Vitaly Bianchi, "Njengoba ekhaya intuthwane ezisheshayo": Isifinyezo nokuhlaziya

UVitaliy Valentinovich Bianki (1894-1959) ukuthola imvelo, ukubukela nabameleli bayo ogwini eGulf of Finland yabo kuleli ngokwezibalo zika Lebyazhie. Wayengumuntu nesazi semvelo kanye umzingeli, nesazi-mlando zendawo. Lapho ebhala inganekwane, kuba ngokwayo yanjalo esinye sazo, bese nezinye izinambuzane, ochelovechivaya kubo. Lokhu yilokho okwenzeka tale Bianchi "Njengoba ekhaya intuthwane ezisheshayo." Isifinyezo ukwethula ukuthi umfundi isinambuzane ahlukahlukene kanye nezimfanzi.

Nasi ngembhali

Umlobi wafuna izindaba zakhe futhi inganekwane babe ezithakazelisayo ukuze kokubili ngabantwana nangabantu abadala. Izingane abangakwazi ukufunda, lalela ngesithakazelo indaba emfushane "Ezikabani izinyawo?", "Ngubani lihlabelela lokho?", "Kuphi yini lokho?" Kanye encane lwasemaphusheni Bianchi "Njengoba ekhaya intuthwane ezisheshayo." Amazwibela kwendaba ibekwe ngezansi. Abaningi, ezingaphezu kuka-300 tindzaba letimfisha, eyalotshwa umlobi.

Baye ezihunyushelwe ezilimini ezahlukene. Ukuvezwa kubo ngokuvamile benza indodakazi yakhe, futhi waphathwa kuya ku-30 (!) Illustrators. izindaba wakhe bezijabulisa futhi uyafundisa eyanyatheliswa ngo omagazini kwezingane eziningi: "Young Naturalist", "Siskin", "Izingane Friendly", "Umlilo", ". Sparkle" izincwadi namashumi amabili kwanyatheliswa izinguqulo ehlukene. Futhi-ke, kwakukhona opopayi. Phakathi kwabo kukhona emibalabala ikhathuni ifilimu esekelwe indaba Bianchi "Njengoba ekhaya intuthwane ezisheshayo." Isifinyezo yezinganekwane esinitshela kamuva.

Kususelwa imisebenzi ifilimu ibizwa ngokuthi "Journey i intuthwane," umbhali-umqondisi-umkhiqizi E. nazarov.

I-Encyclopedia of Nature

Indaba ngamunye V Bianchi inikeza okuthile umfundi omusha futhi engaziwa. Babuthela amaqiniso nokubona, echazwe isikhathi sonyaka kanye nesikhathi sosuku lapho isenzo senzeka khona. Zonke izilwane, izinyoni, izinambuzane isitshalo echazwe ubuqiniso bayo begazi. Lokho ngaphezulu isithakazelo umfundi, kusihloko ngokuvamile liphenduka umbuzo noma iqala ngegama elithi "njenge-". Ngakho-ke kuqhakambisa okuqukethwe inganekwane Bianchi "Njengoba ekhaya intuthwane ezisheshayo." Isifinyezo umlando ehlathini ngokushesha ubeka umfundi azi ukuthi kungani intuthwane waphuthuma ekhaya lakhe. Futhi kancane kancane, sifunda wabasizi bakhe.

Siqala ukuba afunde indaba

Ilanga wayeya sizibekele yona, futhi intuthwane ehlezi kakhulu phezulu birch. Ngezansi kwaba bomdabu intuthwane esentabeni yakhe. Wayefanele ugijimele: ray lokugcina ilanga izintuthwane uvale zonke ukuqala kanye Imiphumela endlini yakho. Wahlala phansi ephepheni ukuphumula, ukuze ngokushesha ukuya phansi isikhathi ukuze uthole ekhaya lakho.

Kwabe sekwenzekani

Umoya ovunguzayo, waklebhula iqabunga ezihlahleni birch, futhi zadlula kuso intuthwane kude ngaphesheya komfula futhi emzaneni. Ngakho uqala ukuyichaza Bianchi nekhaya intuthwane ezisheshayo. Executive Summary le ndaba emangalisayo is waqhubeka etshela u. Wawa nge leaf edwaleni balimaze unyawo olimele. Ompofu kakhulu lusizi: Manje nje awunaso isikhathi sokuya ekhaya.

Mate lokuqala

Izinyawo ukumzwisa ubuhlungu, futhi esingeke silibalekele. Ungalindele, nangu ekubheka wabona abampofu nabo amacimbi Land wezokwakha futhi ucela usizo kuye.

"Hlala phansi, - uyavuma isibungu -. Nje musa luma" Kwatholakala ukuba kubonakala kuphatheke kabuhlungu kakhulu ukugibela. Wabe izimisele idolo okusezingeni eliphezulu ke waqonda ku Wand. ukhathele kakhulu intuthwane futhi sehla engeyinhle "ihhashi". Ubona pholcidae ngacela ukuba amthathe ekhaya. Wavuma besicabucabu.

Imilenze yakhe ngenhla emzimbeni. Wayeqombola umlenze womntwana, bese sahamba ngemuva. Imilenze kwezingodo spider-like, kodwa kuthatha kade. Ngesikhathi inani labantu intuthwane ekhaya. Indaba Bianchi "Njengoba ekhaya intuthwane ezisheshayo," uyaqhubeka.

Beetle kanye Bug-Bloshachok

Lapho Spider wabona mabhungane phansi, wathi iqalisa ngokushesha okukhulu futhi kungazelelwe sola intuthwane ekhaya.

Beetle lawela phezu intuthwane ogulayo, ngokushesha okukhulu bagijima bonke imilenze eziyisithupha. Wagijima waya emasimini amazambane kanye yehlukana Ant. Lapha lo mzalwane wasiza le amancane Beetle-Bloshachok. Yena linamathela intuthwane yakhe, ngoba imilenze babe Bloshachka njengoba iziphethu. Babe ozokhula, bese qondanisa. Kweso lonke ensimini ukhwele ngomoya Bloshachok. Nakhu ekhaya kanjani intuthwane ezisheshayo. Bianchi ukubeka phambi kwakhe isithiyo esingenakunqotshwa - kocingo oluphakeme. Ubani eyomsiza okwengeziwe? Ilanga kokuthola njalonjalo, kanye intuthwane namanje kude.

Intethe futhi bemizimba

Through the kocingo ababezokwakha isihambi intethe wahlupheka. Futhi ngaphambi - emfuleni. Njengoba ekhaya intuthwane ezisheshayo! Bianchi futhi nzima indlela yakhe. Kodwa kwakukhona futhi kuyinto umsizi - amanzi striders-Bug.

imitha yamanzi phezu kwamanzi uya, omunye phansi, noma kunalokho, njengomuntu skater kwi esikhungweni sokushwibeka. Lapha sisuke kancane bajwayelane izici ukunyakazisa izinambuzane ezahlukene. Ngakho wathuthela ngaphesheya kwe-intuthwane.

Ilanga ayecashe kakade

Uyabuka intuthwane - ilanga-ke cishe akubonakali. Izinyawo zonke elimele kabi, uyisebenzise ayikwazi ukuqhubeka. A isidingo shesha kodwa kanjani? Khona-ke ngo-kukhasa Melolontha (ibhungane, ezinamandla kakhulu futhi ezisindayo). Zonke izinambuzane zibonakala njengoba ikhaya intuthwane ezisheshayo. Tale V.Bianki uqhubeke ezindizayo. Intuthwane wagibela phezu amaphiko ibhungane umtshela ukuba ushintshe ekhanda. Melolontha wavula ngo amaphiko amabili okuqinile kuqala, bese uyayekela wabo nomzimba omncane, angenisa ukukhanya futhi - bamuka. Sifikile-birch lwendabuko futhi kuso ku bye esibhakabhakeni. Kuyinto ngempela mnyama. Adventure lokugcina intuthwane ngeke Bianchi. Njengoba intuthwane esephuthuma ekhaya? Okuqukethwe inganekwane kubonisa ukuthi kwakunzima kanjani ukuba uthole umntwana unina isiduli esikhulu. Budworm isibungu wenqaba ukumsiza. Wehle bawadinga ngokuphuthumayo: ukuhlala ngomzuzu wokugcina. Intuthwane lunged at wakhe futhi kancane. Caterpillar lalethukile futhi bawa kuso isimo amahlamvu.

Intuthwane ke isenkingeni, futhi bewa ndawonye. Kungazelelwe, into ababengakaze ababoshwa. Ubona ngentambo intuthwane mncane. Kuqhamuka budworm esiswini futhi bebaningi, futhi akusho aphule. Ngakho bobabili phansi yezinhlamvu ziyakhishwa. Yehla, futhi inkambo oyedwa vó, sengathi elinde isihambi. Intuthwane wagxuma kuwo - futhi ekhaya. Kuphethwe! Sunshine Village. Yilokho ukuzidela babe ngenkathi ekhaya intuthwane ezisheshayo. Ibhalwe njengoba incazelo eningiliziwe umsizi ngamunye - akukho izincwadi akudingeki ukufunda.

ukuhlaziywa yezinganekwane

uvele Lapho, bobabili abanakekeli ithalenta umbhali - nengcweti umxoxi. Usosayensi wachaza indlela izintuthwane ukuyolala ebusuku. Wachaza ngokuningiliziwe ikhono izinambuzane, elalihlanganyela i intuthwane. Caterpillar inyonyoba Umdabuli tente, bese waqonda. Good Daddy-eside nemilenze ngezingubo izimpiko omkhulu ohamba kancane. Beetle emhlabathini olelezekileyo beshesha kakhulu, yena odlula ufana nemoto, kodwa hhayi zonke izithiyo zinganqotshwa. Potato ensimini kwenzakala kakhulu kuye. Bug-Bloshachok kuzuba ngokushesha okukhulu, kodwa gxuma siphakame njengoba intethe, akakwazi. On amanzi iqalisa esihle futhi akusho ukucwila imitha Bug-amanzi. Chafer Zindiza njengokhozi endizeni. By endleleni, it has isici esikhethekile. Ngu zonke imithetho physics, ayikwazi ukundiza, kodwa izimpukane! Ososayensi imfihlakalo Kusafanele sicacise. Budworm isibungu ulakho ukukhipha ntambo kusukela esiswini ke lokuwaphendula abe umfece. Futhi umfece bayolala iziphungumangathi, zazo kuyoba leaf abasha. Konke lokhu usosayensi ulwazi.

Bianchi Umxoxi

Bonke abakhileyo emahlathini kanye nezinkundla ukukhuluma nomunye, abafuna ukusiza intuthwane ngeshwa. Indlela ikhaya ugcwele novivinyo ezamehlela. Kodwa ekugcineni, njengoba kulindeleke, inganekwane bajabule.

"Ikhaya Njengoba intuthwane ezisheshayo": imicabango yabantu abazali

Abafundi ukugubha ubungani kanye nosizo mutual, okuletha inganekwane. A ulwazi lwesayensi - ingcebo yangempela, okuyinto wasidalula ihlukaniswe ifomu art ne umfundi abasha. Abaningi baye baphawula izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu kulena. Kuyinto enhle ukuthi ezibekwe zonke lisakazeka. Kweminye imindeni, le ndaba iye yavusa isithakazelo esikhulu entsha e izinambuzane. Izingane eziningi walalela izikhathi zakhe eziningi kangaka ukuthi bayazi ngekhanda.

Izibuyekezo ezinjalo azizintsha neze ngephutha. V. Bianchi wazalelwa emndenini sesayensi. Ngangihlala eduze Zoological Museum, lapho uyise wasebenza. Lokho ubaba wafundisa Vitali ukugcina incwadi yezenzakalo bemvelo. Kamuva, wahamba kakhulu ezweni lethu futhi njalo zaziletha ababecabanga omusha oqoshiwe. Lokhu kudala eziningi imisebenzi captivate ohlangothini yomfundi kwezobuciko nesayensi.