Kunganjani undize uye enyangeni? Izizathu ekunqanyulweni izindiza

Kungani abantu bayeka flying nenyanga? Ukuze siphendule lo mbuzo ngakho ayilula kangako. Inkambo umlando ukuthuthukiswa emathafeni kwenyanga wathonya abanye izimo kufanele kubhekwe ngokulandelana. Kuyadingeka ukuba aqonde ukuthi yini ngempela futhi siyini - eqanjiwe. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi uhlelo inyanga lwenzelwe hhayi kuphela isiRashiya, kodwa futhi abantu baseMelika. Bobabili msebenzi evele aphulwa ngaphandle incazelo eqondile. Njengoba ungacabanga, lokhu kubangelwa imibuzo eminingi, futhi ebaluleke kakhulu kubo - kungani ayekile undize uye enyangeni? Izizathu zalokhu ukuthuthukiswa ngokushesha project non-osendaweni ezibalulekile ngenxa yezimo engaqondakali.

NASA impumelelo: Moon uhlanga

Ukuze uqonde kangcono ukuthi kungani abantu musa undize uye enyangeni, kufanele bahlolisise umlando ukuthuthukiswa satellite eMhlabeni. Okokuqala, kumelwe yisho uhlanga, okuyinto okuhleliwe amabili ayizikhondlakhondla zezikhali ubukhosi emhlabeni.

Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi esikhathini umlando ukuhlola umkhathi igunya ligcizelelwa elaseSoviet Union. Yiqiniso, abantu baseMelika azi kahle ukuthi izimbangi zabo isihambile ukuhlola umkhathi ikude phambili uthole phambi kwabo akunjalo elula. Ukuze wehlise ibanga, NASA kwakudingeka ngizidele ngandlela inhlobo ukufohla e ukuhlola umkhathi. Ngalesi sikhathi, futhi uhlelo inyanga yadalwa. Kwasebenza on ukuthuthukisa cishe 40,000 abasebenzi e phezu kweminyaka eyisishiyagalombili. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi ohlelweni kwenyanga wachitha cishe u- $ 110 billion. Kodwa uma kahle uxhaso, kungani ayekile undize uye enyangeni? Amaqiniso isikhathi eside buthule. Kuze kube manje, abanye izikhathi umlando kwenyanga ukuhlola isikhala ahlale akucacile.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngentuthuko American kule ndawo baye baphumelela. Phela, eyamsiza lapha kwaba isizinda ilungelo Brown. Lo muntu ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili, wayesebenza ku-Adolf Hitler. It is lokhu Uchwepheshe idale edume "V-2 rocket."

American "Apollo"

Ngemva lwemishikashika omude iqembu elikhulu ochwepheshe baseMelika sesenze umsebenzi omkhulukazi. Wernher von Braun wadala abezindaba nge umthamo okwanele. Nokho, imikhiqizo ngomumo eyenziwe anosayizi omkhulu. Humusha ke ezweni kwakungenakwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, ukusekela linikezwe isayithi kwethulwa esebenzisa yezokuthutha emanzini. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi "Saturn" injini sinesikhundla abayizigidi ezingu-180 amahhashi. Ngezinye isiqalo yenethiwekhi ezakhiweni eziseduzane Uphahla lwangaphakathi sikhuntile akhishwe yonke ingilazi.

Ngaphambi lihlala kuqala Emhlabeni satellite NASA osingathe 10 ukwethulwa "Apollo." Ngo-1968 (ngo-Okthoba) ku-orbit wethulwa "Apollo 7", futhi ngo-December - "Apollo 8" ebhodini babe abashayeli bezindiza. Baqale wandizela phezu komzila wokuzungeza kaMoon.

Ngo-1969 (ngoMashi), "Apollo 9" eyaba isikhala kwenyanga module ukuhlolwa, futhi ngo-May, "Apollo 10" labetibambile cababa ukubuyekeza enyangeni, phansi ukuphakama 15 ukusuka ebusweni satellite eMhlabeni. Kulesi ohlezi ngokugcwele wayengekho. Julayi 2, 1969 amatilosi walethwa kobuso Moon, "Apollo 11". Lokhu kwalandelwa mikhankaso eziyisithupha ne lokufikela crew.

EU.SSR inyanga uhlanga

Kepha-USSR, ukubangisana kwemibuso emikhulu inyanga uhlanga wahlupheka kaningi futhi esincintisana okuningi bakhiphe elezinga eliphansi. Nakuba ekuthuthukiseni umsebenzi inyanga wasebenza iqembu lochwepheshe ngaphansi kobuholi S. P. koroleva futhi V N. Chelomeya. Nokho, isikhathi eside, ososayensi Russian akakwazanga ukuphatha ukwakha i-medium ukuthi kungaba namandla anele.

Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, wafa S. P. Korolev. Futhi empeleni liyisici esiyinhloko yephrojekthi. Ngenxa yalokho izenzakalo edabukisayo isimo saba sibi kakhulu. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi wonke amabutho wase-USSR esichithwa uhlelo of ukuhlola umkhathi. Ngakho-ke, kwenyanga amathuba uhlanga futhi izimali nje azange abe. Yiqiniso, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lesi simo saba ngcono. Nokho, kuze kube manje uhlala akucacile ukuthi kungani Moon fly namuhla.

Ukuvala zohlelo kwenyanga

Kunganjani undize uye enyangeni futhi kungani lolu hlelo inyanga licima? Ekupheleni kuka-1972, i-NASA wayeka ucwaningo. Uhlelo Moon licima. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi eSoviet Union futhi waphenduka wonke amaphrojekthi zabo ezihlobene ukuthuthukiswa of the Moon, hhayi siwela surface eMhlabeni we satellite crew yakho. Ngemva kwalokho, akekho omunye uzama uqhube izindiza. Phakathi nale nkathi, wavalwa lenqwaba ngezigidigidi zamaRandi amaphrojekthi dollar. Ngakho kungani abantu wayeka ezindizayo nenyanga, futhi yayiyini rush?

Yiqiniso, abaningi baye baveza nokuthi Russian umane wasiyeka hlelo. Kodwa ukuqonda isizathu AmaMelika nzima kakhulu. Phela, babekwazi ukuba iphumelele kuleli zwe imiklamo yabo. Futhi, eziningi ziye zasikisela ukuthi isizathu zibiza kakhulu izinhlelo ezinjalo angeke zifezeke. Phela, kanti iningi labantu izimali ezibekelwe sasetshenziswa ukudalwa ejikijelwayo kwethulwa pads. Izindleko elilodwa run ilingana izindleko eyodwa webhomu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akucaci ukuthi kungani hhayi undize uye enyangeni manje. Phela, ubuchwepheshe buye wagxumela phambili. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi izizathu zibaluleke ngaphezu yokuntuleka kwezimali, noma inzalo elahlekile.

Anomalies the Moon

Ngemva indiza ngowokuqala the Moon, yabe seyaziwa ukuthi kukhona into exakile ezingutsheni ku satellite eMhlabeni. Lokhu wayengaziwa nje kuphela baseMelika, kodwa futhi Russian. Emhlabeni wonke, eziningi zezinkanyezi libike ukuthi Moon ungabona izinto eziningi engacabangeki ofuna ukuphumela obala.

Kusukela izindaba kwaba sobala ukuthi eduze kobuso satellite eMhlabeni ezindaweni ezahlukene kukhona mikhanyo ngokwanele elikhanyayo babe ezihlukile obuphelele ezahlukene, kanye izinkomba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwabikwa ukuthi kwakubulawa inyanga kungabonwa izithunzi ongaziwa ukuthi njalo ezihambayo. Futhi, nge ebusweni Umhlaba orbit satellite sise amanye amaphuzu yokukhanya kokuba Ubukhulu umxhwele. Bona ubiyela ingxenye emzileni kuzithinta, bese lihlala.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uProfesa N. A. Kozyrev, owayengufakazi umsebenzi lo Pulkovo Observatory, wathi ngo-1958 ukuthi amahora ambalwa ngumgogodla wentaba, "Alphonse" yavalwa ngo ifu elikhulu elibomvu. anomalies Okufanayo ukuthi kwakunzima ukuchaza ngaphandle ucwaningo. Mhlawumbe lena impendulo yombuzo othi isizathu okuthiwa singenza abantu musa undize uye enyangeni.

Ucwaningo anomalies kwenyanga

Yiqiniso, i-anomalies the Moon kungaba isizathu esiyinhloko kuvalwe uphenyo yayo izinhlelo evele. Kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke, kwakudingekile ukuhlola zonke eziyinqaba imihlola simbe. Ngakho-ke, e-United States ngo-1965, ukuthi lwenziwe Yihhovisi umphakathi wonke yesayensi, waziphatha locwaningo anomalies enqunywa ngokuthwasa kwenyanga. Nakuba ochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe kuphela kufakwe iqembu. Ngoba bonke nesikhathi wezesayensi sezihlonziwe anomalies eziningi the Moon. Abaningi babo baye kunalokho kunzima ukuchaza. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi idokhumenti yadalwa ngo-1968, okwakubizwa ngokuthi i "iBhayibheli ngohlelo lokulandelana kwezenzakalo umyalezo ikhathalogi imicimbi enqunywa ngokuthwasa kwenyanga."

Eyatholwa the Moon?

It kwashiwo simbe mayelana 579 izenzakalo okungavamile okwenzeka phezu futhi uzungeza emzileni of the Moon. Phakathi lezi zenzakalo zenzeka:

1. Bahambe asemigodini.
2. ngamajamo weJiyomethri.
3. Domes enkulu omkhulu, ekwazi ukushintsha umbala.
4. Coloured imisele ukuthi bayakwazi ukuba zinde ngesivinini 6 amakhilomitha ngehora.
5. izinto Luminous, nokunye.

imihlola enjalo yayingeve ukuthela incazelo, kodwa futhi amaMelika noma Russian engafuni ukuyeka umncintiswano inyanga. Ngenxa yalokho, saqala ukwethulwa mkhathi, njengoba kwanqunywa ukuba fly futhi ubone konke amehlo ami. Ukuba khona kwezinso ngesikhathi kungekho muntu onaka lowo. Kodwa kungani musa undize uye enyangeni, ngisho ngemva kokutadisha imihlola eziningi?

Imilayezo kusukela Moon

Ukusungula Imbangela kungani Moon ukundiza, akulula neze. Ungakwazi ukwakha eziningi kokuqagela izikhathi, kodwa kunzima kakhulu simba ukuze iqiniso. imibiko yokuqala zezinkanyezi ababeyile anqobe isikhala kwenyanga kwanele ukuhlaziya. Lapho baseMelika umkhankaso "Apollo", owawusendaweni ibhodi ukuthutha, emhlabeni wonke ezalandela inkambo izenzakalo hams eziningi. Phela, ngaleso sikhathi labetibambile zokuxhumana ukusakaza nge-Houston osomkhathi. Kwaba emva imibiko lokuqala, kwaba sobala ukuthi iqembu hhayi ukutshela. Eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, kwaba sobala ukuthi izibikezelo kukahle. Radio nayizimfundamakhwela kusukela e-Australia ne-Switzerland bakwazi ukubamba ehlukile imvamisa izingxoxo osomkhathi ngokushesha ngemuva kokufika. It okukhulunywa kuzo ngezinto engacabangeki eziyinqaba. Yini kwakukhona futhi kungani manje musa undize uye enyangeni? Phela, lisondele kakhulu kuka-Mars.

ukuqashelwa

Ngakho kungani ayisekho undize uye enyangeni, ngisho nangemva kweminyaka eminingi kangaka? Ixoxisana osomkhathi Houston kwaba nedogovorok eziningi. Yiqiniso, izinto eziningi kunzima ukuchaza, ikakhulukazi uma uwabona okokuqala. iminyaka engu-10 ngemva ngendiza yokuqala enyangeni Moris Shatlen, owayengomunye abasunguli imishini umsakazo senzelwe uhlelo ezinqunywa ngokuthwasa kwenyanga, ngenza isitatimende ukuthi wayekhona kuseshini, lapho uNeil Armstrong wakhuluma ngesimo izinto eziningana imvelaphi ezingaziwa, abafika ukuqhela "Apollo."

Ngemva kwalokho, imiyalezo kusukela Moon wakhuluma ezinye amabhlogo zamatshe, okuyinto etholakala eduze zokutshala iyunithi. Nokho, ezinye zazo, njengoba kushiwo Edvin Oldrin, Babechichima ngaphandle, futhi abanye kukhanya ngaphakathi. Kwakucishe kungekho nto enemibala emihle ezingasho lutho.

imiyalezo enjalo unqabile ukuphawula hhayi kuphela NASA, kodwa futhi zezisebenzi. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, umlawuli bomkhankaso "Apollo 11," ukutshelwa abanye imihlola. Kodwa ukutshela imininingwane, yayingakwazi, ngoba wanikwa okubhaliselwe ukudalula. Ngemva kwesimiso licima sokuthuthukiswa satellite eMhlabeni, i-NASA wavuma ukuthi mayelana 25 osomkhathi ngawakhe khona Ufo ngesikhathi uhambo. Mhlawumbe lena isizathu esenza ngaphezulu musa undize uye enyangeni futhi athuthukise izinhlelo ezintsha sokugcwaliseka kwaso?

Ubufakazi bokuba khona UFOs

Awukabi ngokugcwele kucace ukuthi kungani hhayi undize uye enyangeni, uma kukhona amathuba okwenza kanjalo? ufologists Abaningi baphikisa ngokuthi phezu kukhona satellite we ukuphila eMhlabeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunobufakazi bokuthi lo mkhankaso "Apollo 12" ubephelezelwa abangaziwa ezindizayo izinto. Leli qiniso labonakala iqiniswe Umhlaba zokubuka. UFOs ababili flying bezungeza US mkhathi futhi winking izibani. Omunye abangaziwa ezindizayo into esabangela lokhu "Apollo" kanti eyesibili - kusukela front.

Okwamanje, kuyacaca kuphela ukuthi baseMelika wayazi ukuthi phezu kwenyanga kukhona okuthile simbe futhi engavamile. Mhlawumbe lo mkhankaso omusha kwenziwe ikhambi le mfihlakalo. Ubufakazi lokhu nje sibheke izithombe ezithathwe ngohlelo isibonakude ukuze azungeze 10 eminyakeni ngaphambi ebaleka lokuqala. Abazange sezinkanyezi Dzhes Uilson. Ziyakwazi uchungechunge ebonakalayo kahle lezinto eziningi egqamile, okuyinto yokwelula emkhathini enyangeni. Ososayensi abakwazanga ukunikela ihlathululo umgomo lomkhuba. Mhlawumbe UFOs khona. Futhi leli qiniso enikeza impendulo ewujuqu umbuzo wokuthi kungani akekho indiza eya enyangeni iminyaka leminyenti ngakho.

izinto Strange the Moon

Kunganjani undize uye enyangeni, futhi kwatholakala yi baseMelika ubuso bayo? Lezi zinkinga zithinta abalandeli abaningi imihlola simbe. Njengoba kuboniswa eminye yemibhalo, lo mkhankaso yakamuva "Apollo" bathole okuningi isithakazelo enyangeni. Ngenkathi osomkhathi ephethwe ukususa izimoto ongaziwa, amadwala enkulu ngokwanele ukuthi ukuzihlonipha iphuma out of asemigodini. Yiqiniso, lokho akuyona yonke izinto ezikufanelekelayo ukunakwa.

Budebuduze indawo kokwehla izithombe izimoto enziwa, kanye izimbobo nge engele iqonde futhi kwesokudla ukuthi kuvimbe zabo kulesi sigodi, futhi zigodi, okuyinto umane uphahlwe amabhlogo itshe. Okunjalo imihlola simbe the Moon yavama.

Ekuphetheni

Ososayensi basikisela ukuthi inyanga yayimi kanye ukuphila, futhi mhlawumbe kukhona khona namuhla. Phela, osomkhathi wakwazi kancane bafunde lokho okungalé surface eMhlabeni we-satellite. Mystery uhlala yini ngaphakathi inyanga. Yiqiniso, konke lokhu amaqiniso ungayeki impendulo olunzulu umbuzo wokuthi kungani abantu musa undize uye enyangeni. Mhlawumbe, ngemva eminye iminyaka engu-10, konke uyowela endaweni, futhi isintu ekugcineni ifunda iqiniso.