Imigomo Musical. Uhlu imigomo edume kunazo zomculo

Izwe umculo multi-faceted, tinkhombandlela eziningana eziyinhloko ngesisekelo zonke isiko zomculo. Classical, symphony, blues, jazz, pop, rock and roll, abantu, izwe - kukhona ehlukahlukene nezitayela yonke ukunambitheka kanye zonke kwemizwa.

isizukulwane

Umculo njengoba art eladabuka ekuqaleni kwekhulu leshumi nesithupha, lapho abokuqala ekhotheme wawuhlwitha amathuluzi. Okuningi ngaphambili yasungulwa kuzwakala bakudala, izimpondo kanye imitshingo zazo ezazenziwe umhlanga, izimpondo, izilwane, kanye namanye amathuluzi atholakalayo. Ekhulwini lesikhombisa isiko zomculo uye savela ngesivinini: amathuluzi uvele abaculi abaningi baqala ukuhlanganyela emaqenjini, Duets, Trios, quartets, futhi kamuva e-orchestra.

notation emculweni

Musical notation uvele amathuluzi okuqala zomculo, njengoba ukucula, ubuciko vocal zidinga ezinye ehlelekile, ukukwazi ukubhala ephepheni ukuthi yasungulwa imiculo, bese kuphela nizenze. Ngakho ku le stave futhi edumile amanothi eziyisikhombisa. Ukungeza amanothi ngendlela ethile, kungenzeka ukuba uthole umculo, Ukwakheka-elula, njengoba kungekho isigamu-amathoni. Kwabe sekufika abukhali futhi flat, okuyinto ngokushesha kwandise amathuba umqambi. Konke mayelana kokwenza amakhono nabaculi abanamathela izisekelo ezicatshangelwayo umculo. Kodwa kukhona abaculi abaningi abadlala ngu indlebe, lokho akusho ukuthi ujwayelene imfundiso yokuziphendukela umculo, akudingeki. Lezi abaculi kukhona abadlali of blues nezwe umculo. Eziningana ukulele ku isiginci noma upiyano ngekhanda, kanti bonke abanye uqeda ithalente zemvelo. Nokho, imigomo ukuhlobana ngqo ubuciko babo, lezi abaculi bajwayelene, kodwa lalizishaya.

Ukuvela imigomo zomculo

Ukuze ulahleke izitayela umculo izitayela, ngamathuluzi ahlukahlukene kanye namadivayisi, imigomo zomculo yasungulwa. Kancane kancane, bonke ukuthi ihlobene umculo, lethiwa. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi umculo wazalelwa e-Italy, cishe yonke imigomo zomculo zenziwa ulimi Italian kanye nokubhalwa yayo. Ezinye izihloko zamaculo zibhaliwe French noma isi-Latin, kuye ngokuthi avelaphi. imigomo Italian zomculo acabange isithombe esikhulu kanye kungaba ithathe kwezinye izimo, amanye amagama afana ejiyile.

umsuka Italian

Umculo - kuyinto ichibi elikhulu empucukweni yomhlaba, okudinga sina indlela letindzala. imigomo Musical evunyiwe ezingeni ikomidi yezilimi amazwe eziyinhloko zaseYurophu, kuhlanganise e-Italy, futhi ngaleyo ndlela wathola isimo esemthethweni. Administration izikhungo zomculo emhlabeni esekelwe ukusetshenziswa imigomo ngokuhambisana nesicelo sabo - ke wadala namabhukwana nemihlahlandlela.

imigomo eyaziwa

Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke eside zomculo - a "clef zonxantathu", uyazi zonke izinto. Inani izihloko ethandwa kakhulu asikwazi overestimated emibhalweni yabo kukhona uhlobo Axiom, into efanayo kwenzekani lapho sizwa ibinzana abadumile. Ngokwesibonelo, igama elithi zomculo kakhulu - Yebo, "jazz." Kwabaningi-ke lihlotshaniswa Negro isigqi kanye ukuhluka angavamile.

Amagama kanye ngezigaba

Omunye akakwazi ukunquma ngokuthe eside zomculo eyaziwa kakhulu. Lokhu sigaba zingafaka igama "Symphony", emagama lafanako umculo we-classic. Lapho sizwa leli zwi, phambi kwamehlo ami kukhona band enkundleni, i-violin futhi cello, namanothi we umculo zezitsha futhi umqhubi imisila. imiqondo Musical kanye nemigomo ukusiza ukwakheka umqondo okwenzekayo ehholo ekhonsathini, futhi ukuqonda ngokujulile okushiwo umsebenzi. izilaleli Sophisticated, khona ekhonsathini ngesikhathi Philharmonic, nanini siphambanise ne Adagio Andante, njengoba ngamunye has definition ayo kwethemu.

imigomo ayisisekelo umculo

Simelela ukunakwa kwakho imigomo edume kunazo zomculo. Uhlu kuhlanganisa amagama ezifana:

• Arpeggio - kuzithinta alternation amaphuzu njalo lapho imisindo ahlelwe ngokulandelana.
• Aria - umsebenzi vocal, opera, wenziwa neqembu lomculo wezinsimbi.
• Ukuhluka - ucezu wezinsimbi noma izingcezu, owazenza yezinkinga ezihlukahlukene.
• Gamma - Noma alternation of umculo ngendlela ethize, kodwa ngaphandle ukuxuba phezulu noma phansi enothini ukuphindaphinda.
• Ibanga - isikhawu phakathi ephansi futhi eliphakeme umsindo insimbi noma ngezwi.
• Scale - imisindo ahlelwe ilandelana ukuphakama, izikimu efanayo. Esikalini kungenzeka ekhona imisebenzi zomculo noma izingxenyana zazo.
• Cantata - ucezu for ekhonsathini wezinsimbi, soloists futhi choir.
• Clavier - wahlela symphony noma opera nokuchazwa upiyano noma ecula upiyano ihambisana.
• Opera - uhlobo ebaluleke kakhulu zomculo exhumanisa imidlalo yaseshashalazini, umculo, umculo kanye ballet.
• Prelude - isingeniso ucezu eyinhloko umculo. Ingasetshenziselwa njengoba ifomu yokuzijamela obuncane.
• Romance - umsebenzi ngokusebenza vocal nge ihambisana. Elinesimo romantic kwemizwelo, nihube.
• Rondo - ukuphinda isihloko imisebenzi ne iinthombe phakathi egwema ukukhuluma ezinye iziqephu ezihlobene.
• Symphony - umsebenzi wezinsimbi izingxenye ezine. Sisekelwe eenkambisweni ifomu sonata.
• Sonata - ucezu wezinsimbi bunjwa eziyinkimbinkimbi izingxenye eziningana, enye yazo evelele.
• Suite - umculo izingxenye eziningana, ezahlukene phakathi kokumumethweko kanye okungafani nomunye.
• Overture - isingeniso umkhiqizo, okufutshane lembula okuqukethwe main. satshanyana Yezinsimbi, njengoba umthetho, kuyinto ucezu esizimele umculo.
• Piano - ngokuhlanganisa igama amathuluzi, ezisebenza isimiso isando abatelekile izintambo ngo ukhiye.
• Chromatic gamma - gamma halftone kwakhiwa ukugcwaliswa Lesisemkhatsini halftone enkulu imizuzwana.
• Ukucolisakala - indlela zokubukwa umculo. izinhlobo Main: upiyano, vocal, choral, wezinsimbi nowezinsimbi.
• Ithoni - isici ukhathazeke ukuphakama. Ithoni accidentals isici esiyinhloko, ekutholeni indlela yokwakheka imisindo.
• Okwesithathu - yezinyathelo ezintathu isikhawu. Okukhulu yesithathu - amathoni ezimbili ezincane - ithoni nengxenye.
• Indlebe Training - lokufundiswa izifundo isimiso ngenhloso yokuba indlebe zomculo kanye nentuthuko yayo okunye.
• Scherzo - indaba emfushane zomculo lula, nemvelo ukudlala. Kwangathi zingena emsebenzini ezinkulu zomculo njengenhlangano ebalulekile okuyingxenye. Kungase kube ucezu ahlukene umculo.

Musical elithi "allegro"

Amathekhiniki ngabanye kugcwele umhlaba wonke. Njengoba isibonelo, inkulumo zomculo "allegro" (allegro) - "fast", "letijabulisako", "ekhululekile". Kuba ngokushesha kucace ukuthi lo mkhiqizo majeure inkulumo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkulumo zomculo "Allegro" lisho izenzakalo engavamile futhi ngezinye izikhathi zemikhosi. Isitayela, esibonakala by lo mqondo, ke Kuyaduduza. Kuphela ezimweni ezingavamile, igama zomculo "allegro" kusho ukuthuthukiswa onokuthula kulinganiswa kwesiqinti, play noma opera. Kodwa kulokhu, ithoni jikelele imisebenzi bejabule futhi ekhululekile.

Imigomo ukuthi ukuchaza isitayela izinhlobo zomculo

Amagama zihlukaniswe ngezigaba eziningana. Tempo, isigqi noma isivinini ngokubulawa ukuchaza imigomo ethile yomculo. Uhlu namagama:

• Adagio (Adagio) - buthule, kancane.
• Adzhitato (adgitato) - ejabule, zashayela, ngokuxhamazela.
• Andante (Andante) - kancane kancane, kancane, ucabangisise ngazo.
• Appassionato (appassionato) - uyaphila abanothando.
• Accelerando (accelerando) - okwandisa izinga kuyashesha.
• Kalyando (calando) - ne lantambama, ukunciphisa ijubane kanye nokunciphisa ingcindezi.
• Cantabile (cantabile) - omnandi, raspevno, ngomuzwa.
• Dolcheretstsa Kon (con dolcherezza) - ngobumnene, ninobubele.
• Con Forza (con Forza) - force, bethukuthele.
• Decrescendo (decrescendo) - elokhu enciphisa ngamandla umsindo.
• Dolce (dolce) - ngobumnene, nge ubumnandi, ngomusa.
• Dolorosa (doloroso) - kuyadabukisa pathetically, ngokuphuthumayo.
• Forte (Forte) - akuveza benomfutho.
• Fortissimo (fortissimo) - kakhulu elikhulu, kwahlokoma.
• Lyargo (Largo) - kahle, agcineke, kancane.
• Legato (legato) - bushelelezi, ozothile, serene.
• Lento (Lento) - kancane, okwehlisa nakakhulu.
• Ledzhiero (legiero) - kalula, ngokushelela ngokungacabangi.
• Maestoso (maestoso) - esinesithunzi, onesizotha.
• Misteriozo (Misterioso) - buthule, engaqondakali.
• Moderato (moderato) - ngokulinganisela, ngamabomu, kancane.
• Piano (upiyano) - kancane, kancane.
• Pianissimo (pianissimo) - Kuthule kakhulu, unqotshwe.
• Presto (presto) - okusheshayo, okukhulu.
• Sempra (sempre) - ngaso sonke isikhathi, ayikashintshi.
• Spirituozo (spirituozo) - Siyanibonga, ngomuzwa.
• Staccato (staccato) - nomqwayiba.
• Vivache (vivace) - umuntu onomdlandla, okusheshayo, non-stop.
• Vivo (vivo) - Tempo isilinganiso phakathi Presto futhi Allegro.

itheminoloji

• clef Treble - uphawu olukhethekile Lananyathiselwa ekuqaleni kwebanga zomculo, okubonisa ukuthi inothi enothini lokuqala "G" ivuliwe yesibili umugqa stave.
• Bass Clef - isithonjana, eqinisekisa nokuthola inothi "F" ka enothini encane ukuba stave umugqa wesine.
• Bekar - Isithonjana esikhombisa yokukhansela okwenzeka ngaso isibonakaliso sokusiza "flat" futhi "Cijela". Kuwuphawu ekuguqulweni.
• Cijela - isithonjana ekhombisa ukwanda inothi elilodwa semitone. Kuwuphawu ekuguqulweni.
• Flat - Isithonjana esikhombisa ukwehlisa inothi elilodwa semitone. Kuwuphawu ekuguqulweni.
• Kabili abukhali - isithonjana ekhombisa nokwanda kokungabi umsindo semitones ezimbili, ithoni lonke. Kuwuphawu ekuguqulweni.
• Double Flat - uphawu olumele ukwehla umsindo semitones ezimbili, ithoni lonke. Kuwuphawu ekuguqulweni.
• Umdanso - ingxenye umjikelezo, okuyinto kuphakamisa komculo.
• Izimpawu, ukunciphisa incwadi inothi, ukukhonza ukuba lula notation emculweni esimweni lendawo ekuyo. Okuvame kakhulu: tremolo Reprise uphawu, izimpawu melismatic.
• Quintuplets - ngesimo amanothi emihlanu, esikhundleni iqembu evamile amanothi ezine, isiqu - inombolo 5, ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi amanothi.
• Key - i Isithonjana esikhombisa indawo ukuqopha umsindo umugqa zomculo maqondana neminye imisindo.
• izimpawu ezisemqoka - imifanekiso ukulungiswa, ibekwe eduze ukhiye.
• Qaphela - isithonjana Ulungise omunye imigca stave, noma phakathi kwazo, okubonisa ukuphakama kanye nesikhathi umsindo.
• Stave - imigqa emihlanu parallel ihlanganise amanothi. Lapho umgwaqo imifanekiso zomculo olwenziwa kusukela phansi kuze.
• Score - notation emculweni, ehlukile ngamunye owayekhona usebenza ngokubulawa, ikhumbula ukuhambisana amazwi kanye zomculo.
• Reprise - Isithonjana esikhombisa ukuphindaphinda kwanoma iyiphi ingxenye umkhiqizo. Ucezu ukuphindaphinda, njengoba ezinye izinguquko.
• Stage - umyalelo nesikhundla imisindo ukhathazeke, ebekwe zesi-Roman.

imigomo Musical ngaso sonke isikhathi

Musical amagama - oluyisisekelo wesimanje abacula ubuciko. Ngaphandle imigomo kungenzeki ukuba alobe amanothi, kodwa akukho amanothi umculi okhokhelwayo noma umculi abakwazi ukudlala noma ukucula. zezemfundo ohlangothini imigomo - musa ukushintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi Awayi esidlule. Yasungulwa eminyakeni engaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu edlule, aziyi efanele.