Usuku Slavic Literature Culture: Umlando

Emlandweni ezizweni zonke lapho mlando epochal ukuthi umugqa obomvu uhlukanisa isikhathi, efanekisela ushintsho futhi ubuyekeze. Okokuqala nje ehlangene ubuzwe, okwaphela amakhulu eminyaka amaningi zezombusazwe ngenhla nengcebo. Yiqiniso, isikhathi eside, ingokomoya isayensi kuyahambisana, wahlanganyela imfundo, kulondolozwe amagugu kanye nomlando. Yingakho izibalo abaningi ababevelele Ephakathi kwenzakala abefundisi. Ziyakwazi abanomqondo ovulekile, abathanda ujwayelene zonke sciences, wayazi ulimi nokuma kwezwe, kubonakala phambi imigomo zokuziphatha eziphakeme futhi zemfundo. Laba bantu, ukushintsha inkambo yomlando futhi ubani negalelo engakaze ibonwe - isisindo salo ngegolide. Lokho imikhosi kungani behlonipha yabo namanje zihlelekile, futhi isibonelo esigqamile saleli - leli holidi "Suku Lwezindaba Slavic Ukubhala Namasiko."

prehistory

Le iholidi eladabuka imemori kwabazalwane ababili ababizwa eThesalonika. Kirill mina Mefody kwakungamadodana baseByzantium, igama eliphelele lalowo muzi - indawo abazalelwa - Thessaloniki. Bavela umndeni ihloniphekile futhi iletha yingcweti kahle ngesiGreki. Ezinye zemihla zibonisa ukuthi kule ndawo eye yasakazwa kanye Nokho, ulimi lwesigodi wendawo, okuyinto kungokwalabo Slavic, obubhalwe ubufakazi bokuba khona ulimi lwesibili ongowokuzalwa abafowethu bathola. Izazi-mlando eziningi attribute imvelaphi yabo Bulgarian, ebhekisela imithombo eminingana, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi bangabafokazi amaGreki ngokuzalwa. Ngaphambi izifungo uConstantine uCyril egqoka igama. NoMethodius Sibahlanu kubazalwane umndeni futhi wokuqala umhlala abangena esigodlweni sezindela. UConstantine wathola imfundo yekhethelo, kufanele banikezwe udumo nenhlonipho imvelo ngokwesayensi. Ngemva uchungechunge lwezenzakalo, waya kumfowabo esigodlweni sezindela kanye nabafundi bakhe kanye nozakwabo. Kwaba kukhona ukuthi waqala umsebenzi omkhulu, lowo uyakhazinyuliswa kubo.

Ifa abazalwane

Umlando lomkhosi lwesiSlavic ulimi olubhalwayo sihlehlela emuva izenzakalo 9th ekhulwini BC. e. Kuzoqalwa nge-Cyril uyafunga esigodlweni sezindela, kwaqala umsebenzi ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Cyrillic zamagama. Ngakho-ke manje ukubizwa ngokuthi omunye amagama lokuqala isiSlavonic Esidala Sesonto. Primary igama lakhe - "Glagolitic". Kukholakala ukuthi abanye abantu babhekwe njengabezinye indalo yayo kwavela ngonyaka 856. Umfutho icebo yabo kwaba umsebenzi wezithunywa zevangeli nobuKristu wokushumayela. Setha ababusi benkolo iphathwa ngalezo zinsuku eConstantinople, ecela ukuba abenzele mithandazo nezingoma ngolimi lwabo lwendabuko. uhlelo Glagolitic avunyelwe uCyril noMethodius elihunyushwe eziningi amabhuku ku Church ulimi lwesiSlavic futhi ngaleyo ndlela wabavulela indlela yokuya ubuKristu eMpumalanga.

canons zenkolo

Kodwa ngaphakathi kohlaka umlando ekugubheni lwamaSlav Literature Culture is hhayi kuphela ehlangene alfabhethi, kodwa futhi nge izimpilo abazalwane uCyril noMethodius. Bakhandwa abagcotshwa ngokuthi osanta futhi ohlonishwayo kuleli aseMpumalanga naseNtshonalanga. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngo-oda nezenkolo amagama abo - noMethodius, bese Kirill. Mhlawumbe lokhu ukhuluma ibencono yomfowabo mdala owayeyazi lugujwa eceleni, naphezu kwezinkinga elalibhekene ezibaluleke kakhudlwana ucwaningo iminikelo umfowabo. Izithonjana ziboniswa ndawonye njalo, abangcwele zaqashelwa ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lesi-9.

Umsuka umkhosi

Ukuhlola umsebenzi abazalwane, baseBulgaria, ababe lwamaSlav abaseduze, sanquma ukumaka umcimbi. Kakade kusukela ngekhulu le-11, njengoba kusho umbiko we kweminye imithombo, kwakukhona ibandla usuku esemthethweni migubho. Usuku laligxile 11 Meyi. Sekungamakhulu amaningi eminyaka kwaba usuku inkumbulo kwabangcwele, futhi kamuva, sokuthuthwa kwempahla kuyisayensi nasemfundweni, umcimbi yaphenduka ekugubheni Slavic Wezincwadi. Kwakuwusuku abantu Bulgarian kwaba umqalisi imikhosi kanye umengameli ukuthi leli siko. Abantu uyaziqhenya uCyril noMethodius ukuKhanyiselwa, darivshimi emhlabeni Slavic ithuba lokuzibusa futhi inkululeko yezwe, kuhlanganise umugqa isonto. Lolu suku uye waba emaphakathi empilweni yamasiko nangokomoya abantu Balkan.

ngekhulu le-19

Kuningi osekushintshile ngasekupheleni 18th - ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19: kubukezwe ngokwamagugu, imikghwa, intuthuko ekuseni. Kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi lapho umkhosi kwesiSlavonic nezincwadi zokufunda got impilo entsha. Qala futhi waqala eBulgaria, lapho imikhosi mass yayiqhutshelwa 1857. Engafuni ukudlulwa abanye lwamaSlav nokukhumbula ezinye umfutho ekuthuthukiseni yezilimi, izincwadi kanye nesayensi akuniké ukuthuthukiswa zamagama, futhi isimo Russian uye wahlela ukugubha, kodwa 1863. Phezu kwesihlalo sobukhosi ngesikhathi Wayengubani u-Alexander ||, futhi umbuzo kwi-ajenda - kuvukela Polish. Nokho kulo nyaka ka-wakhipha isimemezelo ku ekugubheni inkumbulo usuku uCyril noMethodius, Meyi 11 (isitayela ubudala), usuku wakhethwa isiGungu Esingcwele seSonto. Ngo-1863 kwenzeka ukugubha iminyaka engu-Kweminyaka usuku elindeleke yokudalwa kwendawo isiSlavonic Esidala zamagama.

isikhathi lokulibala

Naphezu kokuhlaselwa okukhulu inhlonipho alinganayo ongcwele kubaphostoli, futhi ukuhlolwa umnikelo wabo ngesimo ngokuhumusha izincwadi zenkolo, usuku ongasoze walibaleka, alotshiwe kwekhalenda isimo, isikhathi eside wabonakala ukhohlwe. Lokhu kungenzeka ukuthi zihlotshaniswa ekuthuthukiseni ukunyakaza wamavukelambuso, a etat Ukuketulwa, bephika canons isonto, nezimpi, nokuduma zavunguza Eurasia. Nalapha futhi iholide kwesiSlavonic nezincwadi zokufunda lavuselelwa eRussia ngo-1985. Lokhu senzakalo senzeka Murmansk, sibonga umbhali, ngokuphindaphindiwe yaklonyeliswa State Prize - Maslov Vitaly Semenovich. Nguye nginogqozu e ukuvuselelwa nentshisekelo kulo mkhosi njengamanje, futhi ngokusuka kwakhe kwaba lesikhumbuzo ukuze uCyril noMethodius e Murmansk. Umphakathi evuthayo, wakhulela isiko ukuthi sekuyisikhathi eside ibhaliswe ngokomthetho.

Day National

ukugubha Esemthethweni lapho kwemukelwa ajenda uCyril noMethodius uwela-January 30, 1991. Uthe lesi sinqumo senziwa nguMengameli we Russian Federation. Lesi yisihloko sokuqala futhi kuphela yayo uhlobo ngeholide-zenkolo. Usuku wakhethwa 24 Meyi, Analogue of May 11 ekhalendeni likaGregory. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi celebration wathatha indawo komunye wemizi, ngakho esikhathini kusukela ngo-1991 kuya ku-2000 babe lapho ukuzamazama kwaqala khona imicimbi eMoscow, uVladimir, Sifundazwe, Kostroma, orel, Yaroslavl, Pskov, Ryazan. Kamuva yasetshenziswa kanye kude ngaphezulu kusukela dolobha - Novosibirsk, Khanty-Mansiysk. Kusukela ngo-2010, esinqumweni uMongameli D. A. Medvedeva maphakathi izenzakalo kwamasiko nenkolo ehleliwe eMoscow.

wemikhosi yenkolo

Holiday Umlando lwesiSlavic Literature Culture eqala izenzakalo zesonto anikezelwe sts uCyril noMethodius. Njengomthetho, indawo ebaluleke kunazo zonke izikhathi imicimbi ebalulekile engokomoya baba LikaKristu UMsindisi Cathedral, okuyinto uqhuba isevisi, Umbhishobhi omkhulu eMoscow All Russia. imikhosi Traditional ehilela ekuseni Waphezulu Inkonzo. Kamuva, impunga inkulumo, ebhekisela ebandleni, komoya amaqembu state. Izindonga abazalwane lethempeli elibizwa ngokuthi "othisha lwamaSlav." Okokuqala, uthi ukuma zemfundo zabangcwele, baletha abayeni kubantu izwi, isiko, ulimi, eqondiswa imithetho yaphezulu kwezinkambiso zokuziphatha. Umqondo imfundo sitolikwa eyayenziwa esontweni ekushayweni ukukhanya, ekhomba kumuntu ngendlela ekukhanyeni, futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuNkulunkulu. Okwamanje ibandla bahileleke impilo yezwe, ekuphenduleni izinkinga zezombusazwe futhi ubunzima bokuphila of amalungu esonto. Lokhu kuvumela hhayi kuphela ukulahla phansi, ngokuvakashela izimfundiso, kodwa futhi ukufunda isikhundla esontweni imibuzo eziyisisekelo zokuphila futhi wekuba sive. Emva ingxenye esemthethweni izindonga lombhishobhi senziwa udwendwe ukuze lesikhumbuzo ukuze uCyril noMethodius. Itholakala phakathi edolobheni laseMoscow, ku Slavyanskaya Square. Kukhona wenziwa umthandazo, futhi amagoda ezimbali Labe selithumela.

imikhosi mass

Kanye isonto, iholide simo "Suku Lwezindaba Slavic Literature Culture" e ukubonakaliswa mass ke akusho lutho kangako. Njengoba lolu suku isimo, izinhlangano zomphakathi ukubamba amakhonsathi, nemibukiso, izethulo, ukufundwa, imincintiswano nezinye izenzakalo. izenzakalo isikhungo iba Red Square, kuyinto ekhonsathini emikhulu eqhutshelwa kuzona, ephumela ntambama ne izinkulumo esemthethweni, futhi ihlala isikhathi eside ngokwanele. Enkundleni esikhundleni soloists namaqembu, ukudala esimweni zemikhosi emigwaqweni. Ububanzi izenzakalo kugcizelela yabalingisi - kuba abahlabeleli ngobukhulu, symphony orchestra, ngeqembu labadlali bezinsimbi zomculo Folk amathuluzi. Abalingisi kanye abethuli uzizwa ehloniphekile ukukhuluma kulesigaba Lesiphakeme. Ikhonsathi okuvezwa iziteshi zomphakathi. Ngaphandle kwenhloko-dolobha futhi iphatha ukugubha igxile endaweni emaphakathi, eduze esikhumbuzo, emapaki, imitapo. Linikeza iskripthi ukugubha olulodwa kwesiSlavonic Literature, okuyinto elawula nemingcele eyinhloko imikhosi ngezimali.

ukuthuthukiswa isiko

UCyril noMethodius Day linendima ebalulekile empilweni yamasiko yezwe. Ubhebhezela esizukulwaneni esisha nentshisekelo yezilimi, izincwadi, umlando, wethula abantu asebebadala kanye nezindawo eziwumlando. kakhulu Umlando holidi "Suku Lwezindaba Slavic Literature," kusho umgomo wayo obalulekile - imfundo. izinkulumo zeningi, izingqungquthela, ukufundwa - labo imisebenzi ezisiza izivakashi nalokho okutholakale muva, izinguqulo ezinkulu weqiniso zomlando, imisebenzi emisha etemibhalo lesibonwa.

iholide Geography

Usuku, izincwadi kanye namasiko - akubona hhayi kuphela eRussia. Lo mkhosi idume geography enkulu, ehlanganisa amazwe zomhlaba Slavic. Yiqiniso, lugujwa eBulgaria, okuyinto ezithakazelisayo, kuba isimo eCzech Republic naseMakedoniya. ISoviet Union yakuqala, uhlala omunye ozithandayo. Ukugubha ku ezigcawini zedolobha, amasonto, imitapo yolwazi, izikole aphethwe emizini Moldova, Transdniestria, Ukraine, eBelarus. Ngokwesiko kwalolu suku ekulungiseleleni izinkundla, imihlangano, ukufunda evulekile, ukushicilelwa zincwadi ziphakathi kokulandisa okuvelele futhi Tindzaba zomlando. Ukuze ehlukahlukene okuqukethwe imisebenzi samanje sokugubha nemigubho exhunywe abalobi esenzeka kokufa abefundisi noma uphawu zomlando.

Indlela ukuchitha lokubhala nosuku?

izikhungo zezemfundo Abaningi pre-school, zamasiko nezinhlangano zomphakathi ngendlela yabo ukugubha Slavic Ukubhala Namasiko. I simo zingase zihluke. Othile ekhetha ubambe fundraisers, umuntu ligxile ifa etemibhalo namalimi wemiphakathi, othile ekhetha amakhonsathi kanye nemibukiso. Yiqiniso, indaba yobunye kazwelonke, ukukhula okungokomoya, ingcebo ukubaluleka yolimi lwebele usesikhundleni okuholela. Lapho silungiselela iholide lwesiSlavic Literature Culture, iskripthi uthatha isikhundla ekuholeni ngokuthi isidingo yayo lwezikhathi ecacile nge schedule njalo ngehora.

Isikhumbuzo ukuze uCyril noMethodius kukhona emadolobheni amaningi eRussia nakwamanye amazwe. Umnikelo abangcwele, abagcina belahlekelwe amaSlav ukhiye ekuthuthukiseni isayensi yezilimi, kunzima overestimate. Usuku Slavic lesibhalwako Ulimi - esinye sezenzakalo ezibaluleke kakhulu ekuphileni yezwe nabantu Slavic.