Ukulungiselela i-sulfuric acid nesicelo sayo.

Namuhla, i-sulfuric acid ikhiqizwa ikakhulukazi ngezindlela ezimbili zezimboni: uxhumano no-nitric. Indlela yokuxhumana iyathuthuka kakhulu futhi eRussia isetshenziswa kabanzi kakhulu kune-nitrous, okungukuthi, umbhoshongo.

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-sulfuric acid kuqala nge-calcination yezinto ezibonakalayo ze-sulfuric, isibonelo, i-iron pyrites. Emafini e-pyrite akhethekile, kutholakala igesi okuthiwa i-calcined, equkethe cishe u-9% we-sulfur dioxide. Lesi sigaba sinye esifanayo kuzo zonke izindlela zokuxhumana nezitrosiki.

Okulandelayo, kuyadingeka ukuba ukhiphe i-sulfur dioxide ephumela ku-sulfuric acid. Noma kunjalo, kufanele kuqala ihlanzwe ukungcola okuningi okuphazamisa inqubo eqhubekayo. Igazi le-calcined lihlanjululwa ngothuli kuma-precipitator noma i-cyclone units, bese lifakwe kudivayisi ephethe izixuku ezixhumene nazo, lapho i-SO ₂ sulfur dioxide ihlanganiswa khona nge-sulfur dioxide SO ₃ .

Lokhu kusabela okubuhlungu kuyaguquguquka - ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa kuholela ekwehleni kwe-anhydride ye-sulfuric. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho izinga lokushisa liyancipha, izinga lokuphendula ngokuqondile lincane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, izinga lokushisa kulezi zixhobo zokuxhumana ligcinwa ngaphakathi kwezingu-480 ° C, ngokulilungisa ngesilinganiso sokuhamba kwengxube yegesi.

Kamuva, indlela yokuxhumana iveza i- sulfuric acid uma i-anhydride ye-sulfuric ihlanganiswa namanzi.

Indlela ye-nitroso ibonakala ukuthi leso sulfure dioxide ixiliswe yi- nitrogen oxides. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-sulfuric acid ngale ndlela kubangelwa ukwakheka kwe-sulfuric acid ngokusebenzisana kwe-sulphuri dioxide kusuka kwegesi e-calcined ngamanzi. Ngemuva kwalokho, i- asidi ye-sulfuric ephumela ku-oxidized nitric acid, eholela ekwakheni i-nitrogen monoxide ne-sulfuric acid.

Le nhlanganisela yokusabela iyondliwa embhoshongweni okhethekile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokulawula ukugeleza kwegesi, kutholakala ukuthi engxenyeni yegesi engena embhoshongweni wokudonsa, i-dioxide ne-nitrogen monoxide iqukethe isilinganiso esingu-1: 1, okudingekayo ekukhiqizeni i-anhydride ye-nitrous.

Ekugcineni, ngenkathi ukusabela kwe-sulfuric acid ne-nitrous anhydride NOHSO _4- nitrosyl sulfuric acid yakha.

I-nitrosyl sulfuric acid ekhiqizwa ifakwe embhoshongweni wokukhiqiza, lapho idiliza ngamanzi futhi ikhulula i-anhydride ene-nitrogen:

2NOHSO ₄ + H ₂ O = N ₂ O ₃ + 2H ₂ SO _4,

Yikuphi oxidizes i-sulfurous acid eyakhiwe embhoshongweni.

I-oxide ye-nitro, ekhishwe ngenxa yokusabela, iphinda ibuyele embhoshongweni we-oxidation iphinde ingene kumjikelezo omusha.

Njengamanje, eRussia, ukukhiqizwa kwe-sulfuric acid kuqhutshwa ikakhulu ngendlela yokuxhumana. Indlela ye-nitric ayifuni ukusetshenziswa.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-sulfuric acid kukhulu kakhulu futhi kuhlukahlukene.

Iningi lalo liya ekukhiqizeni amakhemikhali amakhemikhali namaminerali amaminerali, kubalulekile ekukhiqizeni izidakamizwa nama-dyes. Ngosizo lwe-sulfuric acid, i-ethyl nezinye izinto zokuphuza utshwala, ama-detergents kanye nezibulala-zinambuzane zikhiqizwa.

Izixazululo zalo zisetshenziselwa izimboni zokudla, ezokudla, ezithambile neziqhumane. I-sulfuric sulfuric acid isebenza njenge-electrolyte yokuthululela kuma-accumulator ahola, asetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuthutha.