Amagatsha womnotho womhlaba: umkhuba wokusebenzisa izinhlelo ezilinganiselayo zokubhala amaphuzu emcimbini wokuvakasha emhlabeni

Kusukela ekuqaleni kweminyaka engu-90. Umqondo wegatsha elinjalo lomnotho wezwe njengokuvakasha, okuhloswe ngalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthuthukiswa kwalo okusimeme. Futhi nanamuhla ngenye yezinto eziphuthumayo kunazo zonke ososayensi nabasebenzi emkhakheni wezokuvakasha. Ipharagramende yentuthuko eqhubekayo, njengento ebonakalayo emnothweni wezwe, isho ukuguqulwa okuvela kumthengi wemodeli ukugcwaliseka okuphelele kwezidingo zabakhenkethi ekuthuthukisweni okulinganiselayo kwezokuvakasha okucabangela izithakazelo zezivakashi kanye nezizukulwane ezizayo, kanye namathuba okuphila kwemvelo, ukuthuthukiswa okuqondene nomphakathi kanye nezomnotho wemiphakathi yasendaweni. Ngenxa yenkambiso yakhe yesikhathi eside nehlanganisiwe, lo mqondo ubonakala kunzima ekusebenzeni okusebenzayo. I-World Tourism Organisation (i-WTO) ihlongoze ukusebenzisa uhlelo olunjalo lwezimpawu zomnotho wezwe - ezokuvakasha, okuzofaka phakathi isethi yamakhombisi abalulekile ekuthuthukiseni kwayo okusimeme, kufaka phakathi ibhizinisi lezomnotho, lezemvelo, lezenhlalo kanye nokuhlela. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, lezi zinhlelo ziye zaba yinkimbinkimbi yokutadisha nokusetshenziswa kwenani elikhulayo lezivakashi zomuntu ngamunye, amazwe wonke kanye nezifunda.

Ngesikhathi iCanada ingenye yamazwe okuqala ukushicilela isimiso sayo sezwe sokuhlaziya leli gatsha lomnotho wezwe kanye nezinkomba zokuvakasha, lo mcimbi wawutholwe ngomdlandla umphakathi wezokuvakasha eCanada nakwamanye amazwe. Ukwethulwa kwesimiso esinjalo sezinkomba zokuvakasha kwenza kube lula ukuhlola umthelela wezokuvakasha emphakathini nasemphakathini wezwe. Ukusetshenziswa kwesimiso sezinkomba zezivakashi zikazwelonke eCanada kuvumela ukuxazulula imisebenzi emithathu eyinhloko:

1) ukuhlolwa kwesimo samanje sokuvakasha, njengegatsha lomnotho wezwe eCanada;

2) ukuhlaziywa kwezindlela ezihamba phambili embonini yezokuvakasha yaseCanada;

3) kusekela ukuthuthukiswa kwecebo lokuthuthukiswa okusimeme komkhakha kanye nokwenza izinqumo.

Esinye isibonelo sokuqaliswa okuphumelelayo ezingeni likazwelonke sesistimu yezinkomba zokuvakasha ezilinganisiwe nguTasmania. Ukuqaliswa kohlelo lwezinhlelo eziyisikhombisa lokuthuthukiswa kwezokuvakasha njengomboni womnotho wezwe osuselwe kulolu hlelo kuye kwenza ukuthi, ngesikhathi esifushane, ukwandise umsebenzi ngonyaka wezokuvakasha ngo-25%, inani lezivakashi ngo 44% kanye nemali engenayo yokuvakasha nge-66%.

Njengoba okuhlangenwe nakho kwezwe kubonisa, ukuthuthukiswa kwezokuvakasha kuyinkimbinkimbi yesikhathi eside edingekayo ekubandakanyekeni kwama agent ahlukahlukene okushintsha kuwo wonke amazinga ohlelweni lokuphatha lwemboni yezokuvakasha: kusuka kumabhizinisi okuvakasha kuya ezinhlanganweni zamazwe angaphandle . Ukusebenzisa i-scorecards elinganiselayo kusivumela ukuba sigxile imizamo yabo bonke abathintekayo ekufezeni izinjongo ezihambisana nezinhloso zezivakashi, imiphakathi yendawo, imboni yezokuvakasha kanye nombuso. Ukulungiswa kwe-WTO kuvula amathuba engeziwe okuthuthukisa uhlelo lwayo lokuphatha ekuthuthukiseni imboni yezokuvakasha kanye nokubalwa kwezibalo, okumele kucabangele ukuhlangenwe nakho okusemhlabeni wonke ekuthuthukiseni izinkomba zokuvakasha ezilinganisiwe.

Indawo ekhethekile ekuqalisweni kwalesi sinyathelo kungokweziqondiso ezincane ekuthuthukiseni i-agrotourism. Umqondo we-"agrotourism" usemncane futhi uhlotshaniswa nokuzilibazisa emaphandleni, ulwazi lompilo wendawo, okudingeka kuqala ukuthi isimo sengqondo sihlolisise imvelo. Ngakho-ke, ingaziwa njenge-subspecies ye- eco-tourism, ngoba inhlangano isekelwe ezimisweni zokuthuthukiswa okusimeme. Njengamanje, imithombo eyinhloko ye-agro-tourism yizindawo ezihlala ezihlala ezindaweni ezihlangene. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ngesigaba sezolimo, loluhlobo lwemali engenayo luyoba enye indlela.

Akunakwenzeka ukuba ungakhulumi njengento ebalulekile njengezindleko. Njengamanje, ukubandakanyeka okuncane kwezinhlangano zezokuvakasha ekwakhiweni komkhiqizo wezokuvakasha kwezokuvakasha, kubonisa ukuthi kudalwa umkhiqizo wezokuvakasha, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukusungulwa kwamanani kuwo kubanjwe kubanikazi bamafa. Futhi, njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, intengo ayihambisani ngaso sonke isikhathi nezinga lezinsizakalo ezinikezwayo, okufanayo futhi okunye okubangela izici zokuvimbela. Kubalulekile ukubandakanya izinkampani zokuvakasha ngenhloso yokwakheka kwezinsizakalo ze-agrotour.

Okokuqala, i-ejensi yokuhamba inolwazi olwanele nobuchwepheshe bokuthengiswa kwemikhiqizo yezivakashi kule ngxenye yemakethe - kokubili izindlela zokukhangisa kanye nemakethe ethuthukile wezinsizakalo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwandiswa kwephakheji yamasevisi kuzoholela ekwandeni esikhathini sokuvakasha. Lokhu kuzoba nethonya elihle kwinzuzo yabanikazi bezizinda. Ukuhluka kwemikhiqizo yezokuvakasha kuyoholela ekukhuleni kwesidingo kanye nokwandiswa kwekhwalithi yayo yekhwalithi, ngokuheha imikhakha ehlukahlukene yabathengi bamasevisi.