Uyazi yini ukuthi lo mshini edume kunazo Nobel?

Kunzima ukuthola umuntu ngeke azi ukuthi ubani Alfred Nobel. Yiqiniso, kuthathwa ngokuthi akubona bonke ujwayelene nomsebenzi wakhe futhi abazi ngenxa yalokho impumelelo, ngaphezu kokusungulwa ethandwa kakhulu lokubanjwa neziqhumane, waba emhlabeni odumile, kodwa mayelana uMklomelo KaNobel wezwa sonke isintu.

Namanje esikoleni umsunguli waqala sina ahileleke chemistry yemvelo. Akazange engasenandaba lezi sciences kanye lapho usukhulile. Ubaba usethe laboratory encane lapho wayifeza ucwaningo lakhe eminyakeni, futhi akubanga yize, ngoba kokusungulwa edume kunazo Nobel ayedumile emhlabeni ngokuphazima kweso kuye.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi isithakazelo Alfred ngokuthi kuqala iziqhumane. Wayesebenza nge-nitroglycerin, bezama yokulawula it. Inkinga eyinhloko, ku okwase kuyisikhathi eside walwa, kwaba umkhiqizo detonator. Kodwa lokhu kwenzakala ukuba ngempela ixazululwe - umsebenzi babhekana isivalo sensimbi, pre-ezigcwele mercury. Ngakho, ingxube nitroglycerin eziningi izinto eziphilayo buphendukile baba edume kunazo okusungulile kaNobel dynamite osesikhundleni.

Waqale ephethwe ukuze sifinyelele lokho kwase kuphephile emsebenzini iziqhumane. nitroglycerin Scientific exutshwe izinto umswakama - umphumela uba powder okuyinto yashaya ngemva nje iloli detonator ekhethekile. Uma kaNobel lobunikazi okusunguliwe, masinyane ahlinzekwa ukusebenzisa abasebenzi ujantshi Swedish njengendlela yokuthola mhubhe. Dynamite sazibonakalisa kahle kusukela ngosuku yokuqala: lokhu kungumnikelo esebenzisa iziqhumane iqondiswe wadala imigudu ezintabeni, usuliwe ezinamatshe eziphansi emifuleni, udale iziteshi.

Kodwa ngokushesha kokusungulwa edume kunazo Nobel asisetshenzisiwe kuphela izinjongo zokuthula. Nakuba wayengafuni odumo, "abadayisi egazini", njengoba ngokuthi abantu bangesikhathi sakhe, futhi abangahambisani nokuthi empini, kodwa udumo enkulu-ke wathola dynamite ukusetshenziswa emisebenzini yezempi. Lena enye yezindlela okwakubonakala izizathu okuyinto umsunguli isungule umklomelo ngamazwe. Njengoba wazi, ke imakwe impumelelo yomhlaba isayensi, izincwadi kanye nemisebenti lehlose eqinisa ukuthula.

emva iplanethi Eminyakeni embalwa wabekwa icala kokusungulwa edume kunazo Nobel ubuhlakani kungaba ukudlula yena futhi ekhiqizwa i isiqhumane ibe namandla nakakhulu - ongenantuthu neziqhumane ngokuthi ballistite.

Lezi impumelelo evelele kunazo labasibekela nezinye yakhe. Nakuba inani lonke ekuphileni, u-Alfred Nobel ekhishwe 355 patent. Kodwa akazange ukubhekana kuphela imisebenzi yesayensi esesandleni sakhe izinkampani 93 ezazisemizini amazwe 20. Sekukonke, benza njalo ngonyaka ukukhiqiza amathani 66,5 iziqhumane.

Ngalezo zinsuku, iningi okusungulile ezinhle Alfreda Nobelya waliyisa ekubeni okusetshenziselwa ukwakha ukuthula. Ngezenzo kwaba nomthelela kule nkinga ukwakhiwa, kubekwa kwezimayini imigudu, ukuhlanzwa komgwaqo, baqala ukusebenzisa i-dynamite, ngisho imishini imisebenzi.