Amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo kakhulu mayelana amaplanethi yesimiso sonozungezilanga

Astronomy namuhla unesithakazelo zesikole hhayi kuphela. Ukuvula, ukwandisa ulwazi lwethu yendawo ezungezile, futhi zidonse ukunaka kwanoma abadala. Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo amaplanethi ezibekwe omagazini ethandwa. Lokhu akusona isimanga, ngoba ukutholakala imiphumela cwaningo isikhala izinto kwandisa isibalo ukwazi abafuna ukufunda okwengeziwe komkhathi enkulukazi yonke. Lokhu okulandelayo yizibonelo amaqiniso amangalisayo ezihlobene zesimiso sonozungezilanga.

ngezigaba

Zonke amaplanethi ejikeleza omise emhlabeni inkanyezi yethu, ihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili: labo eziphathelene imidondoshiya eliwumhlaba negesi. Ahluke isakhiwo, ubungako kanye namanye izici. Ukuze umhlaba iqembu kuhlanganisa ekhaya lethu, kanye Mercury, Venus ne-Mars. Iningi amaplanethi efakwe ohlwini yakhiwa silicates nezinsimbi. Ubukhulu yalezi zasemkhathini itsatfwa wawungaphansi Ubukhulu yamaRefa igesi, njengoba kungabonakala isihloko. Lezi zingozi zihlanganisa ama-Jupiter, i-Saturn, i-Uranus ne-Neptune. izinto Basic ukubunjwa yabo - hydrogen ne-helium. manje Pluto engalali isimo iplanethi futhi ihlobene inani Kuiper ibhande izinto - ofakazi ice kumiswa komthala wethu, elise esikhaleni ngale Neptune.

ebusweni Ezivamile

Ekuhloleni ulwazi mayelana imidondoshiya igesi zonke ukuphenduka silindele amaqiniso athakazelisayo. Mayelana amaplanethi amakhulukazi abaningi abawazi, futhi yonke imininingwane Kuyamangaza kwasekuqaleni ngoba esigcizelela umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwabo emhlabeni njalo.

Ungaqala nge yokuthi kulezi amaplanethi akukho surface ngomqondo evamile. I kwabantu lapha ongaphakeme ukuze akukho nomehluko ocacile phakathi kwezimfundiso emkhathini, kuye isiphuku sakhe sokuthunjwa futhi ekujuleni kwenhliziyo. Umngcele ebusweni ososayensi kwanqunywa kusukela ingcindezi yena kuphi ezingeni isethelwe Ibha eyodwa. Eqinisweni, kule ndawo futhi usinika ngezansi igesi ingxube.

nkosi wezilwandle

Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo le planethi Neptune ukuchaza ukuthi kungani waphiwa igama elinjalo. Engaphandle umzimba umbala - deep blue. umthunzi ekhangayo ezakhiwe izakhiwo methane efwini emkhathini elikhulu: ziba elibomvu-olintshi. Ngaphambi ukukhetha sokugcina igama wafakwa phambili ezimbalwa ongakhetha kuzo, kodwa ngemizamo omunye ukuthi bangabavumbululi iplanethi Urbena Lavery kanye nomqondisi we-laboratory we Pulkovo N. Ya. Struve yakhe washaya igama kolwandle-unkulunkulu wamaRoma.

Neptune, njengazo zonke imidondoshiya igesi kufanele iziphuphutheki. Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke lezi, Triton, abekho ngaphansi Nokho zingaphansi kwakhe ngobukhulu umxhwele giant igesi,. I-satellite ijikeleziswa kolunye uhlangothi emhlabeni ahlangene Neptune, it has emkhathini. Uma uyikha phezulu le, mhlawumbe, kukhona zamanje igesi iziphethu. Triton eningi ingxenye landscape kwakhiwa ice: i-methane, ammonia namanzi. Kugcine at ongaphakeme lokushisa sici satellite kuba nzima njengoba itshe futhi yakha lonke izintaba.

iplanethi eqandisiwe

Uranus ne-Neptune eyenani ice imidondoshiya, ngoba, njenge Triton, aqukethe esiningi inclusions eqandisiwe. Lokho kwenza amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo mayelana amaplanethi. Uranus kwaba ukutholakala yokuqala enkulu ngemva kokusungulwa kwesibonakude. Ngenxa yalokho yokutholakala lawo lashintshwa khona kwathiwa ukuqonda we -solar isakhiwo uhlelo, okuyinto eyaba khona kusukela endulo. Ngakho, amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo mayelana iplanethi Uranus:

• Negesi giant uzungeza emhlabeni eksisi ohlangothini nonstandard kusukela empumalanga kwaze kwaba sentshonalanga. Lesi sici Venus ngaphandle it has a isimiso sonozungezilanga kuphela.

• Le ndiza yenkabazwe planethi asivumelani ngokuqinile enalokho kuthambekela maqondana eksisi ujikeleza. I-engeli phakathi kwabo mkhulu kunezinhliziyo 90º, ngakho Uranium wasonta, like a ibhola ukuthi Rolls phansi. I lonke izwe zifana kulesi umqondo kuya phezulu.

• Njengazo zonke imidondoshiya igesi, i-Uranus uzungeza ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngesinye Yena udinga kancane kuka amahora 17.

• Iplanethi 27 iziphuphutheki, zonke yaqanjwa izinhlamvu eShakespeare and uPapa.

Primus kokunye Pares

Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo amaplanethi amakhulukazi Saturn kanye Jupiter owaziwa eliningi kakhulu, njengoba bebizwa engcono wafunda phakathi imidondoshiya of isikhala. Jupiter mass idlula izikhathi Umhlaba 318. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke sici - Elikhulu Red Spot, waphawula kusukela maphakathi nekhulu le-17. Ngokusho ososayensi, kuba omkhulu isiphepho-anticyclone. Ukuze sonke isikhathi kuze kube yilapho waphawula, endaweni uphendulela white ke futhi ukuthola ukukhanya. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa izibhelu njalo iziphepho emkhathini Jupiter sika.

Saturn liyaziwa indandatho uhlelo lwayo. By the way, zingabantu ngamunye giant, kodwa ukuthi Saturn has bhá. Ubuye esinye isici - ezakhiwe amafu emkhathini we-hexagon. Kucatshangwa ukuthi lokhu vortex, okubangelwa umehluko ijubane iplanethi amasongo alo. Nokho, kuze kube sekupheleni, ubunjalo imfundo, akucacile.

Nezimangaliso ezweni

Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo amaplanethi eduze nezethu, uhlukile igesi imidondoshiya of imilayezo ngenxa izici zawo ezahlukene. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ziba khona izikhathi ezifanayo. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Venus, efana Uranus uzungeza kwewashi. Ilanga liphuma entshonalanga lapha. Kodwa isikhalo mayelana eksisi iplanethi nenkungu ongumKristu uchitha isikhathi esiningi: ubude bemini idlula ubude konyaka. Kodwa amaqiniso ethakazelisayo iplanethi Venus ukuthi ayigcini:

• kungabonwa ngeso lenyama kabili, ekuseni nakusihlwa, ngemva ilanga nenyanga iphuzu bhá esibhakabhakeni;
• iplanethi ebusweni kufihliwe uyazibonela fu, hhayi transmissive yokukhanya ebonakalayo, ikakhulu ngenxa idatha Venus etholwe amasu radar;
• izinga lokushisa embulungeni yonke ifinyelela 480ºC futhi igcinwe cishe ingashintshiwe unyaka wonke;
• okuqukethwe okusezingeni eliphezulu-carbon dioxide emkhathini ukudala Amagesi Abamba Ukushisa Emkhathini ku Venus.

obomvu umakhelwane

Ucwaningo eliseduze Earth isikhala njalo olusha kanye amaqiniso athakazelisayo mayelana iplanethi i-Mars. Yitadisheni ngomqondo, waqala ngisho nangaphambi kwakukhona ithuba ukuthumela mkhathi lokuqala: a emkhathini ezimbalwa, zafinyelela on Mars kuye kwatholakala Emhlabeni. Iplanethi uhlala ngokuvumelana negama layo umbala hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi njalo eqinile uthuli iziphepho. Ahlala isikhathi kwezinyanga ezimbalwa futhi ikhava, efana neMpi Yezwe II, yonke le mbulunga.

Mars idume futhi iyintaba ephakeme kunazo zonke e zesimiso sonozungezilanga. Wabizwa ngokuthi iNtaba i-Olympus. It kunqoba ebusweni by engaphezu kwengu-20 km.

indlu bomdabu

Akulungile, sibhale amaqiniso ethakazelisayo amaplanethi, miss Earth. Phakathi kwezici zayo ezihlaba akuyona kuphela ukuphila endaweni enkulu ebusweni amanzi. Lena planethi yethu okuwukuphela kwayo ogama lakhe alihambisani yimuphi unkulunkulu wamaRoma noma isiGreki. umngane wakhe - the Moon - kwekulu phakathi kwawo wonke nabangane amaplanethi eliwumhlaba.

Amaqiniso amaningi ezithakazelisayo ngeplanethi enguMhlaba ngezinye izikhathi ezingaziwa ngisho izakhamuzi zakhona. Ngokwesibonelo, isisindo yomuntu incike indawo yayo: ukhula eSouth Pacific, kunciphe eningizimu yeNdiya. Lo mehluko wenza - enye yezinto eziyimpicabadala planethi.

emkhathini woMhlaba moya uvikele impilo kuso kusukela ngemiphumela yokukhishwa kwemisebe ultraviolet ama-solar wind. Negesi igobolondo kanye singangeni falling iningi emkhathini: bona emsini ezingqimbeni eliphezulu ngaphandle kokudala umonakalo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke ku-kobuso Blue Planet uthola amathani angaba ngu-100 ngothuli cosmic okubangelwa ukushayisana ka asteroyidi futhi emkhathini.

Nokho, lo mkhuba okurarako Zomhlaba - kusenzima ukuphila. Ukutadisha setha amaqiniso okuyinto wakwazi ukuqoqa ngendawo yonke, ososayensi, kuyasiza ukuqonda ukuthi Amazing yokuthi sikhona. expanses ezinkulu isikhala wafunda ithemba esingaphili endaweni ethile kude, mhlawumbe ngaphandle emthaleni, kunesinye impucuko, lincane kakhulu. Isifiso abanothando ukuthola ukuphila kwamanye amaplanethi, futhi umuzwa ojulile isizungu (abantu yonke) - bungamandla ukushayela ashukumisa izazi zezinkanyezi athole wonke amaqiniso amasha, thumela mkhathi, izimo design alien egunjini lokucwaninga esibhedlela.