UPetru noPawulu Church umshuki. Itshe lesikhumbuzo isiko Veliky Novgorod lasendulo

Endaweni zokuhlala Veliky Novgorod, ngokuthi kusukela medieval isikhathi Nerevskim Ekugcineni, silondoloza iqembu izakhiwo yezakhiwo. Basuke esemgwaqweni ibhange kwesokunxele emfuleni Volkhov ngesikhathi Sofia uhlangothi kuya enyakatho, ngaphakathi lokuwuvimbezela. Bonke bangabangasokile le avuthiwe kakhulu futhi ephelele zobuciko ka Novgorod izakhiwo ezihlobene ngekhulu xv, futhi kufanele avikelwe njengoba impahla kazwelonke. Indawo yabo mlando zihlele ukuzijabulisa okunempilo namanye Nerevskim ekupheleni, ngokuvamile ebabiza Kozhevnitskimi.

UPetru noPawulu Church Kozhevniki: incazelo

Abakhi isinqumo ukulakha ithempeli loMfula i-Volkhov anamandla, owawuqondene naye nobuso olungaphambili lwesonto wayo osempumalanga. Efanele akhethiwe ngezabelo, udala ngalé langa futhi indawo efanele, namuhla wenza leli thempeli isikhumbuzo enhle yobuciko lasendulo, ukutadisha okuyinto umuntu angabona, njengoba isikhathi sihamba izakhiwo.

Ukuze singene kushaft ohlangothini sikaDemetriyu emgwaqweni oholela Zverin Monastery, namanje umi isakhiwo lasendulo futhi emangalisayo, lapho ukuphelela nokuvuthwa. Ngempela, lesi isibonelo esihle bokwakha ukuthi kwaba isici usadlondlobele inkathi komhlaba Novgorod.

UPetru noPawulu Church Kozhevniki lakhiwa 1406. It is eyakhelwe limestone amabhlogo, wonke umsebenzi zokuhlobisa olungaphambili lwesonto, kanye nemengamo, namafosholo, kanye yesonto eyakhiwe ngezitini ezibomvu.

Architecture lasendulo

Ngokusho yetinsita zomlando, leli thempeli enhle Yakhiwa ngesandla sezingcweti-tanners. Kudala, ukuba enembile, e 1227 esontweni lokhuni wema kule ndawo. Kodwa ngo-1384, yena wayehlushwa isifo umlilo ezinzima. Izindonga ibandla elisha eyakhelwe limestone emabhuloki bese izitini, ngokuqondile ezingazange lemva.

Ngu-1930, umbhoshongo insimbi yesonto ladilizwa. Nokho, nguye abahlukunyezwa kakhulu ngesikhathi kubusa amaNazi. ngokugcwele esimweni ebuhleni wokuqala yayingacacile kuphela 1960. Le nqubo ithatha abaklami Insika GM futhi Shulyak L. M.

ubukhazikhazi saphezulu

UPetru noPawulu Church umshuki izithombe esibonisa ngokugcwele zonke ubuhle ngomusa nobukhosi, kuyelelwe bonyana akukafaneli kuphulwe amakhulu eminyaka, kuyinto kahle eliphezulu-oluyingungu emine insika isakhiwo. mbumbulu Ezazimzungezile - ephelele futhi esiqinile yakheke, futhi ezindaweni yokugcina ayelithanda ku akhiwe ngobuchwepheshe ababulawa multiblade nemengamo Ornamental, ku Ensemble okuhlanganisa amabhande, aqoshwe dimples elingunxantathu, frieze arkaturny, rosette, Niska round futhi pentagonal ukuma, lomgwaqo nempumuzo kweqa.

On the olungaphambili lwesonto kusukela eningizimu liye lasinda enamalungu ayisihlanu kwengoma. Siqukethe niches ezimbili namawindi ezintathu ngokufanele therebetween. abaklami sidilizwa uPetru noPawulu Church Kozhevniki ethwele zokuhlobisa ezinhlanu-blade brow. -Lokucuketfwe izinduku mpo, roller ngokwayo lihlotshiswe Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba yesonto. Zasusa a nemengamo encane ongaphambili omise.

Lolu cwaningo endala

Izakhi ezibaluleke kakhulu futhi esiphawulekayo umhlobiso ingaphakathi eyenziwe isitayela yendabuko, savela ekhulwini XIV, ngesigamu yayo yesibili. Olunye uhlobo yesiteleka yasekuqaleni ezakhiwo St uPetru noPawulu kwaba ilungiselelo emnyango Loft hhayi ukushuba odongeni (emasu lafana avame ukusetshenziswa ekwakheni amasonto Novgorod XII-XV eminyaka), kanye ehlukile itshe ezitebhisini, elisendaweni ingxenye enyakatho ntshonalanga yethempeli . Kuyini ezithakazelisayo, kuba lesi sici yethempeli libonisa eziphindaphindiwe reception okuyinto esetshenziswa abakhi wethempeli odumile Fedora Stratilata, elakhiwa ngo-1360.

Kakade ekhulwini XVIII, waba enamathiselwe ohlangothini lokunene Chapel of the Three iziKhulu. Ngemva kwesikhashana, ehlangothini olusentshonalanga, wakha isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi amancane.

Esikhathini kusuka xv ukuba XVI ekhulwini useshintshe lonke ibandla St uPetru noPawulu e umshuki. Uhlelo yokuvuselela yayo wawujabulisa - sekuyinto esinezitezi ezimbili a. Engxenyeni esentshonalanga ye choir waqala ibekwe lapho ngezitebhisi eziya kusuka ekhoneni enyakatho-ntshonalanga. Ngakho, kwakungekho podtserkove noma ngenye - egumbini. Ibandla kakhulu efanayo wawusegunjini esitezi sesibili kule ndima okuthiwa.

Okupendiweyo yasezindongeni

Ezakha portal elinefomu ezinzima, ukuthi akhishwe esikhathini lapho ibandla lahlukaniswa izibuya. Ohlangothini portal ngamunye sasibheka ngokusebenzisa izinsalela imidwebo lasendulo, futhi omunye wayebona ngakolunye uhlangothi umfanekiso Abaphostoli uPawulu noPetru bathi, ngakolunye - ingilozi nkemba esandleni sakhe.

Kwenziwe umcwaningi isithombe ukuhlaziywa Gusev uPawulu wathola ukuthi isithonjana zabaPhostoli uPetru noPawulu abulawa uwoyela upende izikebhe isitayela enhle, futhi Angel - ku inqubo Umfanekiso. Ekupheleni waphetha ngokuthi le mikhiqizo nangenkathi ezahlukene ngokuphelele. Angela isibaluli ngekhulu XVI, uPetru noPawulu sika isithombe - kuya kweleshumi XVIII, lapho ithempeli washukumiseleka ukuba esitezi sesibili.

Namuhla ithempeli ayisavumelekile, futhi isevisi ke singanikezwanga. Manje kukhona legatsha le State Museum-Reserve, nesebenzela ngoLwesithathu nangeSonto kusukela 11:00 am 16,00. NgoMsombuluko - izinsuku. Yokungena imali - 50 ruble, abafundi nabafundi -. 30 deda, izingane kuze kube iminyaka engu-16 -. Mahhala. Njalo ngonyaka kusukela ngo-October 1 kuya ku-March 1, umnyuziyamu uvala.