Zinc plating

Ukonakala kwensimbi kwenzeka uma kuhlangana ne-oxygen emoyeni. Ukuze ugweme lokhu futhi ukwandise impilo yomkhiqizo izikhathi eziningana, kuyadingeka ukuba usebenzise izinyathelo zokuzivikela. Ukugqoka i-Zinc kuvame ukusetshenziswa. Le nqubo ihlanganisa ukufaka ungqimba lwe-zinc ebusweni bomkhiqizo. Le nqubo ingenzeka ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene.

Ukushintsha kokusebenza

Kuze kube manje, ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kososayensi kungasebenzisa lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:

- ukugxila okubandayo kwensimbi;

- ukushisa;

- ukusakaza;

- Electrolytic;

- Shopirovanie;

- igesi elinamandla.

Masikhulume ngendlela ngayinye ngokwehlukana.

Incazelo yezinhlobo zokugubha

Izinhlobo ezimbili zingabhekwa njengokujwayelekile: ezishisayo kanye ne-electrolytic. Kulesi simo, indlela yokuqala, ebizwa nge-galvanic, idinga ukufakwa komugqa wonke wokukhiqiza. Kodwa le ndlela ayiphumeleli ngokumelene nokubola. Noma kunjalo, lunikeza umkhiqizo ukubukeka okuhle nokukhazimulayo. Ngakho i-zincing electrolytic isetshenziselwa kuphela ukuhlobisa.

Ukugxilisa okushisayo kuyisenzo esibi kakhulu. Ukuze kusetshenziswe, ingxenye kumele igcize ngokuphelele kwi-zinc encibilikisiwe. Inqubo enjalo ikhiqizwa kuphela kwizinga lezimboni futhi idinga amandla amaningi nokusebenza. Ubuso bomkhiqizo abukhenkcezi, kodwa matte. Kodwa ungqimba luqinile kakhulu kangangokuthi lungalinganiswa nokumelana nokushisa ngensimbi engagqwali.

Ukufudumala okubandayo nokubandayo kuye kwafakazela njengendlela yokuvikela izinsimbi. Uma i-zinc powder noma i-vapor isetshenziswa emkhathini womkhiqizo, besebenzisa ukushisa okuphezulu, le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-diffusion coating. Uma i-zinc esimweni esincibilikisiwe isetshenziswa isibhamu, njenge-staining, khona-ke lokhu kuyisicathulo.

Inqubo yokusebenzisa i-zinc ngokusebenzisa ukugeleza kwe-supersonic ingubo enamandla kagesi. Le ndlela iye yanda ukunamathela futhi inenzuzo ngalokhu uma iqhathaniswa nabanye.

Zonke lezi zindlela zingasetshenziswa kalula kwizinga lezimboni ekukhiqizeni okukhethekile, kodwa ekhaya lezi zinqubo ziyoba nzima kakhulu ukusebenzisa, kanti kwezinye izimo azikwazi ukuzenza.

Ukuze isakhiwo sensimbi sihlangabezane nezidingo ezidingekayo kanye nokuphila komsebenzi, kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana nemigomo yamaphepha okulawula. Kusobala ukuthi sichazwe ngezidingo ezinjalo ku-GOST.

I-Zinc plating iyindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu futhi engabizi kakhulu yokuvikela insimbi kusuka ekubhubhiseni. Akudingi imishini ekhethekile nezinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi kwezobuchwepheshe. Ukusetshenziswa kokubunjwa kwe-zinc akulukhuni kunokwelashwa ngopende. Okuqukethwe kokwakhiwa, okuveza ukugxilwa okubandayo kwensimbi, kulawulwa ngokucacile yi-GOST. Kufanele okungenani ibe ngamaphesenti angu-94 we-zinc.

Iyini le nto?

I-Zinc iyisici samakhemikhali esivela eqenjini lensimbi. It has umbala omhlophe silvery. Ngendlela yayo ehlanzekile inesakhiwo esincane esincane. Isebenza emoyeni emoyeni, okungukuthi okumele kube khona: i-carbon dioxide ne-oxygen. Ngenxa yalokhu kuphendula, i-oxide ibonakala engxenyeni yendawo, enezibopho eziphezulu futhi ayikwazi ukuhlakazeka.

Inkomba ye-electrochemical potential of zinc iyingxenye encane uma kuqhathaniswa nensimbi. Ngakho-ke, lo mbhangqwana ohlanganiswe yi-anode ngendlela ye-zinc kanye ne-cathode-iron. Uma kutholakala umswakama womoya, i-zinc iphendula nayo, futhi i-carbonate yakhiwa. Nguye kanye ne-oxide yakhe engazange ichithe, kodwa limboze umkhiqizo ngefilimu.

Izinzuzo zokucubungula izinhlanzi

- Indlela yokushisa okubandayo inenzuzo enkulu - kungabikho kwemingcele emthamo womkhiqizo osuselwe.

- Asikho isidingo sokuqeda umkhiqizo bese usiletha endaweni yokucubungula. Konke kungenziwa kwenziwe okumile.

- Ubuso, obanjwe ngale ndlela, abuphazamisi umsebenzi ophethwe. I-welds nayo ingaphathwa.

- Ukucubungula kwama-metal izakhi nge-zinc kwenzeka ekushiseni okunethezeka - kusuka ku- -20 kuya ku-40 degrees.

- I-coating ivikela ngokumelene nokubola, futhi ngokwayo ayihambisani nokuguquguquka okujulile, ngoba kunesizotha kakhulu.

- I-Zinc plating ivumela ukusebenzisa izinhlobonhlobo zembala eziphezulu.

- Imisebenzi ingenziwa ngokuzimela, ngaphandle kokuba khona kwemishini nemishini ekhethekile.

- Ukukhishwa kwamafutha e-GOST 9.305-84 kulawulwa ngokucacile ngokubunjwa kwawo kanye nezakhiwo.

- Izindleko eziphansi.

Ukuzicubungula

Lesi sigqoko, esivikela insimbi ekubhubhiseni, singenziwa ekhaya, kuyilapho siqaphela. Ngaphezu kwendlela ebandayo, kungenzeka ukuqhuba ukwelashwa kwe-galvanic. Kodwa kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi i-electrolyte enjalo ingumuthi onobuthi kakhulu. Kumele kuthathwe ngokucophelela futhi ngokucophelela, kubalulekile ukuba nenqubo ngayinye yokuvikela.

Imakethe yokwakhiwa iveza amathuluzi amaningi avumela ukuba kwenziwe ukushisa okubandayo kwezakhiwo zensimbi ekhaya. Ngezinye izikhathi okuqukethwe kwezinto eziyinhloko kuzo kuhluka ebangeni elikhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuphumelela kuyoba phansi, ukwehlisa amaphesenti ayo.

Izingoma ezinjalo zingase zibe nezinye izinkinga:

- isidingo sokulungiselela ngokugcwele ingxenye;

- ukunamathela okungekho emthini, okuholela ekubunjweni kwemikhakha yokugqoka ngenxa yokwehla okuncane;

- Abanye abakhiqizi basebenzisa kuphela isisombululo esithile, esiyinkimbinkimbi yomsebenzi;

- ukusetshenziswa kwesinye isisetshenziswa esikhethekile siyadingeka;

- Abanye bamane abanikezwa ngemidwebo eyengeziwe.

"Galvanol"

Izici ezinhle nezincomo zabathengi banezinto ezifana ne "Galvanol".

Izakhiwo zalo:

- inokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-zinc powder ehlanzekile, efinyelela ku-96%;

- ukuma ngokushesha, ngaphambi kokufaka izendlalelo ezilandelayo akudingeki ulinde ngaphezu kwengxenye yehora;

- sebenzisa ukuhanjiswa okufanayo okubandayo kunoma iyiphi indlela eyaziwayo: ibhulashi, i-roller, ukucwiliswa noma isibhamu se-spray;

- kufanelekile ukudweba okunye ngokudweba kanye nezingqungquthela ze-varnish, kanye nezingubo ze-polymer;

- kungenzeka ukufaka ukugqwala ngaphandle kokuhlanza kuqala;

- ayilahlekelwa yizindawo zayo lapho zisetshenziswa emazingeni okushisa aphansi (kufika ku--35 degrees), kanye nomswakama endaweni;

- ayidingi i-solvent ekhethekile. I-universal efanelekayo, njenge-solvent noma i-xylene.

Abathengi abenza lokhu kubumbana kubanda ukushisa, ukubuyekezwa kushiya kakhulu kulungile. Insimbi imelana nokubola ngenxa yeminyaka eminingana.

Kwenziwa kanjani

Ukucubungula ubuchwepheshe:

- I-zinc ye-liquid ixube kahle, ngoba inomqondo ophezulu futhi uqine. Kudingekile ukuthola inqwaba ye-liquid ejwayelekile. Kusukela ekulungiselelwe kahle indaba yokuvikelwa komkhiqizo, kuncike ekutheni lolu lunga lokulwa nokushisa luzohlala isikhathi eside kangakanani;

- hlanza ingxenye ngokuzenzekelayo;

- kunciphisa indawo nganoma iyiphi indlela efinyelelekayo;

- Faka isendlalelo esilandelayo sokwakhiwa kungakapheli isigamu sehora. Ukuvikelwa emigqeni emibili ye-zinc kuyohlala okungenani iminyaka eyi-10;

- isendlalelo sokugcina, esizokwenza umkhiqizo ubukeke ngokuphelele, ukusebenzisa kahle, ngemuva kokulinda usuku.

Lapho ukugubha okubandayo kwenziwa, ubuchwepheshe kufanele buqaphelwe. Kuphela emva kwalokhu, umphumela wesikole ngeke uhluke kumunye wefektri.

Galvanic

Noma yikuphi ukunxusa kudinga ukunemba okukhulu nokuchithwa, ikakhulukazi ekhaya. Umthombo wamanje kule ndlela ingaba ibhethri yemoto noma yimuphi umshaja onamandla angafika ku-12 V.

Njengoba usawoti we-electrolyte kufanelekile. Kodwa kungcono, uma kuzoba yi-zinc. Ukuze umkhiqizo walo udinga:

- Zinc sulphate - 200 g;

- i-magnesium noma i-ammonium sulphate - 50 g;

- i-acetate ye-sodium - 15 g;

- ilitha lamanzi.

Ungenza usawoti ngenye indlela ngokufaka i-zinc endaweni yokugcina i-electrolyte futhi ulinde ukusabela ekugcineni, emva kwalokho i-asidi iyoguqulwa ibe usawoti. Ukugxila kwakhe kungase kube phezulu. Khona-ke usawoti uhlanjululwa ngamanzi.

Kubalulekile! I-Electrolyte iyingozi, kubalulekile ukusebenzisana nayo ngokuqapha okukhulu. Igumbi ngesikhathi somsebenzi kufanele kube nomoya omuhle.

Impahla yokucubungula kufanele ibe yilazi noma iplastiki ekhethekile. Kulo i-electrode esuka ku-zinc ifakwe. Njengoba kunomininingwane encane, ibhange lomnotho elilula lifanelekile. Ingxenye kumele ihlanzwe kahle futhi ihlaziywe. Kufanele ihlehliswe kwisisombululo esilungisiwe imizuzwana engaphansi kuka-10. Bese ususe futhi uhlanza kahle ngamanzi. Ngemuva kwalokho kubalulekile ukugcwalisa ingxenye. Ukuze wenze lokhu, yenza i-zinc electrode, xhuma emthonjeni wamandla. Ukwakhiwa kwefilimu ye-zinc kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwemizuzu engu-10-40.

Izindleko zokubamba ukushisa okubandayo

Kuqukethwe "kwe-Barrier-zinc" yezinto ezisebenzayo - 96%. Igama lokuvikelwa lisukela eminyakeni eyi-10 kuya kwengu-50. Unomnotho ophezulu, ngoba une-1 kg kuphela ngo-4 m ² . Izindleko zivela kuma-ruble angu-300 kilogram.

"I-Cinol" iyipende eliqukethe i-zinc elinamakhasi angu-95 asebenzayo asebenzayo. Izindleko zivela kuma-ruble angu-340 kilogram.

I-Zinga - ukuhlanganiswa kokukhiqizwa kweBelgium, okuvumela ukuthi kusetshenziswe i-zinc ukugaya, kubanjwe zonke izakhiwo ezidingekayo ukuvikela insimbi ekubhubhiseni. Izindleko zivela kuma-ruby 576 kilogram.

Sekukhulunywe ngathi "Galvanol" - ithuluzi elidumile kunazo zonke phakathi kwama-analogues. Iqukethe okuqukethwe okungu-96% kwe-zinc ekubunjweni nazo zonke izakhiwo ezidingekayo. Izindleko zivela kuma-ruble angu-390 kilogram.

"I-Cinotan" - iqukethe u-85% kuphela we-zinc. Izindleko zivela kuma-ruble angu-380 kilogram. Amakhemikhali avikelayo asekelwe ku-zinc atholakale ebangeni elikhulu. Intengo ayincike kuphela kokuqukethwe kwe-zinc, kodwa futhi idumela lomkhiqizo okhishwayo. Olunye uhlobo oluvumela ukuthi kwenziwe ukushisa okubandayo yi "Cinol".

Indlela yokukhetha okulungile

Lapho uthenga izimali ezidingekile, kungcono ukunaka kusengaphambili ekubunjweni kwayo nasezindlini ezidalwe. Ama-shadow shades awafani ngokuhlukahluka, ikakhulukazi aphezulu. Izinga lesicelo lilingana - alikho ngaphezu kuka-300 g / m ² . Ngakho-ke, lezi zindlela azikwazi ukubhekwa njengezihluthulelo uma ukhetha, kodwa okubaluleke ngempela ukuthi:

- impilo yesevisi;

- izindleko;

- Ukumisa isikhathi;

- okuqukethwe kwe-zinc;

- impilo yeshalofu;

- izimo zokusebenza.

Isiphetho

Ngakho-ke, sathola ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani ukwakha izindlu zensimbi ezibandayo. Njengoba ungabona, lena yindlela enhle yokuvikela ubuso bensimbi emiphumeleni emibi yokubhujiswa, ngaleyo ndlela yandisa impilo yayo yokusebenza.