Inertia amandla

Lapho sicabanga ngezinto amandla inertia (SI), ukungaboni ngaso linye ngokuvamile kwenzeka, okuholela mbumbulu yesayensi okwatholwa eziphikisanayo. Ake sibheke le nkinga ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezintsha zesayensi zokufunda abuye asekele zonke wathi amafomula asekelayo.

Amandla inertia busizungezile. zako, abantu abaqaphela endulo, kodwa abakwazanga ukukuchaza. Ngokuzimisela ke wahlolwa uGalileo, ngaleso sikhathi elalaziwa Isaak Nyuton. Kuyinto ngenxa incazelo yakhe isikhathi eside sebekwazi hypothesis eyiphutha. Lokhu kungokwemvelo, ngoba usosayensi wenza isiphakamiso, futhi ulwazi zanqwabelana isayensi umthwalo kulo mkhakha wayengekho.

Newton wagomela ukuthi impahla esingokwemvelo sazo zonke izinto izinto ezibonakalayo yikhono esimweni motion iyunifomu emgceni locondzile noma lapho esephumule, inqobo nje uma kungekho ithonya zangaphandle.

Ake ngesisekelo ulwazi lwamanje "ukudlulisa" lokhu nokucabanga. Ngisho uGalileo Galilei waveza ukuthi amandla inertia ngokuqondile ahlobene namandla adonsela phansi (Luhambo). A izinto zemvelo edonsa, umphumela okuyinto esobala - it is a iplanethi inkanyezi (ngenxa isisindo sayo). Futhi njengoba babe ukuma eyindilinga, khona-ke futhi ube uGalileo. Kodwa Newton okwamanje aye angashaywa mkhuba ngokuphelele.

Manje sesiyazi ukuthi wonke umkhathi is ebuswa imigqa okudonsa okujula obuhlukahlukene. Ngokungaqondile kuqinisekisiwe, nakuba ayengazi izibalo kwafakazela khona emisebeni okudonsa izinto. Ngenxa yalokho, amandla inertia njalo kwenzeka ngosizo adonsela phansi. Newton e nokucabanga kwakhe "izakhiwo zemvelo" lokhu futhi akazange abheke.

sisukela Okuningi kahle kusukela nezinye izincazelo - wathi amandla liyisici ubuningi Vector ogama value iwumkhiqizo mass (m) ukuthuthela umzimba futhi ukusheshisa yayo (a). Ukusheshisa Vector iqondiswa okuphambene, okungukuthi:

F = m * (- a),

lapho F, futhi - abakuzuzile zithwala amandla, kanye ukusheshisa okuholela; m - mass umzimba ezihambayo (noma zezibalo impahla iphuzu).

Iphuzu elibalulekile: kuyiphutha ukuphetha ngokuthi ukusheshisa kubangelwa kakhulu embuthweni, njengoba kungase kubonakale kusukela ifomula. Yingakho kulotshiwe «-a», kodwa «a» - njengoba mfana.

Physics kanye Mechanics ukunikela amagama ezimbili negalelo elifanayo: i wokugqwayiza osikweni inertia futhi ephathekayo (i-PSI). Womabili la magama kukhona nezilandiso. Umehluko wukuthi ukhetho lokuqala ubhekwa futhi wasebenzisa ngokuhamba Mechanics. Ngamanye amazwi, lo ukulingana:

F-kor = F ngayinye = m * (- a kor) = m * (- ngamunye),

lapho F - the wokugqwayiza amandla; F ngalinye - ethwele amandla inertia; a-kor kanye ngayinye - elihambisana ukusheshisa zithwala.

PSI siqukethe izingxenye ezintathu: i-force centrifugal of inertia, le Translational futhi SI ukujikeleza. Uma kuqala ngokuvamile kalula lokho, khona-ke abanye ababili ezidinga ukuchazwa. Translational inertia amandla kunqunywa ukusheshisa lonke uhlelo mayelana ezinye ohlelweni inertial ngesikhathi Translational ezinyakazayo ezihlukahlukene. Ngakho, kukhona ingxenye wesithathu ukusheshisa elivela uma umzimba uzungeza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, la mabutho ezintathu angaba khona ngokuzimela, ngaphandle kokuba yingxenye PAN. Bonke amelwa eyodwa futhi indlela efanayo eyisisekelo F = m * a nokuhlukile kuphela uhlobo ukusheshisa okuyinto yena, kuncike zinhlobo motion. Ngakho, bayadlubulunda ekhethekile ye wokugqwayiza amandla ka inertia. Ngamunye wabo ehilelekile ukubala we ukusheshisa theory eliphelele umzimba impahla (amaphuzu) e egxilile inkomba uhlelo (engabonakali okwashiwo uhlelo non-inertial).

PSI kuyadingeka lapho sicabangela ezinyakazayo isihlobo njengoba ukudala ukunyakaza komzimba amafomula uhlelo non-inertial kumelwe acabangele nje ezinye amabutho aziwayo, kodwa futhi yayo (F-kor noma F ngayinye).