Wadubula umkhuhlane: Izimo. Ingabe ngidinga shot umkhuhlane?

umkhuhlane kwesizini - isifo esithinta izigidi zabantu unyaka ngamunye. Isikhathi evumayo kakhulu lesi sifo ekwindla kanye ebusika, lapho amasosha omzimba womuntu sesibuthakathaka futhi wehluleka ukubhekana amagciwane ngokuphumelelayo. zamagciwane ezahlukene igciwane kungadala ukuthuthukiswa acute nezifo zokuphefumula, kodwa naphezu ubunjalo lwegciwane, izimpawu zifana kakhulu kuzo zonke izimo. Isiguli sinelungelo nemfiva, umphimbo obuhlungu, ayinandaba amakhala yisisu, ukukhwehlela kanye bekhanda.

Ukugonywa ngokumelene umkhuhlane

Ukuze uvimbele sebuningini kuqala izifo ezithathelwanayo eyenziwa ngokugoma. Ngemva kokutholakala odokotela umgomo wokuqala kwasindisa ukuphila kwezigidi zabantu. Against umkhuhlane njalo ngonyaka, izigidi zabantu zigonyelwa ngoba umgomo manje kubhekwe main indlela tekuvimbela ekulweni namagciwane.

Ngezinye izikhathi iziguli ezingaba kuphakama umbuzo ukuthi shot umkhuhlane kuyadingeka? Umgomo material obuthaka viral akakwazi nokuzala emzimbeni. Lapho iqondiswa kunendoda inoculum, iqoqo amaprotheni nsé igciwane asebenzayo, izivikeli mzimba iqala ukukhiqizwa kwamasosha omzimba ngokumelene igciwane.

Isikhathi yokugoma

Thola zigonyelwe umkhuhlane kungcono kakhulu ekwindla (September kuya ku-November), ngoba umqedazwe lesi sifo ngalesi sikhathi kuba okwandile. Thola umkhuhlane esingu izingane kanye nabantu abadala. It is hhayi Kunconywa ukuba bagome wokugoma entwasahlobo noma ehlobo, njengoba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lemali omzimba kuyehla, futhi umphumela akusiyo kuqine.

Ukuze zigonyelwe Umkhuhlane ngangokunokwenzeka futhi emva ekuqaleni kwalolubhubhane. Uma yokugoma iye yenziwa, futhi ngosuku olulandelayo indoda yahlaselwa isifo, umgomo ngeke sibe sibi isifo. zimbi kakhulu kunomkhuhlane kuzokwenzeka uma umgomo kungentiwa, kukhona ngisho nengozi engathi sína.

Ubani odinga umgomo

Kuze kube manje imigomo kakade izinsana kusuka ezinyangeni eziyi-6 ubudala. Kukhona isigaba sabantu abadinga umkhuhlane esingu kwasekuqaleni. Izingozi ezinkulu - asebekhulile, iziguli esibhedlela, wakhulelwa. Kudingekile ukuba bagome izingane nentsha (kusuka ezinyangeni eziyi-6 kuya kwengu-18), ikakhulukazi uma isikhathi eside wasebenzisa aspirin ne ngenhloso yokwelapha. Lezi ziguli lungase lube lukhulu ngokwengeziwe ngenxa yezinkinga Umkhuhlane. Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa abantu izinso izinkinga, kwamaphaphu, inhliziyo iziyaluyalu umzimba, iziguli ezinemishini immunodeficiency, nge gemoglobulinopatiyami nezifo ezithathelwana staph, kanye abafundi nabafundi, ehlale emphakathini.

Wadubula umkhuhlane: Izimo

Indaba eziyisisekelo womshini yokugoma kukhona inkukhu imibungu. Akuwona wonke umzimba uchayeke kubo, futhi kukhona ezinye izimo lapho it is hhayi Kunconywa yokugoma ngokumelene umkhuhlane. Izimo ezihlobene ngokuyinhloko kulezo ziguli abahlushwa ukusabela iguliswa inkukhu amaprotheni. Akubalulekile ukuba bagome abantu esikhathini exacerbation izifo ezingamahlalakhona. Ukugoma iyona ndlela namanje engathandeki amasonto amabili ngemuva ukululama ephelele, ngoba umzimba esibuthaka angase angasabeli.

Akubalulekile ukuba bagome iziguli amafomu okuqhubekayo izifo esithinta izinzwa, kanye umzimba wakho uxabana ne yokugoma.

Uyini umkhuhlane?

Lesi sifo libhekwa njengoba izifo sibi viral, ephelezelwa syndrome obscheinfektsionnym ngefomu ezinzima futhi sithinta ipheshana zokuphefumula. Akubona bonke iziguli uyayiqaphela ingozi yalesi sifo. Kwezinye izimo, umkhuhlane iyaqala ukukhwehlela, imfiva kanye amakhala yisisu, futhi ingase ibangele ukufa isiguli. Izibalo zibonisa ukuthi abantu unyaka ngamunye mayelana 40-ayizinkulungwane ababhekene nazo emazweni asethuthukile ngingofayo kusukela Umkhuhlane kanye nezinkinga ezibangwa kubo.

Izinhlobo umkhuhlane lwegciwane

Lwegciwane igciwane ihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezintathu ezihlukene: A, B no-C I kuguquka njalo igciwane, okuholela antigenic isakhiwo ushintsho yayo kuholela yokuthi kukhona asebenzayo futhi ezala uhlobo qualitatively entsha umkhuhlane virus. Ingozi for labantu itholakala lokuthi ukuthi amasosha omzimba kubo emzimbeni womuntu ongakabi athuthukile, ngakho igciwane kuthinta nesineke futhi kungabangela yezinkinga ezingalindelekile. Transmission of umkhuhlane virus kusuka umuntu ogulayo kudluliselwa amaconsi sisemoyeni, evumela ukuba esidluliselwa kubo bonke imikhakha sabantu.

Umkhuhlane uhlobo A kweso ukumboza insimu enkulu futhi ubhubhane noma umqedazwe. ukusabalala endawo umkhuhlane virus uhlobo B ikuvumela ukulungisa ezinye kokugqashuka yayo futhi ukuthatha izinyathelo ngesikhathi. nokuqubuka okungatheni izifo kubangele Umkhuhlane uhlobo C

izinzuzo imigomo

Ukugonywa kusiza umzimba ukukhiqiza amasosha omzimba enamandla ukusiza ukuvimbela kokuthola umkhuhlane. Ngisho noma abantu zigonywe wabanjwa ukutheleleka, khona-ke isifo kwenzeka ngaphandle yezinkinga ifomu onomoya omnene kuka kulezo kusuka yokugoma wenqaba. prophylaxis Specific kwenziwa ngemigomo bukhoma futhi inactivated. Imfuluwenza esingu izingane ineminyaka engaphezu kwemithathu, has a umsuka yasekhaya. yokugoma okungenisiwe ukuthi unawo wonke amalayisensi adingekayo zenzelwe izingane ezineminyaka engu-6 kuya ku-12 izinyanga.

Inani eliphezulu lwamasosha omzimba oluvame safinyelela ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-14 emva yokugoma. lokugoma Lonyaka ngoba umgomo inikeza amasosha omzimba umzimba emifushane (izinyanga 6-12). Ukugonywa kumele kwenziwe ngaphambi nangesikhathi isizini umqedazwe.

flu Imithi

A wokugoma ezakhelwe ukulwa umkhuhlane, zihlukaniswe izinhlobo eziningana. yokugoma bukhoma - Okokuqala. Zenziwa kusuka amagciwane igciwane ekhishwe ngomyalelo iphephile kubantu. Ngu ekuphathweni acinene, bathuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa amasosha omzimba wendawo. Ukugonywa ngaphambi kokuphelelwa umqedazwe. yokugoma Phila zihlukile kuye bangobani - izingane noma abadala.

Abantu abaneminyaka engama-7 uhlose yokugoma inactivated. It is kanzulu ukuhlanzwa umkhuhlane virus, kwanda amaqanda, futhi inactivated emisebe ye-UV, futhi formalin nge. Ukuze yokugoma inactivated zihlanganisa zomkhuhlane chromatography woketshezi, eluate Centrifuge-Centrifuge.

Subunit nokuhlukanisa inkokhelo yokugoma babe izinhlobonhlobo ezifuywayo amazwe. Lezi zihlanganisa izidakamizwa ezifana "Grippol", "Agrippal", "Begrivak", "VAXIGRIP", "influvac", "Fluarix".

Ukwenqaba yokugoma

Bayanda abantu benqabe ngokugoma. Isizathu siwukuthi ngokuvamile ngemva shot umkhuhlane ukuza ukusabela engathandeki nendaba. ekuphathweni Babengafundile, ikhwalithi embi noma wokugoma ukuzwe emva yokugoma kuholela nezinkinga ezingase ziphakame. Esinye isizathu zokwenqaba yokugoma - ukuthi abazali bebona eziyingozi empilweni yengane yabo.

Ungakwazi senqabele wonke imigomo noma ethile. Ukwenqaba yokugoma ngokumelene Umkhuhlane kudingeka ukuphikisa nokuphoqelela ukwazisa abasebenzi isinqumo umtholampilo.

Kunezindlela eziningi, lapho izisebenzi zezokwelapha uqinisekise ukuthi shot Umkhuhlane engathandeki. Izimo ezihlobene ngokuyinhloko isimo impilo yengane, ehlushwa i ukulimala noma ukugula. Kodwa ngemva kwesimo womntwana kwesejwayelekile, ukugoma kusadingeka ukwenza.

Ngokuba non-lokugoma kuyadingeka ukubhala isitatimende ekhethekile amakhophi amabili (elilodwa - yena, kanti eyesibili - esikoleni, enkulisa noma imitholampilo). Isicelo kumele kuqoshwe ephephabhukwini kwemibhalo sikhungo, kufanele kube: inombolo uguqulwa isignesha, inombolo dokhumenti, cindezela. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kwenqatshwa yokugoma - isinqumo baqikelele isifo ngokumelene okuyinto lokugoma Kwenziwa futhi.

Imiphumela imigomo yokwenqaba

Hhayi njalo ukwenqaba yokugoma Umkhuhlane (isampula - ngezansi) kuyinto isinqumo esifanele abazali. Imijovo yokugoma zivikelwe umthetho, kanti ukungezwakali yabo inkimbinkimbi izimpilo zezakhamuzi. Ngakho, benqatshelwe ukuhamba emazweni ezidinga imigomo ethize. Izakhamizi ungenqaba okwesikhashana ukwamukela e impilo noma isikhungo sakho semfundo, ikakhulukazi uma kunosongo eziwumshayabhuqe noma izifo ezithathelwanayo. In the ukungabikho nemigomo edingekayo unezinkinga e ukuqasha izakhamuzi, lapho kukhona esengozini yokungenwa yigciwane le izifo ezithathelwanayo. Ngamanye amazwi, izingane okungezona zigonywe kanye nabantu abadala abavunyelwe iqembu, uma kukhona izinsolo umqedazwe.

Imiphumela shot umkhuhlane

Wadubula umkhuhlane, Izimo osuvele bawuqonda ngempela, futhi kungaba nomthelela omubi empilweni yomuntu. Kuyinto okuvela amathuba okuba nemiphumela engemihle. Ngaphambi indlela yokwenza umgomo Uzodlula luhlolo kanye nodokotela. uqaphe kakhulu kumele sibonise esimweni inoculation izingane, abesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nabantu asebekhulile. Ukugonywa akusho ukuvikela zonke izifo (Kuleli cala umkhuhlane) nhlobo, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kunciphisa kungenzeka ukutheleleka. yokugoma kwesikhathi kungaholela ukutheleleka nge Umkhuhlane. Kodwa ngisho kuleli cala, ukuze uthumele isifo kuyoba lula kakhulu ukwedlula Ukuyeka wokugoma.

Ngemva inoculation zingase zibe zimbi komzimba kanye nezifo ezingamahlala khona. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kudingeka ukuthi utshele udokotela wakho ngazo. Izingane kufanele bagome okunempilo kuphela, ngoba ngisho okuncane amakhala yisisu ngesikhathi ngokuxhunyelelwa kunganikeza ukuqwasha ingane, ukulahlekelwa okuhlushwa, futhi kwehle amasosha omzimba. Kudingeka nokuba ukugcina imithetho lokunakekela yokugoma ukuze sigweme izinkinga zendawo esikhumbeni. Uma imigomo odlule umzimba ngandlela-thile aphendule ke kusukela okwalandela kufanele uyekwe.