Academicians: uhlu. amalungu e-RAS. Ukukhethwa academicians ka RAS

Academician, uhlu okuyinto agcwaliswa njalo ngonyaka - abanikazi isimo eliphakeme isayensi yasekhaya. Isihloko Academician bangalindela isakhamuzi isiRashiya, ukushicilela imisebenzi yesayensi kakhulu zomphakathi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene. Ukuze 2017 eRussia cishe eyinkulungwane izifundiswa Academy of Sciences, ukuba ngqo - 932. Ngokwe-sisekelo we-Russian Academy of Sciences, umgomo waso oyinhloko kanye kuphela - yokucebisa isayensi izimpumelelo zabo.

Uba kanjani i academician?

I-Russian Academy of Sciences, kunezigaba ezimbili amalungu ayo. Bangobani, Academician? Uhlu laba bantu njalo agcwaliswa. Degree Hlobanisa zobulungu kubhekwa, Okufana iLungu isihloko, aphakeme - academician. Umkhuba ofanayo uye ilandelwe e-USSR. Ukuze singene Russian Academy of Sciences futhi kuzakhamizi zamazwe angaphandle. Ukuze kokufaneleka okukhethekile. Kulokhu, ngeke udluliselwe amalungu angaphandle sokuqeqesha.

Ukukhethwa academicians ka RAS kwenzeka phakathi amalungu ezazivela. Ilungelo lokuvota kuphela izifundiswa. Lesi sihloko ukhishwa ukuphila. Ukhetho zokugcina senzeka muva - 25 Okthoba ngonyaka owedlule. sici ngokuyinhloko iphesenti eliphezulu amalungu amasha kubaluleka - age umkhawulo. Namuhla ukugembula rejuvenation. Ngakho-ke, RAS academicians ukhetho kwavela inombolo enkulu ososayensi, okuyinto ngesikhathi ukuvota uneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-61. Banezinhliziyo inzuzo enkulu.

Ukuba yilungu Academy of Sciences - iyona umklomelo eliphakeme, onikelwa ezifezwayo isayensi, kuba uhlobo degree of ukuqashelwa emphakathini. Kukhona futhi izinzuzo ngokwezimali. ibhekwa nyanga zonke ukuze iholo in inani ruble ayizigidi 100.

Inombolo academicians

Ngo-2013, inani izifundiswa kakhulu anda, ngemuva ingxenye academicians ka RAS academicians kuhlanganisiwe wesayensi yezokwelapha nakwezolimo. Ngakho, inani eliphelele ukuba usuku, njengoba sekushiwo, abantu 932.

Uma sicabanga, + njengasosukwini lokungivivinya academicians RAS abangu akhethwe ngokukhethekile Academy of Sciences, bona 527. Amaphesenti abesifazane ngesikhathi esifanayo ongaphakeme - kukhona ososayensi 13. 73 kuphela uqhubeke ubulungu babo kusukela kwamaSoviet.

Imibhalo emidala kunayo yonke academician - sefilosofi Theodor Oizerman, ngubani ngoMeyi 2016 babulawa iminyaka 102. Ekupheleni okuphambene uhlu physics UGrigory Trubnikov - yena iminyaka engu-40 kuphela ubudala. Yikuphi amalungu Academy lomncane ababephila ngesikhathi ukhetho lalingesinye physics - Aleksandr Skrinsky (engu-32 ubudala). Futhi kwasebekhulile iningi lesi sihloko yena yanikezelwa physiologist Leo Magazanik. Kuye ngesikhathi ukhetho 85th.

Academician abanolwazi

Okwamanje, isikhathi eside of Sciences academician kuyinto metallurgist Boris Evgenevich Paton. Yena engu-98 ubudala, wazalwa eKiev. Enhloko-dolobha yase-Ukraine SSR, ephothula Polytechnic Institute, ekubeni ngama-engineer-ngogesi. Walandela e ezinyathelweni zikayise ukusebenza Institute of Electric zokushisela yaqanjwa uyise - Evgeniya Oskarovicha. Kulo msebenzi, ingabe umbhali ezisunguliwe ezingaphezu kuka-400.

izithakazelo zakhe zesayense zixhumene ne izinqubo zokushisela othomathikhi bese semi-automatic, njengoba yena wacabanga futhi ithuthukiswe imfundiso yokuziphendukela ukudalwa imishini kwabashiselayo arc, arc uphenyo izimo.

Namuhla Academician Paton isebenza kanye namadivayisi cybernetic, kanye abasebenza ukudalwa Welding amarobhothi. Wawuyini umgomo wazo phakathi nezindaba ngazifunda - Welding yokusansimbi lokutimele ekukhiciteni entsha bese ngcono of izinsimbi ekhona.

Enye yezinto ezinkulu azifeza - ukusungulwa endaweni ekhethekile umkhakha - electrometallurgy ekhethekile. Yena uqobo wahola ucwaningo kulo mkhakha, ukwenza imithombo ezifudumeza imishini Welding.

luthuthukisa Oncology

Ngo-2004 waba academician Davydov Mihail Ivanovich - Uprofesa, Oncology ohlinzayo.

Wancoma iningi lososayensi, wathola sibonga okuphumelela ukuthuthukiswa zokwelapha ezihlukahlukene zomdlavuza. Ngo izimila oluthile emphinjeni, esiswini, wamaphaphu.

sokunconywa Ezazimzungezile - ukusetshenziswa izindlela ezintsha - anostomoza (yangaphakathi amavolumu compounds zemizimba eziyize). Ngenxa yalokhu odokotela uphathe ukusungula ukubambisana phakathi izigaba emathunjini noma izitsha. indlela yakhe entsha yokuqala, ngesikhathi elula kakhulu ukubulawa lobuchwepheshe.

Davydov Mihail Ivanovich lifinyelele ekwenteni ncono imiphumela ekwelapheni esiswini, wamaphaphu emphinjeni. Ngokokuqala ngqá e Oncology kwaba lowo lowacala ukuhlinzwa nge-aorta yamaphaphu futhi vena cava, ekufinyeleleni imiphumela emihle kakhulu.

iningi lasebekhulile

UTeodor Ilich Oyzerman - Namuhla academician iningi lasebekhulile. Ngo-May wathinteka nyakenye 102. Wazalwa ngonyaka ka ekuqaleni kweMpi Yezwe I ngo edolobhaneni sifundazwe Petroverovke Kherson, manje Odessa esifundeni.

Uyise ngo-1922 washona ze-typhus, kanye uTheodore abasha wahamba wayosebenza njengenhlangano boilermaker osafunda ngesikhathi isitshalo esitimela.

Esikhathini 30s wathuthela nge unina uVladimir esifundeni, njengoba e-Ukraine, elahlekelwa umsebenzi wakhe uthisha ngenxa zokungazi zolimi zikazwelonke. Lo mkhankaso okuthiwa ukuphikisana okuseBhayibhelini ukuze "Indigenization" kwenziwa nguhulumeni zaseSoviet 20-30s. Unina futhi wahlela esikoleni noTheodore - ku ngensimbi isitshalo ngogesi. Ngo parallel, wabhala tindzaba letimfisha kanye ishicilelwe.

Ngo-1937 wathola Izibuyekezo leminyenti lemihle yemisebenzi yakhe ekamu ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe isiRashiya, ikakhulukazi uGeorge Adamovich. Nokho, endlini isimo sokushicilela wenqaba ukuphrinta iqoqo tindzaba letimfisha "Ngo Peksha" futhi Oizerman Ufaka izincwadi.

Khona-ke uyaqhubeka ukufunda Philosophy Faculty of Moscow Institute of Philosophy, Literature and History. Ngo parallel, ngogesi zuza. Uvikela mqondo wakhe ngo-1941 ezimfundisweni Marx.

Phakathi neMpi Yezwe II waya phambi, uthola ukuxukuzeka e izimpi eKursk. Ngemva kokunqoba kuka-wobushiqela ngo-1951 bavikela zobudokotela yakhe futhi ngo-1966 waba academician of Russian Academy of Sciences. Ngokujulile wafunda imisebenzi Kant futhi Hegel.

omncane engenathi

Academicians, abanentshisekelo uhlu abaningi namuhla, iningi labo abadala. Nokho, kunokuningi okungakhulunywanga ngakho. Ngokwesibonelo, isazi sesayensi yemvelo Grigoriy Vladimirovich Trubnikov.

Imfundo ephakeme e Lipetsk. Khona-ke wasebenza Dubna, walivikela mqondo kwakhe ngo-2005. Isihloko nocwaningo lwakhe kukhona accelerators nezinhlayiya.

Ngo-2012 waba uDokotela of Science. izithakazelo zakhe ucwaningo lihlanganise Ukupholisa imishayo electronic, esizukulwaneni sabo, isitoreji izindandatho, kanye izinhlelo into-ngamakhasimende.

Academician e '32

Скринский. Ngaphambili, yonke ophilayo academicians lokhu isihloko ithole elinye physics - Aleksandr Nikolaevich Skrinsky. Wazalwa ngo Orenburg ngo-1936.

Mina asebenzelana nezinkinga kokulinganisa futhi osetshenziswayo Physics. accelerators wafundelwa futhi ephezulu amandla physics. With iqhaza lakhe, umklamo kanye ukudala izinhlobo ezintsha colliders. Kusukela ngo-1968 Okufana iLungu Academy of Sciences of USSR. Ngaleso sikhathi wayeneminyaka engu-32 kuphela ubudala. Ngemva kweminyaka emibili wamukela isihloko "Academician".

Kamuva bakhula electronic Ukupholisa indlela futhi ukuthola lwemishayo lihlukaniswe. Wadlala indima enkulu ekwenzeni ukuthuthukiswa physics osetshenziswayo, kanye ukudalwa izinhlobo ezintsha laser nokwamukela ugongolo ubuchwepheshe.

Physiologist Academician

Ngo-2016, amalungu RAS langempela ube nezikhundla zabo physiologist Leo Girshevich Magazanik. Thola isihloko zokuhlonipha ngalesi yobudala - uhlobo irekhodi, okungenani phakathi izifundiswa eziphilayo.

Lev Girshevich wazalelwa e-Odessa ngo-1931. Endaweni yocwaningo lakhe ngokwesayensi - umsebenzi iziteshi ion, imithelela neurotoxins ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene futhi izinhlobo receptor. Phakathi azenza - amathuluzi esiyingqayizivele, okuye kwenza kwaba lula ukufunda inhlangano zishintshe e ulwelwesi.

Magazanik olwenziwa ucwaningo ezikanye ososayensi angaphandle emhlabeni wonke - eFrance, eSwitzerland, e-UK eJalimane. Umphumela womsebenzi wakhe kwaba ukudalwa izidakamizwa ezisiza ukusungula ukuxhumana phakathi izinzwa enempilo futhi ogulayo

Odokotela phakathi izifundiswa

Eminyangweni 12 nezigaba namuhla Ukhetha Academicians. Medicine uthatha lolu hlu ingenye yezindawo ukhiye. Lapha abesifazane kakhulu nezifundiswa. Адамян. Omunye wabo - i Udokotela Wabesifazane Leyla Vladimirovna Adamyan.

Wazalelwa Tbilisi. Bafunde eMoscow. Kusukela 1989 kuze kube manje, eholwa uMnyango op zabesifazane in the angafundwa socwaningo. Ngo-2004 yena waklonyeliswa isihloko academician.

Leila Adamyan idume yokuthi ngokuqephuza kuzo zonke izinhlobo ezaziwayo zama ukuba isayensi namuhla imisebenzi izifo zabesifazane. Izinhloso zocwaningo yakhe iba ukusetshenziswa-X-ray nemithi yenzalo. Kunomsebenzi omningi ngezindaba nokwelashwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nezingane.

Ngenxa amasu wakhe yesimanje kuhlinzwa esetshenziswa namuhla ukuze unike amandla okungenani izikhathi ezimbili ukunciphisa ububi besimo sokuguquka nemiphumela ukuvuvukala okwenzeka ngemva imisebenzi izifo zabesifazane.

Mathematics, izifundiswa

Esinye isici esibangela ubuchwepheshe, okuyinto ngokuvamile uthanda Academicians, uhlu okuyinto ke is agcwaliswa, kuyinto wezibalo.

Фаддеев, ставший членом РАН еще в 1976 году. Namuhla, esinye ososayensi edume kunazo kule nsimu Lyudvig Dmitrievich Faddeev, owaba ilungu Russian Academy of Sciences, 1976. Yena ngokukhethekile emkhakheni physics zezibalo.

Iningi umsebenzi wakhe futhi ucwaningo enikelwe yokuxazulula le nkinga iyabheda emithathu nomzimba quantum Mechanics. Faddeev equation - In isayensi yesimanje, lokhu inkinga ngaphansi igama lakhe laziwe. Wabuye bekwi-Schrödinger equation. Uye ebhaliwe amaphepha ezingamakhulu amabili zesayensi kanye zincwadi ziphakathi kokulandisa okuvelele.

Kungaba uyaziqhenya ukuthi phakathi kwabo kukhona Usosayensi othile academician. Mathematics esiningi emsebenzini theory Nokho, futhi ngokuvamile kuba bayakwazisa. Ngo-2008, Ludwig Faddeev wathola e-Hong Kong Shao Award, unikezwa ngonyaka emiqondweni best of ososayensi emhlabeni wonke. Kuvele umklomelo wathola esigabeni "Mathematics" nomunye compatriot uVladimir Arnold. babamba iqhaza elikhulu popularization physics zezibalo nohlolwe.