Gioachino Rossini sika "Barber waseSeville": isifinyezo

Comedy ngu Pierre Beaumarchais 'The Barber waseSeville "futhi" Ukuhlanganiswa Figaro ", ngokusho kwezazi-mlando, kwakungamadodana bababonisi French Revolution, njengoba ayenjalo olufanele kakhulu futhi ebhaliwe ngesihloko sosuku. Akumangazi ukuthi, ngokwesibonelo, indaba ngowokuqala yalezi kudlala ngokuphindaphindiwe yaba isisekelo sezinguqulo Libretto opera sika. Ikakhulukazi, 1816 umsebenzi ofanayo ebhaliwe umqambi Italian Dzhoakkino Rossini. "The Barber waseSeville" enguqulweni yakhe ihlulekile ngesikhathi kwesizini. Namuhla, Nokho, abanye Arias kulo msebenzi ingazwiwa amakhonsathi eziningi ezidumile emculweni we-opera.

Rossini biography kuze 1816

Ngaphambi echaza indlela opera "The Barber waseSeville" waba isifinyezo okuyinto ebhaliwe lapha ngenzansi, kuyafaneleka ukukhumbula ngokuthi ubani owayemkhulu umlobi wayo. Ngakho, Dzhoakkino Rossini wazalwa ngo 1792 edolobheni Italy Pesaro, emndenini umculi kanye icilongo umdlali. amakhono akhe emkhakheni umculo Kwatholakala ekuseni kakhulu, futhi abazali ngokushesha wathumela umfana ukufunda e Bologna.

Okokuqala opera umqambi osemusha ( "Lo mthethosivivinywa umshado," 1810) wamyisa ukunakekela komphakathi, futhi 2 iminyaka ezayo Rossini babengenalo yokuntuleka oda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wabhala imisebenzi "Tancredi" futhi "L'Italiana e Algeri", okuyinto kwalandelwa isimemo sokuyosebenza ngoba ethiyetha "iScala".

Ingemuva "The Barber waseSeville"

Ngo 1816 Dzhoakkino Rossini usayine isivumelwano ne LamaRoma yaseshashalazini Arzhentino eyisibambiso ngaphansi okuyinto ukubhala opera omusha zomkhosi. Ngokwe-inqubo esikhona ngaleso sikhathi, Libretto kwadingeka ukuba zithunyelwe ukutholwa yi censors, kodwa akukho ukukhetha alizange livunyelwe. Lapho isikhathi ngaphambi zomkhosi lalinokuncane, umcabango umqambi abamahlaya Beaumarchais sika "The Barber waseSeville," okuyinto wayevele kathathu yaba isisekelo sezinguqulo indaba opera ukusebenza enkundleni isiNtaliyane, sabe sesinquma ukuhamba baye bakhanda indlela, ukuze nje ingangqubuzani inkontileka.

Inqubo ekudaleni opera kanye noNdunankulu

Ngokushesha ngemva kokuthola imvume kusuka censors, Rossini wahamba wayosebenza futhi kuqedwe ngesikhathi irekhodi, esibalelwa kube ingqikithi yezinsuku ezingu-13. Ngokuqondene Libretto, owawuthi, yesehlakalo of the opera kuyinto Sevilla, kanye nesikhathi - ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18, it lalotshwa Cesare Sterbini.

Lena yindlela opera "The Barber waseSeville," okwakusho cishe eminyakeni engu-200 saba khona Useke wadlula amakhulu imikhiqizo. Nokho, undunankulu inzalo Rossini yahamba kabi kakhulu. Iqiniso lokuthi e-1782 umkhiqizo nge indzaba lefanako inkanyiso ebhaliwe opera Italy Dzhovanni Paiziello, okwadingeka a lot of abalandeli. Ukubukeka inguqulo entsha wale mithandazo kwakubonakala ukungalihloniphi umuntu asekhulile master, futhi booed abalingisi, enza Arias ngu Rossini. Yize kwesizini, ukusebenza yesibili kwenzeka ngempela, wabayisa akuzange kuliphazamise umbhali, futhi wayeyisazi Paganini. Umphumela waba nje okuphambene, futhi izibukeli bencoma, ngisho abaqalise udwendwe torchlight behlonipha Rossini.

ibika

Ababaningi abantu abazi ukuthi Rossini sika "Barber waseSeville" ngesimo lapho namuhla eyaziwa, ihlukile kulokho eqale iyikho. Ikakhulukazi, esikhundleni zonke ibika ajwayelekile ukuthi obulandela nesenzakalo play izinhlamvu ababukeli kwesizini abamenyiwe Medley engavamile-Spanish abantu umdanso amashuni, eyayizoba kabusha emkhathini Seville. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwaba khona indaba umphenyi: ngaphambi ukusebenza yesibili wafakazela ukuthi score ivele yanyamalala. Khona-ke Rossini, ogama ubuvila e-Italy iye yaba undab 'uzekwayo, nje rummaged ngokusebenzisa amaphepha wakhe bathola ibika ebhaliwe yomkhiqizo sidle. Kwaba esona kusukela ngaleso sikhathi futhi waqala umsindo isikhathi ngasinye waqala enye show-zesiteji of the opera "The Barber waseSeville." Ngaphezu kwalokho, umculo ofanayo okuhlukile, futhi phambi eyasetshenziswa umqambi ngesikhathi ukusebenza zomculo.

"The Barber waseSeville." Amazwibela Mthetho mina: Mina lengqondo

Indlu Dr. Bartolo, Rosina uhlala, okuyinto lapho uqala nje ukubona owayo uthandana Ukubala Almaviva. Umema abaculi, ngakho bacula misindo ngaphansi efasiteleni lakhe. Nokho, yena akusho ukuya emphemeni, futhi le nsizwa yayingumuntu udumazeke. Nangu eza Figaro - a humorist zendawo barber, kwazi bani ukuthi ukubala scoundrel abadumile. Almaviva engena ingxoxo naye futhi icela imali ukumsiza ukushada Rosina. Figaro ngokujabula uyavuma. Abantu baqala ukwenza uhlelo, kodwa uyaphuma zendlu ka Bartolo, ngubani ukhuluma ngokwakhe, futhi ekhaphela ngenhloso yawo ngokushesha ukushada lesigceme sakhe. It is kususwe, kanye Ukubala beqiniseka ukuthi ngesikhathi akulutho ukuvimbela ukubona othandekayo wakhe futhi lihlabelela a misindo egameni uLindor umculi. Rosina lokuqala iyaphendula kuye ngisuka esitezi engangikuso, kodwa ngokushesha bese ageleza. Figaro kusikisela Almaviva ukushintsha nesosha bese uya Bartolo. Kube igrafu kufanele bamele odakiwe, ngubani isiqiniseko sokuthi wathunyelwa ulinde nje kule ndlu.

Isifinyezo II lengqondo isenzo

Izenzakalo ezenzeka endlini Bartolo. Ucala isithombe II (isiphi isinyathelo ebengingasithatha opera "The Barber waseSeville") aria Rosina, lapho yena lihlabelela mayelana uthando lwakhe Leandro. Bese kufika ekhaya Bartolo futhi Basilio kamuva - intombazane umculo uthisha. He chazela udokotela ukuthi ihlebe Rosina futhi Almaviva, njengoba abathandi. Bartolo wahlambalaza futhi Basilio uhlabelela la mazwi aria odumile nokunyundela. Ngo yesehlakalo elilandelayo, Figaro utshela intombazane ngothando Leander futhi imtshela ukubhala incwadi ensizweni. It kuvela ukuthi Rosina asekwenzile, futhi barber ngenjabulo eqala imisebenzi postman. Bartolo bonke abasolwa bese kubekwa Owesifazane kwahluthulelwa.

Ivela Almaviva, wazifihla njengendlela isosha. Naphezu kweziqinisekiso kodokotela ukuthi endlini yayo ikhululiwe billeting, Ukubala enqaba ukuba ngimuke bathule Rosina likwenza kucace ukuthi kuyinto fan of uLindor wakhe. Bartolo uzama sokuxosha "ibutho", ngubani eqala ukwenza enkingeni. Ngu skirmish ngamazwi ujoyine njengoba Basilio Figaro futhi intombazana. Umsindo yabakhanga yabalindi edolobheni, kodwa Almaviva kungabi khona muntu oboshwayo, njengoba utshela igama lakhe futhi isihloko esikhulu.

"The Barber waseSeville": okuqukethwe isithombe mina Mthetho II

Almaviva iwukuba Bartolo ngesimo uthisha umculo, nokusolakala ukuthi beza esikhundleni Basilio iyagula. Ngenxa yalokhu, lapho ukukhohliswa "ukunikeza sifundo" Rosina. Duet yabo akanjalo Bartolo enquma ukukhombisa umfundi futhi elithi "umfundisi", okuyinto iculo nokuthi ukuhlabelela.

Figaro ifika phuca Bartolo nokunikezwa. Nakuba udokotela ihlala ngobuso lathered, Count kuvumelana Intandokazi yokuphunyuka. Kungazelelwe Basilio, kodwa Figaro, Almaviva futhi Rosina sebeqala ngenjongo yokumbonisa ukuthi wayenobuhlobo imfiva. Earl uphatha ukuletha lokhu esikhwameni uthisha - futhi yena abuyele ekhaya, "ukuphathwa ngayo." Bartolo uqala usola ukuthi wayezama ukukhohlisa, futhi ukhipha yonke kodwa Rosina nezincekukazi.

Okuqukethwe II Scene II isenzo

I-orchestra udlala isinqamu emisebenzini ngu Rossini, "itshe lokuvivinya". Ngaphezu kwalokho, opera "The Barber waseSeville" uyaqhubeka phansi zendlu ka Bartolo yesibili. Ancibilikisa iwindi futhi ekamelweni zingene Ukubala kanye Figaro. Rosina Almaviva lembula ungubani bakhe beqiniso eseyintombazane kuze kube yileso sikhathi babembheka ngumculi uLindor. Bekanye Figaro, yena ekwenza wakhe ukubaleka. Kodwa ngathola ngomzuzu wokugcina ukuthi isitebhisi ngawo intsha ezazisendlini wanyamalala. Njengoba kuvela kamuva, yashaya Bartolo eyayihamba ngoba ummeli olungisa izivumelwano.

Nakhu kufika ummeli olungisa izivumelwano kanye Basilio Bartolo okubangelwa ukubhalisa umshado phakathi kwakhe Rosina. Almaviva ukufunjathiswa futhi uncenga kokubili ukuphetha umshado phakathi kwakhe intombazane, okwamanje wabuya Bartolo. Kwesivumelwano etshengisa inkontileka umshado, bese kukhona udokotela, ephelezelwa onogada. Bartolo batshelwa ukuthi lutho kungashintshwa, futhi kwakusadingeka isamukele isiphetho sabo, ikakhulukazi njengoba Almaviva renounces isipho yomkakhe. Bonke ngothi lwabo ukucula aria yokugcina wekubuyisana.

Ukukhiqizwa lokuqala "The Barber waseSeville" ngesiRashiya

Phakathi nekhulu leminyaka le-19, ubuciko opera eRussia lavuselelwa okungavamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezindaweni zemidlalo yeshashalazi ezikhethekile owawukhona hhayi kuphela e-dolobha kodwa futhi ezifundazweni. Ngokwesibonelo, ukukhiqizwa lokuqala "The Barber waseSeville" kwenziwa e 1821 e-Odessa ezweni lethu. Umdlalo kwaba in Italian futhi ube yimpumelelo enkulu. Ngemva konyaka, "The Barber waseSeville", sifinyeto okuyinto bonke abathandi opera eyaziwa, wavuselwa Petersburg. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, wayehlale ekhona repertoire inkampani opera Italy eNorth yenhloko-dolobha, nezinkathi eziningana aria Rosina sika kuwo ukwenza edumile uPolina Viardo.

"The Barber waseSeville" ngesikhathi Mariinsky Theatre

Ngo 1783 uCatherine II ngaphambilini ukusungula Petersburg Bolshoi Theatre, okwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kabusha yokudumisa iNdlovukazi Maria Alexandrovna. Ngo-October ka-1882 kwakukhona okuhleliwe "The Barber waseSeville." I Mariinsky Theatre uye wahileleka ukusebenza abadlali bayo engcono. Ngakho, leli qembu Bartolo eyenziwa F. Stravinsky (uyise ka umqambi wezingoma odumile Stravinsky), Almaviva - P. A. Lody, Rosina - M. A. Slavina futhi Figaro - Prianishnikov. "The Barber waseSeville" Mariinsky Theatre okwesibili setha ngoMashi 1918, nge ukubanjwa kweqhaza Rostov, Volevach, Karakash, Serebryakov, Losev, Denisov futhi Stepanova. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwakukhona ukusebenza ezimbili - ngo-1940 nango-1958. Ngo-October 2014, kudlalwé "The Barber waseSeville" nge I. Selivanov E. Umerov, O. Pudova, Korotich, F. Kuznetsov no E. Sommer.

Umculi odumile aria Rosina

Manje-ke ukuthi ethandwa kakhulu Arias besifazane phakathi classical abathandi umculo. Ikakhulukazi, phakathi njalo lwenziwa kakhulu ihlanganisa ingoma okuyinto lihlabelela Rosina ( "The Barber waseSeville" by Rossini) ekuqaleni isithombe II Mthetho mina). Omunye abadlali engcono ubhekwa UMaria Callas, ngubani ephethwe ukuwudlulisela ngokuphelele engenangqondo lesi simo. Phela, okuqukethwe kwe-Arias ezilandelayo: Rosina ngeke khumbulani ukuba ishade futhi kulindeleke ukuba abe ngumkakhe nizithobe, kodwa kuphela uma oshade naye ngeke ukumphikisa. Uma akafuni ukuba izitike kwaneliswa nezifiso zakhe, lithembisa ukuba vixen yangempela futhi okuguqula ukuphila kwakhe esihogweni.

Njengoba zabahlabeleli Russian we aria kusukela opera "The Barber waseSeville", phakathi kwabo kukhona A. V Nezhdanovu V. Barsovu, V. Firsov. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo msebenzi baletha udumo omunye bhá opera Divas isikhathi sethu - Anna Netrebko. By the way, aria Rosina azenza njengomdlali waseshashalazini ngethalente elingenakuphikwa ukucula Ekaterina Savinova movie "Buya kusasa." Lesi sithombe waba impumelelo, futhi umlingiswa oyinhloko - Frosya Burlakov - wakhumbula konke.

Aria ka Figaro

Rossini sika "Barber waseSeville" (isifinyezo ethulwa ngenhla) yaziwa nangokuthi umuntu onentshisekelo amazwi zabesilisa. Ngokwesibonelo, omunye ethandwa kakhulu iyona aria ka Figaro. Kulotshiwe okwesikhathi Baritone, futhi wezinwele wakhe merry brags ka indispensability yayo izakhamuzi kanye udumo yena, zimemeza zithi "Bravo, Figaro! Bravo, Bravissimo! "Kuningi Ongoti umculo we-classic abakholelwa ngisho nokuthi lena aria nomthelela yokuthi zonke eziningi ngonyaka kwezindlu opera emhlabeni wonke ukubeka play" The Barber waseSeville. " Figaro komculo enkundleni abadwebi abaningi abadumile. Phakathi kwabo akakwazi ngokuthi Muslim Magomayev, futhi abaculi angaphandle - Baritone omkhulu Italian Titta Ruffo.

nezinye izinhlangano

Omunye umdlalo omnandi ukuthi ihlobisa opera "The Barber waseSeville", ukubuyekezwa zazo nge Fedora Shalyapina wahlala bajabula kakhulu - Basilio fanele. Wabuye wahlabelela ezifana bass odumile njengoba Ruggero Raimondi, Laszlo Polgar, Ferruccio Furlanetto futhi Paolo Montarsolo.

"The Barber waseSeville" - ingenye opera bejabule kakhulu futhi omuhle, eyayijabulisa ngisho ulalele abantu abangahlakaniphile neze umculo we-classic.