Yini endlini Soviet yaqanjwa nomholi waseSoviet Stalin, Khrushchev kanye zazo zibizwa ngokuthi

Esikhathini isichazamazwi ingcebo, ngaphezu "dvushek", "treshek" noma "odnushek", igama elithi "idiphozi" kanye neminye imibandela ethize, kukhona kwamagama athile, kusho iqembu project, alawula enkathini ethile. Lathi "kopeck ucezu-Xruschevka nantathu", naphambi kwamehlo kanye kukhona efulethini elincane nomnyango ihholo, a five- noma eziyisithupha imitha-ekhishini, emnyango egumbini lokuhlala kanye lokulala encane, esisogwini ezingeni wesithathu indlu emihlanu-storey.

Ngaphansi kokuqondisa siqu I. V Stalina

Ngaphambi ekuqaleni mass izakhamuzi kufuduka-ukuhlupheka of zewayini, ibhalekisi nemiphakathi ophithizelayo kwaba kwenye inkathi, okwaqala maphakathi nawo-forties ukuze zamashumi amahlanu ngasekupheleni. Asinakusho uma iSoviet Ngazakhela izindlu zibizwa umholi Soviet. esongelayo Igama lakhe metallic babe amathangi, amakhanda kanye nezinye izibonelo ubuchwepheshe enamandla, kodwa izindiza yakhethwa izinhlamvu zokuqala amagama izindiza jikelele. Ungase ngisho nokuthi ukucabanga ukuthi Stalin angaphambili ayesewile, futhi ngisho ekhaleni phansi ... Kungokwemvelo ukuthi izindlu ezakhiwa kusukela ngo-1945 kuya 1960, baqala ukubiza Stalin ngemva kokufa kwakhe, Ukhulumé "ize" igama "uyise wabo bonke izizwe" angase abhekane abanye yezinkinga yalolu shintsho olukhulu umsebenzi esikhathini esizayo. Ngokuvamile, iphathwa Inombolo yephrojekthi nesizotha.

Ikhaya Soviet yaqanjwa nomholi waseSoviet hhayi kuphela ngoba ngeminyaka yawo iminyaka yokuphila kwakhe. Ababukeka umhlobiso ingaphakathi yabonakaliswa umoya kwenkathi futhi ngenxa yobuhle okuthandwa Iosifa Vissarionovicha, abangagcini lazy wonke amasampula senzelwe ekukhiqizweni (nokuningi) nokuhlola mathupha, kuhlanganise izimoto, imisakazo, ama-movie, yebo, okwakhiwa kuzo izindlu.

umbuso kukaStalin

Impilo post-yimpi eU.SSR besihambisana nesiminyaminya abantu sekukhomba besigaxa ngezigaba kanye amamaki. Izikhulu eziqhamuka zezinkonzo ezihlukahlukene zazigqoka iyunifomu ngezibonakaliso umehluko namalogo kweminyango, njengasemhlabeni Tsarist Russia. A bezigaba ezingafani wathembela ezahlukene isikhala ephilayo, okungenani phezu okubi. Iningi labo, ezazihlanganisa izifundiswa, izibalo kwamasiko namalungu kahulumeni ezakhiwa izakhiwo ezikhethekile, ephezulu liyaphuma, futhi kuphela izihloko ze-Union republic. Kube konke: ekhishini omkhulu, futhi Uphahla lwangaphakathi eliphezulu, izindlu zangasese (nge evamile endaweni yokuhlala), namawindi bay (akubona bonke uyazi ukuthi ukukhonza ingxenye odongeni, ezicwebezelisiwe ezinhlangothini ezintathu). Lona inkazimulo ngaphandle wabheka umxhwele. Curls, amasikela, izando izinkanyezi, izithungu ukolweni nezinye izimpawu ideologically umsebenzi wokudala unobtrusively waveza ukuthi onjalo amahle ukhululekile kungaba ekhaya Soviet. Ogama lakhe behlonipha umholi Soviet kwakungelona ezinye izakhiwo ngabanye kanye izakhiwo, futhi omakhelwane yonke nemizana. Kodwa izindlu okunethezeka nhlobo kungabi ngokwanele, ngakho elithi "uhlobo endlini - stalinka" akuyona kwebalingisi ephelele impahla. Endabeni ngayinye, lezi zidinga incazelo.

Stalinkas, ezinhle futhi ezahlukene

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izakhamizi kakhulu Soviet babehlala communes ungakhululekile ngokwedlulele futhi gumbi, ufunyenwe eyodwa yangasese ngezinye izikhathi kunombolo zamadijithi amabili okungasenani amakamelo, isidingo sezindlu ezinhle wathula futhi eside.

Zonke izindlu amaphrojekthi ithuthukiswe eminyakeni post-yimpi, uStalin babesho izinto eziningana nobabili. Bona yayakhiwe ngezitini, bephethe zangasese ehlukile futhi balcony, kuyingxenye esisemqoka zangaphakathi yabo ofakelwe izingubo zokugqoka. uphahla ukuphakama - akukho ngaphansi kuka ngamamitha amathathu.

I stalinki elula (okusalungiswa 1-255) waba izibuya ongaphakeme (amazinga 2-3) endaweni encane kanye ezincane (6-9 sq. M) cuisine. Lokhu kaningi abathintekayo ukwakhiwa amasosha aseJalimane, okuyinto lihambisana ukusetshenziswa kwezinto eziphinde zisebenziseke itholakale kalula, elivezwa emanxiweni post-yimpi, kubangela izinga abampofu ukwakhiwa kwemisebenzi.

Ukuze ngesilwane esifuywayo party-yiSoviet kwaze kwaba ngo-1961 wakha ikhaya ngcono amaphrojekthi uchungechunge 1-414 kanye 1-433, nge ekhishini imitha ayisishiyagalombili-, ephasijini ivulekile, ezinkulu kanye namakamelo sikwele. Phansi futhi ngalesosizathu izimfuneko isisekelo, ziye zanda. Iningi lokhuni ipulangwe phansi zonke izinhlobo Stalin design, kodwa elite kakhulu.

Khrushchev: Kusadingeka ngaphezulu

backwardness Soviet zobuchwepheshe ebonakaliswa ngezindlela eziningi, kufaka phakathi ukwakhiwa. izindlu Iningi-stalinok ezakhiwa kakade eminyakeni Khrushchev. Ijubane ukwakhiwa zasuka okuningi okufanele oyifunayo, kanye izinga.

Ubuholi Soviet maphakathi nawo-kwamashumi amahlanu, waqaphela ngobuze wathola ngenkathi sisondela inkinga yezindlu mass. Sasidinga ubuchwepheshe obusha, futhi bamukelwa phesheya. izindlu prefabricated lwezisebenzi, kushibhile futhi lula, kubonakala N. S. Hruschevym e asemaphethelweni eParis, kwabonakala indlela yokuphuma nesimo esinzima. Architects ngokuphuthuma yasungula amaphrojekthi ukuthi baye baqala ukwakha umfuziselo amakhaya. Khrushchev - ngakho waziwa cishe ngokushesha nje ngemva ikhaya lokuqala elisha, ngaphandle imali ethemini entsha, akukho nobubi. Ngemva esekuficile ezindlini emabhalekisini zokuhlala, siqala elincane, kodwa izigodlo zalo yesimanje kwabonakala, elikhanyayo futhi ethokomele. Ngakho-ke wenziwe ukukhetha amasu phakathi endlwaneni ukhululekile yomntakabani futhi enesizotha, kodwa kwabaningi, nakuba namanje alulona olwawo wonke umuntu.

Naphezu kokuhlaselwa okukhulu izindodla zemali, okuyinto uhulumeni wamaSoviet izimali ukwakhiwa, kuhlulekile ngakho ngokuphelele ukuxazulula inkinga izindlu. Esikhathini yoma, amaphrojekthi amasha ezindlini seyaziwa ngokuthi engenabuntu: "Tit", "Czech", "harkovka", "shestnadtsatietazhka". Kuyaqondakala ukuthi zonke lezi endlini Soviet yaqanjwa nomholi waseSoviet L. I. Brezhneva, kodwa uhlobo lungaphezu kwamandla nombono wokuthi "Breznev" kwadingeka anencazelo ethile. Realtors Ngezinye izikhathi igama elithi isasetshenziswa bavame ukubamba inkungu.