Umthelela emihle nemibi kwabantu nezilwane: izibonelo

Izinto ezenziwa abantu, ikakhulukazi emakhulwini eminyaka ambalwa yesintu yesimanje, ngokuqinisekile yezimbangela enamandla kakhulu uguqule imvelo. Umthelela abantu nezilwane, isibonelo, okuhle nokubi, isibe ekhulwini lama-21 isakazeke kakhulu kangaka ngokwemvelo, ukuthi umuntu angakhuluma okusobala sokusinda kwezinye zezinhlobo kusukela ukusebenza eminye impucuko.

Ngezikhathi Zasendulo: abazingeli

Ngisho ngesikhathi abantu Upper Paleolithic beqala ukumfunisisa. Ngalezo zinsuku, umthelela abantu ezilwaneni ngokuyinhloko e nokuqothulwa kwezinhlobo zezinto manje yokuqothulwa ezifana mammoth futhi kunobhejane mammoth (izinsalela zabo zitholakale lapho bemba emabaleni isikhathi womuntu). Ukukhiqizwa ke: izilwane, izinhlanzi, izinyoni - kwanikeza abantu ukudla amaprotheni, kutholakale izinto izicathulo kanye izingubo, izinto ezithile endlini. Okwenziwe ngesikhumba isilwane, amathambo eyangaba abangu zakha izindawo zokuhlala ezinsukwini zokugcina ice age. Abanye abacwaningi bathi, ngalezo zinsuku, abantu babephila emiphakathini elincane amalungu 100-150. Ehola babe uhlobo iningi abadala, futhi impahla, okufaka alondoloza ukudla futhi ekhaya kwakuyinto evamile. sezulu esibandayo Enough kwaholela esiphuthumayo izingubo kanye ezithile zokuhlala bakudala sesimanje. Ngokwesibonelo, izikhumba zezilwane sibulawe futhi kudliwa iyasikwa ibe yizicucwana, kanye izinaliti itshe eduze kwasemaphethelweni izimbobo ngesibhakela, kodwa izinto crosslinking side imicu. Ngokusho ucwaningo, omunye ezivamile oko enjalo zisebenzisa amathambo mammoth noma esinye isilwane esikhulu njengoba izinto zokwakha yasemikhukhwini. It ukumba okusaqanda esijule kakhulu noma round imbobo. Emaphethelweni emgodini baqhutshwa ku izimbambo nimkhiphela. Konke lokhu ukwakhiwa Unamekwe noma izikhumba ezikubambayo zambozwa amagatsha futhi embozwe umhlaba.

Abalimi Abanikazi bamapulazi

Ukusetshenziswa inyama njengoba ukudla kuye kwaholela, ngokuvumelana Engels, Umshicilelo yokuthi abantu baye bafunda ukusebenzisa umlilo ukuze bayothola ukwelashwa kwalo okukhulu domesticated ezinye izinhlobo zawo (hhayi yokuzingela, futhi ube base inyama uhlale ususondele). Njengoba ngcono izindlela namathuluzi nokuzingela ikhuphukile nethonya labantu nezilwane kanye nemvelo. Siveza ngempela enezici: ekubhujisweni ngokushesha zezinto eziphilayo zasendle asetshenziswa njengokudla, kanye ukufuywa kwamakamela abanye abameleli, noma ngezinye izindlela - ukushintsha kumila isitshalo ngaphambi ukuvela nokwanda wezolimo. A shintsho indlela ezazichaza zokuphila nokulima (ku Neolithic) umthelela abantu nezilwane atholwe amafomu amasha futhi ezingokoqobo. Futhi ngezindlela babe uyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi lanwetshwa.

umthelela womuntu ongaqondile ezilwaneni

Nge behileleka ukusabalala ezolimo abantu abaningi isikhala esithe xaxa ukuze afeze yokulima nokuvuna. Lokhu, ikakhulukazi, kwaqina okubangelwa abantu izindlela izilwane. Labhujiswa izindawo zemvelo, amahlathi Kwakugawulwa umusa izimfunda namasimu, okwaholela ukuba ukwabiwa kabusha komhlaba kanye ngisho ukunyamalala izinhlobo ezithile zezilwane, kunalokho, ukwethulwa abanye.

ukuhweba

Huge okubangelwa abantu ongemuhle izilwane, okuyinto kwaholela ekunyamalaleni sekuyaphela noma ukunciphisa abalulekile kwezinye imiphakathi nezinhlobo, uye waba ukuthuthukiswa zokudoba - ihlelwe izilwane ukukhiqizwa ukuze bathole, isibonelo, noboya. Ngakho ngekhulu le-16 (yabe seyaziwa, sibonga ucwaningo yesazi-mlando Karamzin) UMbusi ka Muscovy ngemva kokunqotshwa eSiberia ziwumthwalo abameleli okuthiwa ku jasaku izizwe abahlala khona: 200 000 izikhumba Sable, squirrel ayizinkulungwane 500, 10 ayizinkulungwane izimpungushe ..! Kwaba njalo intengo udaba lokudoba, okuyinto eye yaba nethonya elikhulu enkululekweni womuntu on izilwane zasendle kule nkathi!

kuqothulwe imikhomo

Abazingela lezi zidlakela zasemanzini wazalwa kudala. Ekuqaleni, abantu babesebenzisa izidumbu whale kuhanjiswe ebhange. Khona-ke, emehlweni abazingeli basendulo kule ntaba yase inyama namafutha isibe efiselekayo hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ezingabizi kakhulu. Phela, lo mkhomo - isidalwa kancane, futhi uma uthanda, kwakungase ijahe ngisho elula besparusnoy isikebhe. Ukuze ukukhiqizwa yayo ezifaneleke elula inhlendla izibhamu nezintambo. Futhi Kushone amanzi akazange ukucwila, kwaba futhi esibalulekile abazingeli. Pomor ukuzingela imikhomo isikhathi eside, kodwa kuqothulwe global kwezinhlobo kwaqala ekhulwini le-17. Khona-ke labantu bowhead imikhomo mningi ukuze imikhumbi uvakasha Svalbard, kwadingeka ngokoqobo ibenze izinhlangothi yemihlambi yabo. Minyaka yonke ukudoba ngalezo zinsuku, Dutch, Danes, amaJalimane, British, isiFulentshi kanye iSpanishi bathunyelwa izimoto 1,000 ngonyaka! Futhi ngokusho umbuzo ucwaningo, umkhomo ukukhiqizwa yonyaka, isibonelo, ekhulwini le-18 wenze ezingaphezu kuka 2.5 izinkulungwane ngonyaka. Akumangalisi ukuthi zigcine enkulu mpilo ezincelisayo, futhi ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 kulolu hlobo ukuthi wafaka indoda engcupheni yokuqothulwa! Futhi ngo-1935, Ikhomishini International usungula ukuvinjelwa Ukudoba bowhead imikhomo.

ezinye izibonelo

Okunjalo kwaba nomthelela wezenzo zabantu omubi izilwane. Izibonelo zezinye izinkinga ezazingase: kwamahlathi nokuklaba kwamahlathi-Amazon, ayasha we Aral Sea, ukunyamalala ephelele umuntu kwezinye zezilwane ezincelisayo iphutha (asemaqeleni kengurovidnaya rat, ingulube ezinezinyawo bandicoot, opossum krasnobryuhy, nensephe Yemen, Madagascar elibhekwa njengabaThwa imvubu, impisi yamathafa marsupial - ngisho 27 kuphela kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule). Kukholakala ukuthi kusukela 1600 abantu wabhubhisa zenyathi okungenani 160 futhi zezinyoni, ezingaphezu kuka-100 - ezincelisayo. Njalo is isiphetho, isibonelo, inyathi kanye izinkambo, tarpan futhi ulwandle izinkomo, isinqumo abantu babo.

imisebenzi yezomnotho zabantu

Izinto ezenziwa abantu akuhlobene ezokudoba ukuzingela, futhi namuhla kunomthelela omkhulu on izilwane zasendle. Ngakho, ngokwesibonelo, ukuthuthukiswa zensimu ngaphakathi Indawo isilwane, futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukunciphisa ukudla kungase kubangele nokuncipha inani labantu kanye ukunyamalala uhlobo oluthile. Isibonelo esimangalisayo - ukuncipha enkulu ihlosi laseSiberia. Futhi ulwandle kumanethiwekhi eklanyelwe ukubamba inhlanzi, amahlengethwa bayafa unyaka ngamunye - amashumi ezinkulungwane! Phela, abakwazi ukuthola ohileleke futhi ucishe. Futhi muva nje, esikalini ngokufa izikole ihlengethwa safinyelela 100,000 ngonyaka.

ukungcoliswa kwemvelo

Eminyakeni yamuva, kuba omunye wemizila ebaluleke kakhulu ezintweni ezingezinhle okubangelwa abantu izilwane zasendle. ukungcola Radioactive, nemvula ene-asidi phezu kwezwe, kwekhabhoni leyingoti imvelo zasemanzini umoya - konke lokhu kuholela ukwehla kwenani izilwane futhi kunciphisa ukwehluka izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni.

umthelela womuntu elihle izilwane

Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, ezintweni eziningi abantu waphaphama ngempela emva kwesikhathi. Izinhlobo eziningi izilwane emhlabeni namuhla on the esengozini yokuqothulwa, futhi ezinye seziqalile la mavangeli. Kodwa omunye ejabulisa, ukuthi ngisho ekhulwini lama-21, eziningi ukunakwa ikhokhelwa nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, Ukuvikelwa yasendle ezisengcupheni. Dala izinqolobane, nezindawo zokulondoloza imvelo kanye namapaki kazwelonke, lapho abantu bezama ukuthola i-abasindise abalahlekile. Futhi akumangalisi, ngoba, ngokusho izibikezelo of ososayensi abathile, uma abantu akagcini futhi ukuqhubeka nomsebenzi wazo elimazayo embulungeni yonke, kungaholela uphele kabi futhi ngokushesha (ezinye ukunikeza iminyaka eyevile 50) zonke izinto eziphilayo eMhlabeni.