Zindlela inqubekelaphambili yomphakathi: kwencazelo mkhuba kuyadida

intuthuko Social uyinto eyinkimbinkimbi, lomkhuba enezici. Ngokokuqala ngqá sina ziqokonyiswe engxenyeni kwekhulu XVIII yesibili. ukuthuthukiswa kokuqala nomqondo phambili inqubekelaphambili yomphakathi is owned by abacwaningi French Turgot futhi Condorcet. Baqale azama ukuhlonza le criteria intuthuko emphakathini. Nokho, Ukuzimisela kwalezi zindlela, kuwumsebenzi kunalokho xaka.

Umqondo kanye nesakhiwo inqubekelaphambili yomphakathi

Inqubekela kwasekuqaleni simele ukuthuthukiswa esibonakala by aphuma amafomu kancane eyinkimbinkimbi ukuze neliphelele kunalelo, kusukela phansi ukuya phezulu. Lonke emlandweni wezwe ukuthi libhekene entuthukweni phambili.

Umcabango intuthuko kwezenhlalo kuhlanganisa isici esisodwa esibalulekile. Siqukethe eqinisweni lokuthi ushintsho emphakathini zinezikhathi ambalwa nezinguquko qualitative okungaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinguquko zenzeka umphakathi wehlukile, ukuthi lichaza imibandela ka intuthuko emphakathini. Ukunquma ukuthi kunini lapho kufanele kwenzeke eqa qualitative e ekukhuleni komphakathi, okulungiselelwe yonke inkambo yokuhle esandulele yomlando.

isakhiwo inqubekelaphambili yomphakathi ifaka izinto ezikhathazayo futhi umgomo. Uphiko nhloso ubuhlobo impahla zabantu, amabutho ithele kanye nobudlelwane. I element subjective - kuyinto umsebenzi womuntu, enqophe imigomo uyaqaphela.

Tindlelanchubo kwencazelo criteria inqubekelaphambili yomphakathi

Indlela ukunquma nenqubo ye intuthuko kwezenhlalo? Lona umbuzo okungenani ocacile wefilosofi nomphakathi. Lesi simo asibonakali okokuqala, ubunkimbinkimbi umphakathi. Kwakukhona futhi kukhona nemibono engafani ngalokho kukhona nenqubo ye intuthuko emphakathini. Ngangizama ukunikeza incazelo Hegel, ngubani ezikhonjwe intuthuko ukuthuthukiswa ukwazi inkululeko. Indaba yonke, ngokombono wakhe - the lesichubekako, intuthuko enenqubekela phambili umphakathi.

Omunye umbono kungokwalabo Marx, okwaholela out ukuthi ukubhujiswa kwamaJuda isici umgomo ka intuthuko kwezenhlalo, okungukuthi, ukukhula zamabutho elikhiqizayo emphakathini, ukukhiqiza zomsebenzi. Ngokuphambene mbono, NA Berdyaev babekholelwa umbandela wokuthola intuthuko emphakathini ezicini zenkolo. Inqubekela, ngokusho kwakhe, senzeka ezindaweni ephakeme, futhi eyinqaba kuphela umphakathi wesintu, njengoba ngokwemvelo kukhona kwemvelo kuphela.

nombono wanamuhla

Kuze kube manje, ukukhomba zindlela eziningana eziyisisekelo intuthuko kwezenhlalo, kuncike izindlela ezintsha zesayensi zokufunda. Ngokuyinhloko ukuthuthukiswa zokukhiqiza impahla kuyingxenye nenqubo ye intuthuko emphakathini. Incazelo lesi sici ephawula ushintsho kuzo zonke ezinye izindawo zomphakathi. Kodwa kukhona enye indlela, owawuthi ngabanye nesikhundla sakhe emphakathini ifakwa iyahola. Inqubekela phambili umphakathi, ngaleyo ndlela, kunqunywa degree wenkululeko kwezomnotho, kwezenhlalo nakwezombangazwe yomuntu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukwaneliseka umuntu ukuthi isimo sayo ezingokwezimali, isimo ngokomzimba kanye nezempilo komphakathi. Omunye izinkomba eziveza kakhulu ngentuthuko emphakathini ubude obuphakathi yokuphila komuntu. Ekugcineni, umbandela ngentuthuko emphakathini ubizwa nangokuthi degree of inkululeko kwezenhlalo, okungukuthi, yenelise kwezinkambiso zomthetho.