Uyini umbono ocatshangelwayo? Ukuchaza umqondo

Lokhu ukwamukelwa kungenziwa yahlulelwe kungaba iqiniso noma amanga. Lokhu isitatimende udinga ubufakazi. Okungukuthi, ke liyisici esidingekayo ekuthuthukisweni kwe-isayensi.

Kulolu shicilelo sikunikeza incazelo "ocatshangelwayo" umqondo, kanye ngikuxoxele imicabango ezishaqisayo ezakha kakhulu ezweni lanamuhla.

Inani

Hypothesis (kusukela umbono ngesiGreki, okusho "base") - kuyinto nokucabanga wokulungiselela, echaza enhlekeleleni ethile noma iqembu imihlola; Kungase ne-khona bento noma isihloko, impahla yayo, futhi izizathu ukubukeka kwayo.

Ngu uqobo, umbono akulona iqiniso hhayi amanga. Vele bethola isiqinisekiso, kwakhishwa lesi simemezelo liphenduka iqiniso futhi esabakho.

Esikhathini isichazamazwi Ushakova unenye definition ukuthi onjalo mbono ezinjalo. Lokhu kucatshangwa unproved yesayensi, has a okungenzeka ethile bese uchaza izenzakalo kukhona ofuna ukuphumela obala ngaphandle lokhu nokucabanga.

UVladimir Dal kusichazamazwi sakhe futhi uchaza umbono ocatshangelwayo ukuthi anjalo. Inchazelo Lithi kuyinto ukuqagela, zokucabangela (hhayi esisekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kwawo, abstract) isikhundla. Lokhu incazelo ulula futhi emfushane.

Ayikho ngaphansi abadumile Brockhaus futhi Efron futhi icacisa ukuthi onjalo mbono ezinjalo. Iinhlathululo okunikezwe kuwo ixhunyiwe kuphela ne simiso ngesayensi yemvelo. Ngokusho kwabo, le nokucabanga uwukubonakaliswa nathi ukuze uthole incazelo yaleli asho into. Lezi izitatimende yomuntu iza lapho akakwazi ukunquma izimbangela lomkhuba.

komqondo nezinga lokukhula kwengane

Ngo inqubo cognition, okuyinto iqondiswa nokucabanga ezikhishwe 2 izigaba.

Eyokuqala, esakhiwa ngezigaba eziningana, - ukuthuthukiswa ezizathwini siqu. In the isinyathelo sokuqala kulesi sigaba kukhona isandiso isikhundla. Ngokuvamile kuba Ukuqagela, ngisho kancane okungenasisekelo. In esigabeni sesibili ngosizo lokhu conjecture wachaza amaqiniso ezazaziwa nalabo wavula ngemuva ukubonakala ezizathwini.

Ukuze umbono ocatshangelwayo, umbono kumelwe ahlangabezane nezimfuneko ezithile:

1. Kufanele akuphikisani yena.

2. Isikhundla enwetshiwe kufanele ihlolwe.

3. Ngeke iyaphikisana amaqiniso, ezingalotshwanga ezihlobene emkhakheni hypothesis.

4. Kufanele athobele isimiso lula, t. E. Akufanele kube yokuthi awusebenzi ukuchaza.

5. Kuyinto ukuba lithwale izinto ezintsha futhi babe okuqukethwe okwengeziwe.

In esigabeni sesibili iyona ukuthuthukiswa kolwazi, okuyiyona ndlela umuntu uthola esebenzisa umbono. Kalula nje, yingoba kuwubufakazi noma disproof.

imicabango entsha

Ekhulumela ukuzimisela ukuthi onjalo mbono onjalo kufanele alalelwa ezinye zazo. Ezweni lanamuhla eye waphumelela kakhulu emhlabeni yolwazi nokunye okuye kwatholwa isayensi. yemibono eminingi ecatshangelwayo ziye phambili ngaphambilini waphikisa futhi zithathelwe indawo ezintsha. Ngezansi ezinye imibono eyayisinesikhathi ethusa kakhulu:

1. The Universe - isikhala elingapheli, futhi ketshezi impahla adalwe umthetho owodwa. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi indawo yonke uhlobo ukutsheka emhlabeni lapho kwakwenziwa.

2. Sonke - the ukufaniswa! Ngokwabacwaningi Canadian, sonke siyinzalo ka-nezidalwa bakha eyayenziwe wadala nzalo landa lisuka ingqamuzana eyodwa ngamapayipi ukuhlolwa.

3. Izinkinga zempilo kanye umsebenzi zokuzala, futhi yehlise umsebenzi wocansi elihlobene ne obhekwe amakhemikhali zokwenziwa e ukudla.

Ngakho, umbono akusilo ulwazi oluthile. Lena imfuneko ukubukeka kwayo kuphela.