Zokuphefumula kanye negesi lokushintshisana: ngesisekelo ukuphila

Esanda kutholakala, indlela kuphela ukuze sithole ukuthi muntu uyaphila, futhi lokhu kuye kwenzeka ukuthola noma cha ukubona izimpawu ukuphefumula. Ukuze ugqoko umlomo futhi esibukweni wabheka uma kuba esinamafu. Esikhathini sethu esetshenziswa nezinye izici, kodwa yokuntuleka umoya njalo sikhomba yokuqothulwa ngokushesha noma kakade wenza ukumisa zokuphila. Zokuphefumula kanye negesi lokushintshisana Namanje ufundwa ososayensi ukuqonda umsebenzi kangcono umgudu wokuphefumula iyonke. Kuyinto okunokwethenjelwa kakhulu, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kuba ngisengozini ngempela.

Lolu hlelo kuhlanganisa ushise imigudu yomoya, isakhiwo umgudu wokuphefumula iyafana ndawo. Lezi zihlanganisa i-acinene ingaphakathi, amalaka, kuqhoqhoqho kanye bronchi. Konke lokhu imizimba babe matrix uqwanga, ukuze uzitholele isimo sabo, kodwa ngaphakathi bebe uphahlwe ciliated epithelium hlobo. Umzimba womuntu ungakwazi Kufinyeta ezicashile lokuxosha imizimba ezincane bezinye izizwe abavela emaqenjini umgudu.

Nokho, umgudu wokuphefumula main, emaphashini, kunendima ethile ekugcineni eziyinkimbinkimbi. Kulapha kukhona exchange phakathi igazi nomoya, noHezekeli. Zokuphefumula kanye negesi lokushintshisana, umsebenzi wabo oyinhloko ezihambelana eduze. ingashintshwa kalula ngoba lo msebenzi ikhipha.

Iningi lethu ebuntwaneni, baphoqwa ukuba uphefumule kuphela ngokusebenzisa ekhaleni. Kungani lokhu kubaluleke kangaka? Endleleni ngokusebenzisa emoyeni kuba ezinomswakama okwengeziwe ngalo ingaphakathi acinene, kodwa ngenye indlela emoyeni elomile Ingalimaza emaphashini (khumbula imizwa yami emva run okukhulu kakhulu prodolozhitelnosti isilinganiso lapho kufanele ukuphefumula ngomlomo). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngalo ingaphakathi acinene imisiwe uthuli, kodwa ngenye indlela ngisho intsha emaphashini iyefana ngalendoda uthuli. Ngakho-ke, labo umlomo ukuphefumula njalo, begula kaningi futhi ukhiphe ngisho ngemuva zempilo.

ingaphakathi acinene lihlukaniswe by ukwahlukanisa zibe izingxenye ezimbili, kubikwa emuva izimbobo ekhethekile nasopharynx. Ikhala iqukethe izitho olfactory kanye izitho, niqonda pheromone - izinto ezisenza kwabobulili obuhlukile. Ngakho ukuthi zokuphefumula kanye negesi lokushintshisana sipho, futhi liqukethe izingxenye zezinye izinhlelo.

Kusukela nasopharynx ngokusebenzisa emoyeni okungena emlonyeni kuya amalaka, okuyinto ayidingayo ukuba adabule emphinjeni. Esikhathini pharynx - uhlobo kwakuphambana yokuphefumula nowokugaywa kokudla. Kukhona umnakekeli othembekile - the epiglottis evimbela ukudla ketshezi ukuba imuncwe. Kuyinto kancane ngezansi yezwi - Imicu yotshani ekhethekile nokunwebeka, okuyinto zikhiphela umsindo ngendlela efanayo njengoba violin.

Amalaka isifike phansi intamo, lapho esigabeni esilandelayo endleleni umoya - kuqhoqhoqho. Kuyini ezithakazelisayo, abaneminyaka engu-16 kuqhoqhoqho siqukethe uqwanga, kodwa kamuva - ossified. Nakuba lo mgwamanda batjhuguluka lula inqubo emishinini yokuphefumula ziyehluka ngobude nangendlela ubukhulu. Ekupheleni uqhoqhoqho Ihlukana bronchi ezimbili. Bona azikhandle ungene emaphashini, futhi indawo lezi izenzeko awabonakali kusukela ngaphandle.

Amaphaphu engavumelani ngokugcwele lapho thina zijwayele usola yobukhona babo - esifubeni, nabo wakhipha ngamasentimitha ambalwa ngaphezu clavicle. igobolondo yabo ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezimbili, phakathi okukhona kuyo ukuphila kube mnandi kuphela, ngakho ukukhanya kungaba nzima kakhulu futhi ngomshikisho-free (evamile) ukushintsha ukwakheka kwalo.

Igatsha bronchi out bronchioles, bese uya ku-Bubbles ezincane - le-alveoli.

Uma uphefumula ethule angu-70 kuphela emoyeni ifinyelela emaphashini. Ngenxa umehluko ingcindezi oxygen ludlulele capillary igazi emthwalweni alveoli, nesikhutha, ngokuphambene, siphuma capillary kanye alveoli exoshwa.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi unayo isimiso esinempilo zokuphefumula. Futhi ngaleso sikhathi kuyoba i negesi lokushintshisana kakhulu. Lolu chungechunge luyonikeza ukusebenza kahle eliphezulu futhi amahlaya okuhle. Vikela amaphaphu akho kusukela ebuntwaneni. Phela, zonke izinsuku abasenzela kithi umsebenzi onzima futhi avumela amangqamuzana wonke umzimba uthola oxygen kudingekile ekuphileni.