Ukukhiqizwa hydrogen sulfide, impahla yayo, ukusetshenziswa

Kulesi sihloko sizohlola ukuthola nesibabule kuvela i-hydrogen sulphide. Ukuhlolisisa izakhiwo ngokomzimba futhi amakhemikhali ketshezi.

isakhiwo

Ukuze sihlaziye reception oyinhloko kuyi-hydrogen sulfide, kubalulekile ukuthola izici oyiyo. Njengengxenye ketshezi iqukethe okukodwa sulphur athomu kanye ezimbili ze-hydrogen. Ziyakwazi non-izinsimbi, ngakho emkhatsini wetincenye teluhlaka kwakhiwa covalent izibopho polar. Isakhiwo emincane ye sulfide-hydrogen. It yakha i-engela 92 degrees phakathi sulphur ne-hydrogen, okuyinto kancane ezincane kuno emanzini.

izakhiwo

Hydrogen sulfide iphunga efana amaqanda ebolile, kuyinto ajwayelekile kubo bonke. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, ketshezi lisasesimweni gaseous. It has no umbala, kuyinto kahle oncibilikayo emanzini, anobuthi. Ngokwesilinganiso, ngo-degrees 20 Celsius 2.4 hydrogen sulfide ngeke chaza umthamo wamanzi. Ngezinye hydrogen amanzi sulfide wembula kancane azibukhali izakhiwo dissociation ejenti okuphuma stepwise. Enobuthi-hydrogen sulfide kuyingozi ngisho ngemithamo emincane. Okuqukethwe emoyeni cishe 0.1 amaphesenti-hydrogen sulfide kuholela ukukhubazeka isikhungo zokuphefumula nge nokulahlekelwa ukwazi. Ngokwesibonelo, isazi semvelo edume Pliniy Starshy bafela BC 79 leminyaka, i-hydrogen sulfide, imiswe phakathi neminyaka kuqhuma mlilo iVesuvius okuyinto.

Isizathu sokuba isenzo hydrogen sulfide okunoshevu ukuxhumana yayo ikhemikhali i-hemoglobin egazini. Iron oluqukethwe kulesi amaprotheni yakha sulfide ne-hydrogen sulfide.

Umkhawulo lokuhlushwa avumelekile hydrogen sulfide emoyeni ubhekwa 0.01 mg / l. Kuyindlela yokuvimbela esetshenziswa ephefumula umoya-mpilo okumsulwa noma emoyeni, lapho isakhiwo kukhona lemali okuncane chlorine.

Ngokusebenzisana sulfide hydrogen kudinga ukuthobela imithetho ethile yokuphepha. Konke ukucwaningwa ngokuphathelene yalolu ketshezi gaseous eyenziwa amadivayisi uphawu futhi fume amakhabethe.

Izindlela lokuveza hydrogen sulfide

Yini kokuthola sulfide hydrogen lab? Lowo esivame kakhulu ukuxhumana hydrogen ne nesibabule. Cishe le ndlela yokusabela chemical libhekisela ekhuthaza ukuthi kwenziwe itende fume.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulungiswa futhi ngokunokwenzeka sulfide hydrogen exchange phakathi okuqinile yensimbi sulfide (2) kanye nekhambi acid sulfuric noma hydrochloric. Ukuze uthole umphumela onjalo, ekuhlolweni tube kwanele ukuthatha izingcezu ezimbalwa sulphur, ingeqi nenkundla ipea. Ngaphezu kwalokho, tube (ivolumu isigamu) ingezwe ikhambi acid, tube umusi ivaliwe. Idivayisi ibekwe ngaphansi hood, tube uyabaselwa. Ukusabela chemical kuhambisana ukukhululwa kwe igesi Bubbles. Lokhu kukuvumela ukudala hydrogen sulfide ukuthola inani nezinto ezibonakalayo ezanele ukuze acutshungulwe yawo yamakhemikhali izakhiwo.

Yiziphi ezinye izindlela? Esikhathini ukulungiselela laboratory hydrogen sulphide ke evunyelwe ukusabela metallic yensimbi (ngaphansi hood) nge-sulphur crystalline, kulandele ukusabela sulfide ne-sulfuric acid.

chemical izakhiwo

Hydrogen sulfide ihlangana oksijini emoyeni, kushe umbala bluish. Endabeni ephelele imikhiqizo amandla omlilo ukuphendula kukhona sulphur dioxide (4) namanzi. Njengoba sazi ukuthi igesi esithandweni kuyinto oxide esidi, ikhambi, it yakha ababuthakathaka sulfurous acid, umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka litmus paper abomvu.

Endabeni ka amanani enganele hydrogen sulfide kwakhiwa crystalline nesibabule. Le nqubo kubhekwa inqubo zezimboni ngokukhiqiza nesibabule kuvela okumsulwa-hydrogen sulfide.

Kulesi chemical ezikhonjwe nokuqinisela kakhulu. Zikhonjisiwe, kwenta sibonelo, ngekuletsa ukusabela nge nosawoti, halogens. Ukuze ukuqhuba ngaphandle kwesibeletho ukusabela okufanayo kuhlolo amashubhu chlorine ne uxhumano lokudlulisa wathela isixazululo sulfide, ukushintsha kombala uyalandelwa. Njengoba umkhiqizo ukuphendula kwaphawuleka kumiswa sulphur crystalline.

Lapho chemical ukusabela-hydrogen sulfide ne amanzi kumiswa hydronium seka H3O +.

Hydrogen sulfide ungakheka izinhlobo ezimbili ezibangela: sulfides (usawoti naphakathi) kanye hydrosulfides (usawoti esidi).

Ngo umhlaba alikhali futhi ane-alikhali metal sulfides ayizakhi kungekho nto enemibala emihle. Ngo izinsimbi ezisindayo (ithusi, nickel, phambili), elimnyama. sulfide Manganese has a umbala pink. Abaningi usawoti musa chaza emanzini.

ukuphendula qualitative ukuze sulfides ukuthola ukuxhumana nge isixazululo zethusi sulfate (2). Umkhiqizo nokuxhumana okunjalo kuyinto kwenze ezimnyama sulfide yethusi (2).

isiphetho

Ngokwemvelo, lokhu ketshezi kuyinto ku imithombo yamanzi amtoti amagesi ezintaba-mlilo. Le ngxube liwumkhiqizo ukubola zezitshalo nezilwane eziphilayo, sihlukanisa iphunga nobuntu-hydrogen sulfide. sulfides zemvelo ezitholakala yokwakheka izinsimbi ezingavamile yokusansimbi wabo ukuthola izakhi ezifanele. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi i-sulfide hydrogen kuyinto into eqinile anobuthi.