Drake uMzila: incazelo, isithombe

Drake Sicephu elise Nenkabazwe oseningizimu. It yaqanjwa marque British kanye isihambi Francis Drake. Wayekhona ngekhulu XVI, ngomunye wabokuqala kwaba amanzi ngomkhumbi wakhe "Golden Hind", ukwenza uhambo lokuzungeza umhlaba. Lo mbuso waqhubeka ubusa iminyaka emithathu - kusukela 1577 at 1580. Ngokusebenzisa Strait Drake wathatha frigate e 1578

Le ndawo amanzi uhlukile. Nazi eziphephweni ezinamandla kakhulu. Lena ukuphela kwendawo emhlabeni lapho amagagasi ahlule 15 amamitha.

ezindawo

ukunakwa ososayensi ofanelwe Drake uMzila. Kuphi lokhu kuba endaweni amanzi? Strait itholakala phakathi kwamazwe amabili: Ningizimu Melika futhi Antarctica. It uxhuma zasePacific naseNyakatho-Atlantic izilwandle. Kusukela emngceleni enyakatho Strait eshiwo kuleli qoqo leziqhingi Tierra del Fuego, naseningizimu - Graham Land (Antarctic Peninsula). Nangu abadumile eCape Horn - is yonke indawo ezungeze njalo isihambi owenza emhlabeni ngomkhumbi ezweni. Lona khetho kuphela uma kungenzeka ngidlule, uma iholele ngokusebenzisa iPanama Canal. Kuyinto ngaleso Uphondo qoqo leziqhingi iphuzu.

sici

Drake uMzila kuyinto libanzi strait emhlabeni. Ngokwengxenye yayo yasakazwa sifinyelela ubude mayelana 800-900 amakhilomitha. I we strait ukujula silinganiselwa 4000 m, kodwa kukhona ezinye izindawo phansi ekujuleni kolwandle, kusale 5000 m nokuningi ukujula.

Udabula Strait Antarctic Circumpolar yamanje, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-West Wind Drift. Lona kuphela afundwa kwamanzi ngokusebenzisa zonke meridians Zomhlaba. Lokhu kubhekwa ngoba ulwandle phakathi anamandla kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, esingakubiza ngokuthi iziphepho ezinzima kule Drake uMzila - akuyona into engavamile. Waves sezulu esibi kanye ipheshulwa umoya ka 35 m / c ongama kuya ku-15 metres, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho ephakeme.

Ngenxa isondele Antarctica (Drake uMzila kumephu, bheka ngezansi) emanzini zeqhwa njalo. Amazinga isilinganiso kulezi zindawo imayelana +5 ° C. izinga lokushisa lamanzi Strait kuhluka mayelana -2 kuya +10 ° C. Nakuba isimo sezulu kulezi zindawo zazinzima kakhulu ekuchitheni acishe never zilimaze ngokuphelele futhi uhlala imikhumbi unyaka wonke.

Yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene

Drake uMzila nezindawo esinezinto eziningi eziphilayo ezizungezile, nakuba isimo sezulu sendawo akuyona evumayo kakhulu kule ndaba. Ogwini Antarctica neseNingizimu, wageza ngu eStraits, futhi zeqhwa iyikhaya kwezinhlobo eziningi ze-penguin, kuhlanganise Magellan, Antarctic, Gentoo kanye Umakharoni. Kuyinto futhi iyikhaya Adelie penguins lapha.

Of izinyoni kulezi zindawo kukhona kwezinhlobo emindenini Procellariiform futhi skua. Esikhathini esakazwa kakhulu kunazo amanzi phytoplankton strait okufakiwe diatomaceous ulwelwe oluluhlaza, futhi zooplankton, ikakhulukazi copepods (copepods).

Drake uMzila iyindawo ephelele ephilayo nezinye kwezilwane. Ngokwesibonelo, ungakwazi ukuhlangabezana ezinye abameleli ehola olwandle isikhala kusukela oda Cetacea, njenge-blue whale. Lihlala Kunezinhlobo eziningi umndeni zamanzi. Ziyakwazi izilwane ezidla ezinye, ukusuthisa ikakhulu izinhlanzi, ama-mollusk krill kanye ezinamagobolondo. Abamele le zenyathi, ngokuthi ulwandle ingwe ngokuvamile ukuhlasela penguins ngisho ngakolunye lwezimpawu.