Umsoco. Inani abantu.

Zonke izinto emhlabeni yenza imijikelezo, ababiziweyo imijikelezo biogeochemical. Ukwabela ngokuvamile amabili imijikelezo emjikelezweni izakhi - Geological (noma enkulu) nabancane (ngenye ngokuthi namanje biotic), okuyinto kubangelwa ukuzungeza njalo izinto phakathi inhlabathi nezilwanyana ezincane, yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene.

umjikelezo Big eside, amakhulu ezinkulungwane noma izigidi zeminyaka. Rocks ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ziwohloke, kumenze. Okulandelayo, acekela amanzi kwemali, basuke imali phansi ekujuleni kolwandle. Ezinye zazo nge inhlabathi futhi izinto eziphilayo ukusuka olwandle lomuntu emuva ezweni. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izinguquko geotectonic ku uqweqwe (ezifana ukhulisa noma wehlise amazwekazi ekujuleni kolwandle) nalo mjikelezo impahla ezweni. Ngemva le nqubo izakhi biogenic okuphindaphindiwe.

ukuzungeza biotic noma umjikelezo izakhi biogenic - lisezingeni elinjani nemvelo. Wamanzi, wekhabhoni, izakhi kwenhlabathi ezizibandakanyile kule izinqubo zokuphila kuleli udaba eziphilayo ukwakha ezitshalweni nasezilwaneni. Lapho lezi zinto bayabulawa, imikhiqizo yabo imfucuza usebenzisa eziphilayo elula - decomposers noma ama-ejenti ekunciphiseni kuthiwa ukubola zibe compounds wezinto ezingaphili futhi izakhi. Futhi, zonke eziphindaphindiwe: izakhi esetshenziswa izitshalo njengendlela ukudla - ngakho kukhona umjikelezo kwamakhemikhali ibizwa ngokuthi umjikelezo we izakhi biogenic.

izakhi Biogenic - iqoqo izakhi zamakhemikhali ukuthi ezakha izinto eziphilayo futhi kudingekile ekuphileni futhi amakhemikhali izinqubo zawo ezivamile. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi okuqukethwe kule uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli ndaba eziphilayo ibalwa 100 Bln. Tonnes. Izinguquko ezenzeka izingqimba engenhla ungqimba lomhlaba, sinomthelela eziphilayo, ngakho ukuqanjwa kwawo chemical kunqunywa imvelo.

Chemistry izakhamzimba.

Encwadini umzimba ophilayo atholakala cishe zonke izakhi ezitholakala emanzini olwandle futhi ungqimba lomhlaba. Buyekeza kuyinto biogenic umoya-mpilo emkhathini.

Ngo eziphilayo, ukuncipha komoya-mpilo idlala indima enkulu, kanye hydrogen, i-calcium, i-magnesium, i-carbon, i-sodium, nensimbi. Phakathi kwezakhi kuyinto 70% oksijini, 18% carbon, 10% i-hydrogen. Ngezinye phosphorus, i-calcium, i-potassium, i-sulphur, i-nitrogen ne-carbon kufuduka kancane umthamo kuka tincenye letisele eziqukethwe eziphilayo.

Indlela engena emzimbeni eziphilayo zihlukene. Kodwa lo chemistry izakhi ukuthi kukhona "kufuduka biogenic zama-athomu" (imfundiso yokuziphendukela biogeochemical) uchungechunge: umhlabatsi nemanti, bese ukudla nabantu - ehilelekile cishe zonke izici kule nqubo. Kusukela medium yangaphandle, bona zingene ephilayo ophilayo ngokwezinga elikhulu noma elincane, kanye nokunikeza lokuhlushwa kudingekile kwamaseli yemvelo ageleze izinqubo evamile yokuphila.

Ngokwemithetho yempilo enkulu noma izakhi zihlukaniswe macrocells futhi microcells. Okuqukethwe zokuqala eziphilayo iphelile 0.01%, kanti eyesibili - esingaphansi 0,001%.

Macronutrients ehlanganisa inyama eziphilayo bevela ngaphandle komzimba womuntu; umthamo watusa ukusetshenziswa kwabo - engaphezu kuka-200 mg. Emzimbeni womuntu, ngokuvamile macronutrients ukusuthiswa ukudla. Landzelela izakhi, naphezu inani labo lincane uma kunjalo, badinga umzimba ophilayo, njengokuba zinengxenye izinqubo kwamakhemikhali.

Ukuze sibe nempilo enhle, kudingeka silondoloze njalo imvelo zomzimba zangaphakathi kokuqukethwe qualitative ambalwa of chemical ezingeni bokuphila. Ukuze le ndlela yokuphila, kufanele ibe nempilo, futhi ukudla - kwezizinda ezihlukene kakhulu futhi okunomsoco.