Ushevu ne ETHYL utshwala: izimpawu, usizo lokuqala, ukwelashwa, imiphumela

Isimo ukuthi yenzeka ukusetshenziswa ethanol, kuba ezijwayele wonke umuntu owake wazama izinhlobo zophuzo oludakayo. lokuhlala Small lokhu chemical kwenza umuntu sikhululeke kakhudlwana futhi bejabule. Kwezinye izimo, ukusebenzisa uphuzo equkethe utshwala izinto eziningi ezincane, kuholela ukucobeka kanye nokunganaki. It kuncike izici umzimba umzimba. Abantu abaningi bayazi ukuthi uma "kude kakhulu" ngotshwala ke kukhona yimbi. Okungukuthi - isicanucanu, isiyezi, nedumbe uma uhamba, ukuhlanza. ukubonakaliswa okunjalo ubufakazi lokudakwa.

Utshwala ushevu kweziqu ezimelele yayo

Ushevu ne ETHYL utshwala kuvamisile lapho uyisebenzisa ngaphakathi. ukudakwa Ngaphansi ezivamile kungabangela bezihlikihla efana esikhunjeni noma ephefumula utshwala intuthu. Kulezi zimo sikhuluma ushevu kweziqu ezimelele ka ETHYL utshwala. Cishe njalo lapho ukuphuza utshwala ukudakwa kwenzeka. Indlela ubuthi sina kuncike umthamo utshwala kanye izici ngamunye. Uphawu lokuqala lokudakwa isimo sengeneme. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umuntu bengazizwa kahle utshwala namanje kuthinta umzimba, okubangela ngezinga lula ubuthi. Lapho emakamu iveza izimpawu Ukuwohloka nempilo jikelele. Kukhona isicanucanu nokuhlanza, ukunyakaza uncoordinated baba, it - ezingacacile.

ETHYL utshwala - uketshezi kungekho nto enemibala emihle kokuba iphunga othize. It is lisetshenziswe imithi lukalamula ukuze ubulale amagciwane kanti futhi kuphela izidakamizwa eziningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ethanol isetshenziswa embonini yezokudla. Isetshenziselwa izimonyo ezihlukahlukene, namakha. Zonke lezi zakhiwo basonta iqembu esikhundleni. Ngaphansi ubuthi ngqo ETHYL utshwala ukudakwa ehloselwe i umzimba esiqubukile ngenxa ukusebenzisa uphuzo oludakayo. Kungaholela nemiphumela eqatha, phakathi kwawo - iziyaluyalu kwegazi, ikhoma, okuthile engqondweni.

Izimbangela ETHYL utshwala poisoning

Ngokuvamile ETHYL utshwala poisoning elihlobene ne-ukusetshenziswa kotshwala e lokuhlala eliphezulu. Inguquko kusuka emizweni ezimnandi ukuthi abaningi ababhekana nabo lapho ethatha iziphuzo eqinile, ukudakwa siyithola lapho umthamo idlula Ethanol 1 ml igazi (1 ppm). Ubuthi ezimweni eziningi okungahleliwe, njengoba umuntu uyayeka ukulawula inani ukuphuza utshwala izimpawu ukuthuthukisa emva kwesikhashana. Ngezinye izikhathi utshwala ukudakwa ezinganeni. Isizathu siwukuthi abazali musa ukuhambisana izinyane ababethathe amanzi noma ijusi ukuwaphuza. Ngaphezu Ethanol elinobuthi, umuntu angagcina ukudakwa futhi utshwala ngokwesivumelwano. Izizathu zihlanganisa kwalezi zimo:

1. Ukwamukelwa ezahlukene chemical compounds. Lezi zihlanganisa alcohols lapho ukungcola kukhona aldehydes methanol.
2. Sebenzisa ngaphakathi Cologne, emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni izitshalo ifriji, infusions zokwelapha t. D.
3. Inhalation ingcina BF, ehlanganisa ETHYL utshwala kanye acetone.

Kubalulekile nokukhumbula ukuthi esikhundleni ubuthi engaveza lulodwa njengoba utshwala ukudakwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezahlukene kanye nokwelashwa mibandela. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuba usizo akufanele ukuthola kahle ukuthi abantu yokuqothulwa.

Mshini utshwala ukudakwa

Ubuthi nge ETHYL utshwala eba ngenxa izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi kwamakhemikhali okwenzeka emzimbeni. Iningi yalolu ketshezi is akheka yi isibindi. Njengoba sazi, umzimba obangela neutralization ubuthi. Isibindi has a ekhethekile enzyme - utshwala dehydrogenase, okuyinto uhlaba ethanol. 10% utshwala lisuselwa i umzimba nezinye izitho - izinso kanye namaphaphu.

Ngemva ukuxhumana Ethanol igazi, izinguquko ezilandelayo zenzeka: ehlala phospholipid ungqimba, esakhiwa ulwelwesi (emgodleni) kanye neselula permeability iyakhula. Ngaphezu kwakho konke kuthinta isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko. Phela, utshwala Neurotoxic. Kuye okuhlushwa ezifweni womuntu ukuze Ethanol kuyinto kusebenze noma okusithiyayo we CNS. Ngezinye umthamo utshwala ezingaphezu kuka 5 ppm, kuvimbela izikhungo esibalulekile zobuchopho siholela ekufeni.

Yini umehluko phakathi methyl futhi ETHYL utshwala?

Indlela ukuhlukanisa phakathi methyl utshwala kusukela ETHYL ukuze sihlinzeke usizo nesineke? Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ubuthi yilezi izinto inezimpawu ezifanayo ukwazi umehluko phakathi kwabo ngingubani kunesidingo. Ngoba kuthinta ukwelashwa. Methyl (ukhuni), utshwala alisetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni izinhlobo zophuzo oludakayo. Isetshenziselwa ukwenziwa antifreezes, kumakhemikhali awuketshezi, epulasitikini. Iphinde isetshenziselwe njengoba uphethiloli uhlobo oluthile izimoto. Nokho, indlela yokwahlukanisa phakathi methyl utshwala kusukela ETHYL? Ngemva nokubukeka kwazo zamakhemikhali thina ayafana yini. Methyl utshwala, efana ethanol, ayinakho umbala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banayo iphunga efanayo. Ukuze ahlukanise phakathi lezi izinto, kubalulekile ukuba umlilo uketshezi oluvutha kalula. Uma lokhu ilangabi Ethanol kuyodingeka umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi kusukela methyl utshwala - oluhlaza. Izimpawu ushevu lezi izinto zingafani kancane. Izimpawu ubuthi, imbangela okuyinto methyl utshwala, eside asathuthuka - kusuka amahora 12 kuya ngosuku olulodwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuthi akuyona ephelezelwa kwesasa. Ngokuvamile, isiguli noma abantu bakhe abaseduze ungakwazi yini ukuphendula umbuzo yini eyabangela ukudakwa.

Ushevu ne ETHYL utshwala: izimpawu isifo

Izimpawu lokudakwa ezibangelwa ukweqisa ubuthi zifane nezinye ezinobuthi. Umehluko iyona ushintsho isimo psycho-ngokomzwelo. Ngemva ushevu ne ETHYL utshwala kuyobe kungakazukufika masinyane emva ukusetshenziswa kwalo. Lokhu kwandulelwe ukugunyazwa okwenziwe excitation izimpawu CNS (ukudakwa omnene). Basuke izimpawu ukwanda kwemizwelo, ukujuluka, siwasebenzise kwesikhumba. Izimpawu ezilandelayo ebonwe ubuthi ngokulinganisela:

1. Kusukela isimiso sezinzwa - nedumbe uma uhamba, kwehle imisipha ithoni, ikhanda. Abantu abanomfutho wegazi vele ophakeme angagcina kahle kwegazi ebuchosheni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo imakwe izimpawu ezifana ndikindiki ezingalweni nasemilenzeni, ukukhubazeka, angaboni kahle.
2. On the ingxenye pheshana emathunjini - isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukungakuthandi ukudla. Ubuhlungu besisu akuyona njalo saphawula.
3. On the ingxenye esimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi - Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwenhliziyo, kukhuphuke blood pressure.

Izinguquko waphawula endleleni yabantu yokuziphatha. Abanye abantu bangase babe enobudlova, abanye - acindezeleke. Ngo degree ezinzima eba equlekile, kungenzeka - Ukudlikizela, ukuboshwa zokuphefumula.

Yini engabangela utshwala ukudakwa?

Imiphumela ushevu ne ETHYL utshwala ngokuvamile mibi. Akukho phuzo oludakayo wonder kubhekwa inkinga yezokwelapha kodwa nomphakathi hhayi kuphela. Phela, ngenxa yezinguquko ukuziphatha umuntu uyayeka ukulawula izenzo zabo. Lokhu kuholela izingozi zezimoto, imililo, isimo lobugebengu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudakwa ezingamahlalakhona Ethanol uphela encephalopathy ezinzima, akufanele aphathwe. It kugujwa imemori sifo, ukucabanga, ubuthongo. Futhi izinguquko eziphawulekayo zenzeka pancreas. Phakathi kwabo, lesi sifo - steatosis, isifo sokuqina kwesibindi pancreatitis ezingamahlalakhona.

Imiphumela lokudakwa acute zihlanganisa nokugula ngengqondo - tremens delirium (hallucinatory syndrome, ukuziphatha disorder), unhlangothi, isilethikusebenza, equlekile.

Usizo lokuqala ushevu ne-ethanol

Eziphuthumayo ukuze basize ubuthi by ETHYL utshwala ukwethulwa 40% glucose, uvithamini B1 (thiamine), ascorbic acid. Lapho ukwanda blood pressure kuyadingeka ukuze usimamise isimo lesiguli. Kuze kube yimanje, i-sulfate yokwelapha magnesium.

It is ushevu ne ETHYL utshwala: ukwelashwa ekhaya

Usizo ukudakwa ungaba ekhaya, uma isiguli akusho uzohlupheka kakhulu. Emhlanganweni ubuthi acute Kufanele ugcwalise ivolumu okusamanzi ukubambelela ngokukhishwa kobuthi egazini. Ngenxa yale njongo kufanele baphuze amanzi amaningi ngangokunokwenzeka noma ngomlomo izixazululo ( "Regidron" ukulungiselela). Kufanele unike isiguli amaphilisi ambalwa namalahle isebenze.

ukwelashwa okukhethekile ka ETHYL utshwala poisoning

iziguli esibhedlela kuyadingeka uma kukhona ubuthi ezinzima nge ETHYL utshwala. Usizo lokuqala kufanele kuhlinzekwe ngokushesha. Ngokubonisa isineke esibhedlela ngemithambo yegazi iqondiswa nosawoti izixazululo, ne-glucose amavithamini. With ukuthuthukiswa yezinkinga zidinga ukwelashwa okukhethekile eMnyangweni nezenhliziyo, Neurology futhi esegumbini labagula kakhulu.