Umqambi Italian Rossini: Biography, lokusungula, umlando wokuphila kanye nemisebenzi engcono

Italy - izwe emangalisayo. Kungakhathaliseki kukhona ubunjalo ekhethekile, noma abantu kulo wahlala engavamile, kodwa imisebenzi wezwe best yobuciko e uxhumekile nalolu hlelo zwe Mediterranean ngandlela-thile. Umculo - ekhasini elehlukile kule impilo zabantu base-Italy. Buza noma yisiphi sazo, njengoba kwaba igama elikhulu umqambi Italian Rossini, futhi ngokushesha uthole impendulo efanele.

Abanamakhono bel canto vospevatel

Kubonakala sengathi isakhi sofuzo zomculo ezifakwe zonke izakhamuzi zomphakathi enhlonhlweni ngokwemvelo. Akukhona ukuthi kumane kuqondane zonke imigomo zomculo asetshenziswe izikolo lokubhala, lisuselwa olimini Latin.

Kuyinto engenakwenzeka ucabange isiNtaliyane, bengazi ukuthi ukucula kahle. Beautiful ukucula, e-Latin canto bel - ngendlela yeqiniso Italian ukusebenza imisebenzi zomculo. Umqambi Rossini wayedume emhlabeni wonke imisebenzi yayo enkulu wadala ngokunembile ngale ndlela.

EYurophu lehla ngokushesha inani imfashini canto bel wafika ekupheleni neyeshumi nesishiyagalombili yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye. Kungashiwo ukuthi ovelele umqambi Italian Rossini wazalwa ngesikhathi esifanele futhi indawo ezifanele. Kungakhathaliseki wayenguKristu darling fortune? Kuyangabazeka. Cishe, isizathu impumelelo yayo isipho sikaNkulunkulu ithalente kanye uhlamvu izici. Ngaphandle kwalokho, inqubo ubhala awuzange ukukhathala kuye. Melodies zavezwa engqondweni umqambi sika kalula isimanga - uphathe kuphela ukurekhoda.

umqambi wakhula

Igama eliphelele umqambi Rossini kuzwakala Gioachino Antonio Rossini. Wazalwa Februwari 29, 1792 emzini Pesaro. Kid kwaba ngendlela emangalisayo ebukekayo. "Little Adonis" - lena indlela okuthiwa Italian umqambi Rossini ekuqaleni kuka ebuntwaneni. Mancinelli umculi zendawo, ukupenda izindonga ngesikhathi iSonto St u-Ubaldo, ecela imvume kubazali Gioachino ziveza ingane kwenye nemidwebo. Yena yaliphawula ngiseyingane, abangababo ingelosi ikhombisa indlela esibhakabhakeni.

Nokho, abazali bakhe, futhi yayingekho ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile sokufundela, babe abaculi. Umama, u-Anna Gvidarini-Rossini waba soprano izwi emihle kakhulu futhi ngacula ukusebenza zomculo yamabhayisikobho zendawo, futhi uyise, Giuseppe Antonio Rossini, lapho ababedlala icilongo nophondo French.

Ingane kuphela, Gioacchino esasikuyo manje nayo yayibiyelwe ukunakekelwa hhayi kuphela kubazali kodwa futhi omalume eziningi, obabekazi babazali bakho.

Izingcezu lokuqala umculo

Imizamo yokuqala ukuqamba umculo, wathatha uhambo yake yaba ithuba kuthathe zomculo. Izikolo abafana nane ezibukeka zingalungile iyakholweka. Ziyakwazi ngokucacile umkhuba ekwakheni izigcawu emculweni we-opera - okuqhamile njalo permutations Rhythmic, okuyinto ubuswa isici, ingoma nemiculo.

I -Library of Congress USA izikolo zigcinwa Sonatas ayisithupha quartet. Basuke sangomhla ngonyaka 1806.

"The Barber waseSeville": umlando imisebenzi

Emkhakheni umqambi Rossini, wayaziwa ngokuyinhloko ngokuthi umsunguli we Buffa opera "The Barber waseSeville", kodwa kakhulu bambalwa abantu ongathi lokho obekulokhu umlando ivela khona. Lasekuqaleni igama opera - "Almaviva, noma Akuzuzisi ukuqaphela". Iqiniso lokuthi umuntu "Barber waseSeville" ngaleso sikhathi sase sikhona kakade. opera Okokuqala i play ezihlekisayo ngu Beaumarchais wabhala the zihlaba Giovanni Paisiello. Umsebenzi wakhe kwaba nemiphumela emihle kakhulu phezu izigaba waqhubeka amatiyetha Italy.

Theatre Arzhentino womculo nsizwa yenza umyalelo yomculo we-opera yamahlaya. Zonke Libretto, ngu umqambi ezihlongozwayo zenqatshiwe. Rossini ebuzwa Paiziello umvumele ukubhala opera yakhe yekudlala Beaumarchais. Akazange engqondweni. Adume "Barber waseSeville" by Rossini abhalelwa ezingu-13.

premieres ezimbili Imiphumela ezahlukene

Kudlalwé ukuhluleka ucace. Ngokuvamile ezihlobene nale opera eziningi izingozi engaqondakali. Ikakhulukazi, ukunyamalala amaphuzu nge ibika. Kwakuyisikhathi Kuqhuma eziningana onamileyo Folk songs. Umqambi Rossini kwadingeka ukuba usheshe beveza esikhundleni yamakhasi elahlekile. Emaphepheni akhe ezigcinwe amanothi ezibhaliwe eminyakeni eyisikhombisa eyedlule futhi eside kusukela ukhohlwe opera "Icala ongaziwa." Nge izinguquko ezincane, waphenduka phezu umculo ukukhanya bukhoma Ukwakheka wayo opera entsha. Ukusebenza wesibili kwakuwukunqoba. Kwakuwusuku isinyathelo sokuqala emhlabeni udumo umqambi futhi recitatives wakhe omnandi namanje kujabule izilaleli.

ukukhathazeka okuningi ngempela imikhiqizo akakwenzanga.

Inkazimulo umqambi safinyelela ngokushesha futhi yezwekazi laseYurophu. Kukhona ubufakazi bendlela umqambi Rossini ngokuthi abangane bakhe. Genrih Geyne babembheka 'iLanga Italy "futhi bokuzisholo" womculo saphezulu. "

Austria, eNgilandi naseFrance izimpilo Rossini

Ngemva ukunqoba ekhaya Isabella Rossini Kolbran ayokuhlula Vienna. Lapha yayisivele owaziwa futhi libhekwa njengenkondlo umqambi oluvelele besikhathi sethu. Yena zashaya ihlombe Schumann futhi Beethoven, izimpumputhe ngokuphelele ngaleso sikhathi, uzwakalise bababuke weluleka hhayi ukushiya izindlela ubhala opera Buffa.

Paris kanye London aye ahlangana umqambi kungekho intshiseko kancane. E-Fulansi, Rossini esalibele isikhathi eside.

Phakathi nohambo lwakhe yinde, wabhala futhi ubeke endaweni yesehlakalo engcono kakhulu yenhloko-dolobha eziningi opera yakhe. Maestro yayithandwa amakhosi futhi waqala ukuphola nabantu abanethonya elikhulu kakhulu emhlabeni yobuciko kanye nezombusazwe.

ukubuya France Rossini futhi kwaba sekupheleni kokuphila, ukulashelwa izifo esiswini. In Paris, umqambi futhi bafe. Lokhu kuzokwenzeka Novemba 13, 1868.

"UWilliam Tshela" - opera zokugcina umqambi sika

Rossini akakuthandanga ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi emsebenzini. Ngokuvamile e opera entsha wasebenzisa esifanayo kudala yasungulwa nezisusa. Ngezinye opera omusha ngamunye ukuthi akuvamile wathatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga. Sekukonke, umqambi wawabhalela 39.

"UWilliam Tshela", wayehumusha kwezinyanga ezigcwele eziyisithupha. Wonke amaqembu wabhala futhi ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izikolo ubudala.

Musical delineation of Austria amasosha izidalwa ezihlala Rossini ngamabomu ngokomzwelo abampofu, okuyisidina emincane. Futhi abantu Swiss wangafuna ukulalela yabacindezeli, umqambi, kunalokho, wabhala ahlukahlukene, izingoma, isigqi ocebile iqembu. Wasebenzisa Folk songs futhi Tyrolean Alpine abelusi, uzengeze unenkululeko Italian kanye izinkondlo.

Ngo-August 1829 Premiere of the opera. Inkosi eFrance Charles X wajabula futhi wanikeza Legion Rossini sika Ukuhlonishwa. Izethameli iphathwa ukuze opera abandayo. Okokuqala, isenzo yadonsa amahora amane, futhi okwesibili, amasu amasha zomculo kusungulwe umqambi, kwakunzima ukuqonda.

Ezinsukwini ezilandelayo, ukuphathwa yamabhayisikobho encishisiwe ukusebenza. Rossini Wathukuthela wathelwa ngamanzi futhi wacasuka ekujuleni kwenhliziyo.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi opera lunomthelela omkhulu ukuqhubeka kuyi-opera, okuyinto kubonakala emisebenzini enjalo uhlobo nobuqhawe Gaetano Donizetti, Dzhuzeppe Verdi futhi Vincenzo Bellini sika "UWilliam Tshela" futhi manje kakhulu kuyaqabukela ubeke esiteji.

Inguquko in the art of opera

Rossini wenza isinyathelo ezimbili ezinkulu sesimanje opera wesimanje. Yena waqala ukurekhoda amaphuzu zonke izingxenye vocal ne nangezindlela ezifanele futhi umusa. Ngaphambili, abahlabeleli enta taba namalungu abo, kangangalokho ababekufuna.

I emisha olandelayo kwaba ukusekelwa recitatives zihambisane nezinsimbi zomculo. Ngo-Opera Seria lokhu kwenza ukuba ukudala cross-cutting ithuluzi ifaka.

imisebenzi Ukuphela songwriting

Art a baxgeki nezazi-mlando baye ingakamiswa bavumelana, oholele Rossini ukushiya umbhali umsebenzi umculo. Wathi, kwaba yisona sikhali yobudala ukhululekile ubudala, kanye nempilo ephithizelayo yasemzini zomphakathi wayekhathala. Uma eba nezingane, ngokuqinisekile ngabe waqhubeka nokubhala umculo wafaka ukusebenza kwabo esiteji opera.

umsebenzi waseshashalazini Kugcine umqambi sika-Opera Seria kwaba "UWilliam Tshela." Wayeneminyaka engu-37 ubudala. Ngokuzayo ngezinye izikhathi kwenziwe wezinsimbi, kodwa ukuqamba opera akaphindanga wabuya.

Ukupheka - ozithandayo umsebenzi womculo

Enye intshisekelo enkulu Rossini omkhulu ukupheka. Wahlupheka eziningi ngenxa mkhuba wakhe ukuba ukudla acwengekile. Ngemva kokuyeka ukuphila zomculo yomphakathi, waba atehlukanisa. indlu yakhe yayiseceleni njalo egcwele izivakashi ukuzitika igcwele izitsha ezingavamile, lapho womculo yena yasungulwa. Ungase ucabange ukuthi ubhala opera eyamenza wakwazi ukuthola imali eyanele ukuze iminyaka yakhe ekunqabeni ngenhliziyo yami yonke sokunikela wokuzilibazisa kakhulu.

imishado emibili

Dzhoakkino Rossini wayeshadile kabili. Umkakhe wokuqala, u-Isabella Kolbran, owawina soprano saphezulu okukhulu, wahlabelela zonke izingxenye solo e opera we womculo. Wayengumngane amadala ngaphandle komyeni wakhe iminyaka eyisikhombisa. Kungakhathaliseki walithanda umyeni wakhe, umqambi Rossini? Biography avela kuye lo oculayo alisho lutho ngakho, futhi kusuka ngomhla ka Rossini ke ukuphakamisa uma kwalolu mbimbi kwaba ibhizinisi kunothando.

Umkakhe wesibili, Olimpia Pelissier, baba nomngane wakhe kuze kube sekupheleni kokuphila. Baphila khona elinokuthula futhi nabo bakujabulela ngempela ndawonye. Rossini wabhala kungekho omunye umculo, ngaphandle kwemisebenzi emibili oratorio - maKatolika "Kwakuthinta lusizi Umama" (1842) kanye "Petite Messe Solennelle" (1863).

Three idolobha isiNtaliyane, umqambi ebaluleke kakhulu

Izakhamuzi imizi emithathu Italian siyaziqhenya ukusho ukuthi umqambi Rossini - Countryman yabo. Eyokuqala - iyona kwazalelwa Gioacchino, emzini Pesaro. Okwesibili - Bologna, lapho ayehlala khona isikhathi eside futhi wabhala imisebenzi yakhe emikhulu. Eyesithathu idolobha - Florence. Lapha, e Basilica of Santa Croce, i umqambi Italian Rossini wangcwatshwa. umlotha wakhe kwalethwa kusukela Paris, futhi waba umqophi omkhulu Giuseppe Kassioli wenza lethuna ngomusa.

Rossini izincwadi

Biography Rossini, Gioacchino Antonio, kwachazwa besikhathi sakhe nabangane ezincwadini eziningana yokuzicabangela, kanye ucwaningo oluningana kwezobuciko. Wayengumuntu namathathu banesifo esibi ekuseni, lapho kushicilelwa biography lokuqala umqambi, uFrederick Stendhal kuchazwe. ke "Life of Rossini sika" libizwa.

Omunye umngane umqambi, umbhali, umbhali Aleksandr Dyuma, owachaza lesi sifo ngo indaba emfushane "Ukudla idina Rossini, noma abafundi ababili kusukela Bologna." uhlamvu bukhoma futhi nobudlelwano of Italian omkhulu lathunjwa izindaba eziningi futhi ezilula, ukulondolozwa abangane bakhe nabantu ayebajwayele.

Ngemva kwalokho, izincwadi ngabanye nalezi izindaba kumnandi futhi bejabule yashicilelwa.

I abenzi mafilimu azinake Italian okukhulu. Ngo-1991, i-Mario Monicelli wethule izilaleli ifilimu mayelana Rossini nge Sergio Kastellito Starring.