olusentshonalanga ye-USA, kanye ayehlala Canada ngezinye izikhathi nesisindo esingaba amakhilogremu angaphezu kuka-400 isisindo inetha. Qamba kubo - grizzly, noma mpunga.

Ibhere elinsundu, ubukhulu zazo emhlabeni abhekwa umxhwele, njengoba kutholakala endaweni zaseKamchatka ne-Alaska. Lapho, lezi izilwane ezidla ezinye nesisindo esingaba amakhilogremu angaphezu kuka-500. Kukhona amacala yokuzingela amabhere ansundu, mhlawumbe ukufinyelela isisindo 1 ton! Nokho, iningi lalezi heavyweights onoboya musa idlule 350 khilogremu okalwe. Umkhawulo eqoshiwe isisindo, isib, wenkosi bear kwaba 600 kilograms. Izilwane walondoloza eYurophu, mancane. Isisindo sawo ingeqi 90 amakhilogramu.

ukubukeka

Ibhere elinsundu, usayizi esesiye sacabangela ngenhla, has a evelele esifubeni emgqonyeni emise ezinamandla buyabuna okusezingeni eliphezulu (ukuphakama emahlombe). Gcina lokhu okukhulu, abade isiqu imilenze clawed yedwa flat. Ubude izimpiko zalesi giant ubuka zokhahlamba kusuka amasentimitha 8 kuya ku-12. Lezi zilwane abe umsila encane noma bengaholelwa nhlobo, njengoba ubude bayo ingeqi 21 amasentimitha.

Ubujamo brown bear ikhanda - round. Kwakuyisikhathi amehlo amancane ababuthakathaka-sekuqhamuke nezindlebe encane. Nomlomo - side futhi esiphongweni - okusezingeni eliphezulu. Umnikazi ehlathini Russian limbozwa noboya obukhulu namakhaladi nombala. Painting of amabhere ansundu, kanye nobukhulu bazo, has a imvelo oluyingozi. Konke kuncike kwendawo ezihlukahlukene lezi zilwane. Ngokwesibonelo, lo odumile amabhere grizzly kungaba ensundu ijazi esiliva tint. Ngenxa yalesi ngenhlanhla ngelika grey.

ukusabalala

Njengoba sekushiwo ngaphambili, uthela - a zasehlathini. Nalapha futhi, olwenzeka endaweni ejwayelekile, isibonelo, eRussia amahlathi okuqhubekayo nge esinindolweni aminyene utshani, izihlahla kanye izihlahla lezihlahla. Ibhere elinsundu, incazelo emfushane lapho esizoyicabangela kulesi sihloko itholakala emathafeni ase-nasemahlathini alpine. EYurophu lehla ngokushesha inani ethanda emahlathini asezintabeni, kodwa, isibonelo, i-Nyakatfo Melika ke ingatholakala Ezimfundeni eziphakeme emahlathini angasogwini.

Kwasukasukela lezi zilwane owakhiwe yonke iYurophu iyonke, kuhlanganise ne-Ireland nase UK, futhi eningizimu wonke ihlala ifinyelela Afrika satin ezintabeni. Ngasempumalanga lolu hlobo heavyweights onoboya kwakusakazwa ngokusebenzisa eSiberia futhi China Japan. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi leli North American amabhere ansundu babevela Asia iminyaka engaba ngu-40,000 edlule. Bakholelwa ukuthi lezi zilwane bakwazi ukuhambisa ngokuzimela yonkana iBering umhlaba ibhuloho, kokuba esezinzile entshonalanga Melika kusukela Alaska eMexico.

kulala kwasebusika

Njengoba yaziwa, bokuphila umbandela brown bear iwukuthi lezi zilwane amanga ebusika basebusika. Lokhu bakwenza ngo-Okthoba-December. Out ubuthongo basebusika bephuma entwasahlobo - ngoMashi. Ngokuvamile, iphupho nobusika heavyweights onoboya ingahlala kusuka 2 kuya ku-6 izinyanga. Konke kuncike zenyathi bear nokusuka iziphi izici zangaphandle. Ngokuthakazelisayo, ezindaweni iningi efudumele emhlabeni, uma i isivuno sasiyoba sikhulu yezithelo, izithelo kanye namabhere nuts ungahlali e umphandu.

Ukulungiselela sokulala

Ukuze ebusika yakhe Clumsy ziqala ukulungiselela kusukela phakathi ehlobo. Kuyinto Ibhere elinsundu! Incazelo ekuwulungiseleleni sokulala, cishe kwaziwe abantu abaningi, ngoba akukho imfihlo futhi akumangalisi lokhu. Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ngaphambi ukuqala kubanda badinga ukuthola indawo efanelekayo yokubeka yabo isiphephelo ubusika, ukuhlomisa futhi, yebo, wakha supply fat. Ngokuvamile, 'umhume bear engaphansi Kolodin futhi vyvorotnyami, ngaphansi izimpande omkhulu futhi omkhulu izihlahla - imisedari noma firs.

Ngezinye izikhathi lezi izilwane ezidla ezinye donsa a 'ngezingodo "ngokuqondile amawa ezisogwini emifuleni. Uma ngalesi sikhathi nebhere asitholanga yokucashela ngoba zabo isiphephelo ubusika, yena Ukuvubukula imbobo enkulu, bese uqinisa izindonga zawo thwi ophumile Amahlumela. Futhi amabhere ansundu yithela itheku ngenkathi ukugqiba futhi ukuzihlalela nezwe izinyanga ezimbalwa. Ngaphambi nje kokulala isilo, ukuze ahehe inombolo ezanele fat ongama, kahle wayephambanisa emikhondweni yabo uhlale eduze emgodini.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi olunzulu kakhulu futhi kuyasebenziseka, bear zinemiphandu zokuhlala komhlaba zibhekwa. Uma nomzingeli lucky Uyolala ebusika emhlabathini. Lezi zinemiphandu zitholakala ajulile futhi Clumsy ufudumale. Eduze kwesango ukungcola umphandu ungathola izihlahla ehlukahlukene kanye nezihlahla, Frosted luhlaza aphuzi. abazingeli abanolwazi bayazi ukuthi lokhu umbala unika ineyu umoya hot Clumsy.

ubuthongo

izilwane Adult ezimweni eziningi lapho engekho izinsuku ezibandayo zasebusika emihumeni abo bodwa. Vele athwale khono lingahlala lingasebenzi kanye lamawundlu-proshlogodkami. Ososayensi bebona ukuphila kulezi ezilwaneni eziyingozi (bheka. Photo of the Ibhere elinsundu kanye nencazelo indlela yakhe yokuphila), sifunde ukuthi kwezinye izindawo zomhlaba lapho asihambisani kahle ubusika ezindaweni kungekho amabhere wasebenzisa esifanayo eziningana abafuna izikhathi.

Kwezinye izindawo zinemiphandu ngokuvamile kungenziwa akhiwe iseduze nomunye, kuvela ukuthi into sona sifana nebhere "efulethini" ikhaya. Uma Nokho, ukukhethwa "amakota ebusika" Friend kakhulu, abanye amabhere ikakhulukazi impudent bephazamisa amakhaya zabanye abantu. Ngokwesibonelo, kwakunabantu besilisa abadala Ibhere elinsundu kungase saxosha kusukela congener emphandwini Vending buthaka ungahawukelanga.

Sleeping Ibhere elinsundu, curled up. Imilenze yakhe indluzelekazi ziya onomfutho kuya esiswini, futhi phambi kobuso ikhava. Phela, leli qiniso liye eyaqanjwa yezinganekwane eziningi nezaga, nakuba amabhere ncela isidladla ebusika. Lokhu akulona ngempela kuyiqiniso. Clumsy Yiqiniso, ngezikhathi ezithile, ngokuba isigaba esithile ebuthongweni, ukhotha ngezidladla zabo phambi, kodwa oncelayo yabo asihlobene ngokuphelele.

Ngokucophelela, induku!

Ososayensi bathi bear ubuthongo akakwazi ngokuthi eqinile. Phakathi ncibilika yesikhashana ukuvusa lezi ezizingelayo, ngisho ushiye kuze kuphele isikhathi sabo yokukhosela ebusika. Ngalesi sikhathi, uhambo Clumsy e ehlathini ebusika, uxove amathambo abo. Nakulokhu futhi babe abandayo, heavyweights enoboya waphinda wabuya wakhe wokuphephela, bafihle iminonjana kokuhlala kwawo ngaphandle emgodini. Nokho, le mikhuba zamabhere brown - kungcono izimbali!

Ngezinye izikhathi kuyenzeka ukuthi ezinye amabhere ngenxa yokungondleki kahle esikhathini ekwindla-ubusika ngeke azuze isisindo oyifunayo, thola futhi ukuhlomisa ekhaya lakho. Kulokhu, abazi baqamekela umphandu. Anginaso isikhathi buthelela adingekayo ukuze ukhululekile ebusika reserves fat ongama, isilwane nje abahambahamba emahlathini seqhwa, sengathi umphefumulo alahlekile. Abantu kulezi abafo abampofu ngokuthi "izinduku". Bear-induku - kuyingozi kakhulu nesilwane nolaka! Ngalesi sikhathi akukuhle ukuba bazibandakanye nhlobo, isilwane ngoba elambile kakhulu, ngendlela emangalisayo uthukuthele futhi ukuhlasela cishe nanoma yini enyakazayo.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha

Izinsikazi amabhere ansundu abelethe izikhathi 2 kuya ku-4 ngonyaka. yokukhwelana ngokuvamile uwela ngoMeyi, June nango-July. Ngalesi sikhathi kwabesilisa banolaka: baqala uyaduma ngezwi elikhulu, nge ezimpini ezimbi zenzeka phakathi kwabo, ngezinye izikhathi iphele kufa omunye wabangane amabhere. Ukukhulelwa azalela kwenzeka kusukela ezinsukwini 190 200. Ukuze kanye bakwazi ukuletha ukuze 5 amabhere nesisindo amagremu 600 ubude 23 amasentimitha.

yesizukulwane

izilwane Young eyazalwa iyimpumputhe, ne yene meatus sokuzwa futhi embozwe ezingavamile nezinwele ezimfishane. Ngemva kwamasonto amabili, amawundlu ziqala ukuzwa, futhi ngemva kwenyanga - ukubona. Zingakapheli izinsuku eziyi-90 emva kokuzalwa, zikhula wonke amazinyo ubisi, ngaleso sikhatsi bafundza bacala zidla amajikijolo, izitshalo nezinambuzane. Ngokuvamile, Ibhere elinsundu inzalo yesilisa engakathenjiswa umshado, nokuvusa abasha - akubona abesifazane. Bears ube ovuthiwe ngokocansi eminyakeni 3, kodwa bayaqhubeka bekhula kuze iminyaka 10.

Ibhere elinsundu. IRed incwadi

Ngeshwa, le uhlobo amabhere ohlwini ezisengozini njengoba isilwane, ezisengozini yokushabalala. Ngaleso sikhathi samanje ezindaweni eziningi futhi izifunda ukuzingela imbulunga kukhawulwe noma bavinjelwe ngokuphelele amabhere ansundu. Nokho, ukuzingela ngokungemthetho engakaze kukhanselwe. Bearskin ikakhulukazi esetshenziselwa okhaphethi, futhi inyama - ukulungiswa kokudla. Okunjalo nakhu obalulekile umdlalo izilwane - Ibhere elinsundu! incwadi Red lapho lolu hlobo carnivores enkulu yake ifakiwe, okwamanje ayisanyatheliswa. Kungenzeka ukuthi inani amabhere ku idatha ngalo kulo nyaka zizoshintsha kakhulu kukho okubi.