"Ukulwa kombuso oqinile": abalingisi kanye nezindima, isakhiwo sesithombe

Uhlobo lwe-comedy satirical luyatholakala njalo emibonweni yaseRussia. Ukuqala kwakhe ku-cinema entsha yaseRashiya kwafakwa "Ukuhlaziya kombuso oqinile", abadlali abaphendulela isithombe sibe yinto eyiyo ngobuciko. Ihlonywe ngo-1991 ngesisekelo sezindaba ezivela kumjikelezo othi "Indawo" yomlobi we-emigre uSergei Dovlatov no-"Ukumelela" ngu-F.M. I-Dostoevsky comedy-grotesque empeleni yavala uLeninist wasekhaya (umsebenzi omuhle kaViktor Sukhorukov) futhi waletha umkhuba ngaphansi kweBolshevik. Izwe, ngendlela ye-Marxist, ishilo, ihleka ...

Abaqondisi nababukeli be-screenwriters

Le filimu yaba yiziqephu zamabhayisikobho ama-cinematographer amabili anethalente - uVladimir Studennikov noMikhail Grigoriev (abafundi bakaY. Mamin). Benza njengababukeli be-screenwriters nabaqondisi. Namuhla, bavame ukuhlambalazwa ukuthi kwakungekho nhlobo kubhaliso ku-Dovlatov, owaboleka umugqa wendaba. Akufanele sikhohlwe ukuthi ifilimu yakhululwa ngo-1992, kodwa yadutshulwa ngonyaka ngaphambili. Ukusebenzisa igama lomlobi ohlazekile kungathinta isiphetho sesithombe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-Dovlatov, owakhonza ohlelweni lwe-ITC, uchaza isithombe esibucayi nesicasulayo sokuphila etilongweni, lapha kuboniswa ngokuhleka nokuhleka okumangalisayo.

Izingxoxo eziqhakazile nezinkulumo zokuthukuthela kosuku zihambisana nefilimu "Ukuhlaziya kombuso oqinile." Abadlali nezindima zihlangene kakhulu kangangokuthi umbukeli unomuzwa: iziboshwa kanye nabalindi akuzona abadlali abaqeqeshiwe, kodwa abantu bangempela abavela ekuphileni. Lokhu kwabonisa amathalenta omqondisi uStudennikov noGrigoriev, bakhetha abalingisi baseSt. Petersburg, obuso babo abangajwayelekile kumabonakude. Kwabaningi, lokhu kwakuwukuqala komsebenzi oqeqeshiwe.

Ukufaka isiteji

Enhliziyweni yesithombe kuyinkinga enkulu: indlela yokugubha ekoloni ikhulu leminyaka yomholi wezentengiselwano zezwe, iJubane lalo livuselela izwe lonke. Namuhla, cishe abantu abasha abakwazi ukuphendula umbuzo othi ngubani uSverdlov, Martov, uDzerzhinsky. Futhi bayazi ngoLenin kuphela kumongo wokuthi umzimba wakhe awunikelwa emhlabathini. Futhi ngasekuqaleni kuka-1970, izikhumbuzo zabavukeli bezingubo zazihlobisa izindawo eziyinhloko zamadolobha, futhi konke ukuphila kwakugcwele izingcaphuno ze-Ilyich enkulu. Umdwebo ohlakaniphile wesithombe saleso sikhathi yisiqubulo lapho isitatimende ngoLenin sisayinwe nguye.

Ukuphupha kwama-epaulettes amakholoni amakhulu ase-zapolit (i-Ivan Krivoruchko) ufuna isitifiketi esikhungweni sezemidlalo phakathi kwabalindi. Akakhathaleli ukuthi yiziphi iziqu ezisezingeni eliphezulu lezomnotho, okubaluleke kakhulu, indawo yokudlala yaseshashalazini. Ngakho-ke lo mqondo uzalwa ukuze uthande umusa kumuntu jikelele, ikhanda eliyinhloko lenqubo ye-ITU, ukubeka ukusebenza kwangempela kwezinguquko ngamandla amabanjwa. Okumangalisa kakhulu isimo, lapho ngomfanekiso wabaguquleli abadumile abadlali bekhethwe ngokuvumelana nesimiso sokufana kwangaphandle kanye nezihloko zesiphetho: "Ukudlwengula ngeke kwenzeke."

Ngokuqaphela umqondo wesosayensi wezombusazwe, isithombe esithi "A Comedy of Regime Regime" siqala. Imisebenzi isatshalaliswa ngendlela yokuthi i-Zanovsky pahan ikhona eqenjini elifanayo njengesiboshwa esiboshiwe okuthiwa uPleshak. Omunye kumele adlale uDzerzhinsky (V. Solovyov), kanti owesibili - uLenin (V. Sukhorukov).

Indima enkulu

Umculi Wabantu Wokumangalelwa UNkulunkulu weRussia Federation Viktor Sukhorukov ungumdlali oyingqayizivele. Kwakukhona isikhathi empilweni yakhe lapho ephuca ithalenta lakhe, eshiya i-Leningrad Comedy Theater futhi ejikijela phansi kakhulu empilweni: ukuphuza, ukuzulazula. Kwabe sekukhona umhlangano ojabulisayo no- Yuri Mamin, owamudubula kumdlalo we "Sideburns". Eminyakeni engamashumi amane kwaqala impilo emisha - ukukhuphuka kwenani eliphakeme lomsebenzi (kusukela kuVictor Bagrov kuya kuPaul I). Ukuqala kwalokhu kuqashelwa kwakuyi-"Comedy of regime eqinile", abadlali abathintekayo ngokushesha. Ngomsebenzi wababoshwa uZuev (Pleshak) uSukhorukov wathola imiklomelo yemikhosi emibili - e-Honfleur (France) naseConstellation-92.

Ukuguqulwa okuvela kumboshwa oziqhenyayo, ukuqothula yonke impi ephuma eParacia, egunyeni elingavunyelwe elimelele esihlalweni sobukhosi seZonov, njengokungathi uphinda isiphetho sakhe. Iqhawe lakhe liye lajwayela umdwebo umgcini-mgcinini uZoya (N. Zharikova) angaqapheli ukumphika esondelene naye futhi akakuboni lokhu ukukhashelwa: "Slavik, ungumholi!" Umsebenzi wekhishi wakhiwa ngaphansi komyalo wakhe "ngokuthula," esabela ngokushesha Ukugxeka: "Ingcosana yesikhewu isiliva." Futhi manje uZuyev ubhala phansi umlenze wenkukhu enamafutha, uphekwe kuye ngaphansi komyalelo okhethekile.

Namuhla V. Sukhorukov isuswe njalo, ucabangela ukuthi izenzakalo eziyinhloko zenzeka esigabeni sezemidlalo. Usematasa emidlalweni yamahhala amathathu ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngaphandle kokusheshisa ukuthatha izindima ezidlulayo ebhayisikobho. Ugcina izinga lakhe eliphakeme lekhono, futhi ukubamba iqhaza kwakhe kunoma yiliphi ifilimu kuyisiqinisekiso esiqinisekisayo sekhwalithi yesithombe.

"Ukulwa kombuso oqinile": abadlali kanye nezindima zeziboshwa

Umsebenzi onzima kakhudlwana wukuthi labo abadinga ukujwayela imifanekiso yeziboshwa ezaba yingxenye yomdlalo. Babengadingeki nje ukudalula uhlamvu lwabaqhawe, kodwa futhi ukukhombisa ukukhula kwabo kokudala esiteji, ukuphindukuzalwa kwaba yizimpinduko, okumele badlale indima yabo. U-Victor Soloviev (pahan, uDzerzhinsky) unefilimu enkulu - izithombe ezingaphezu kuka-80. Ngobusuku wadlala indima ebalulekile kumafilimu amabili amakhulu, kodwa ukubukeka kwesimilo kwakuvame ukusetshenziswa kabi ngabaqondisi bochungechunge ukuze baveze ama-fascists, ama-bandits kanye nezikhulu. Le comedy ingacatshangwa yimpumelelo yokudala yomdlali, owadala isithombe esicacile nesingasoleki.

Leli qembu laliyi "Comedy of the regime eqinile", abadlali abathola isikole esihle kakhulu ngoStanislav Kontsevich (Livshits, Sverdlov), uLev Kubarev (Gorshkov, Vasiliev), u-Yuri Vyushin (uSverchkov, umkhumbi). Ikusasa labo lalihlukile esikhathini esizayo. U-Kontsevich waba yinkosikazi enkulu yokudabuka, izwi lakhe lakhulunywa nguHarrison Ford, uNicolas Cage noJack Nicholson. Umdlali womdlalo wezemidlalo u-Kubarev ushone eminyakeni embalwa kamuva ngemuva kokugula okubi, futhi uVivushin uyaqhubeka ekhonza emidlalo yezemidlalo "iBaltic House", ejabulisa abamthandayo. I-Menshevik Martov Yevgeny Merkuriev edlalwa namhlanje yi-actor ethandwa kakhulu (Umculi Wabantu we-Russian Federation, umnikazi weNkokhelo Yombuso we-Russian Federation). Umshana womdabu waseVasily Merkuryev omkhulu, wabulawa ngokudabuka ngo-2007, washiya izithombe zefilimu eziqinile.

Iziphathimandla

Abalingisi befilimu "I-Comedy of Regime Regime", owadlala abasebenzi be-ITU kanye nabaningi ngemikhumbi yamahhashi, njengokungathi bazalwa ekuthunyelwe kwabo. U-Vladimir Kalish (jikelele), owashona ngo-2003, akaziwa kakhulu ngababukeli abaningi. Impumelelo yakhe ye-cinema ephumelelayo ixhunywe nomqondisi u-Yuri Mamin. Nguye owaveza esikrinini ithalenta lomdlali wezemidlalo, owabonakala ngokucacile kwifilimu yabafundi bakhe. U-Ivan Krivoruchko (zampolit) wadlala esigabeni somdlalo wezemidlalo wasePsykov, namuhla ungumculi wabantu baseRussian Federation. Kusukela ngo-2000 wenza eMoscow Art Theatre. I-Gorky. Wayengumdlali wezemidlalo kanye noViktor Mikhailov, owadlala ikhanda. Ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe ngo-1994, wabonakala esiteji seTheatre. I-Pushkin. Isithombe esicacile se-Private Vasiliev, owafunda ematayatheni, wadala uKonstantin Demidov, umlingisi weTheatre. Komissarzhevskaya.

Indima yodwa yowesifazane wesitolo esitolo uZoya yenziwa nguNadezhda Zharikova, owake wavela ezikrinini ngezikhathi ezithile. Lesi sithombe yinhlanhla yangempela yomdlali. Abagxeki abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kwakungumdlalo ovelele wabadlali abaphendulela le filimu ibe yinto engokoqobo. Ukuba nesikole esikhulu sezemidlalo, bahluleka ukungenisi amakhompiki e-topical inothi lokungcolisa.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwesakhiwo

Iziboshwa zavuma ukuhlanganyela e-farce ngaphansi kwengcindezi, ngokushesha zanquma ukusebenzisa ukuhlelwa komdlalo ukuze kulungiswe ukuphunyuka. Kodwa ngokushesha baxhuma kakhulu emifanekisweni yabo emisha ukuthi ukufaneleka kanye nezikhundla ezichazwe abaguquguquki baba yizingqinamba eziyinhloko ezimpikiswaneni: "Futhi ngingumongameli weKhomishana Yabantu Yomphakathi!" Inkulumo eyinhloko eveza incazelo ebalulekile yale filimu kwakuyisikhathi sokudlala ngenye yezinduna: Society ". Futhi umbukeli angaqagela ukuthi ubani la magama aqondiswa kuwo: abadlali noma izinhlamvu zabo. Ukuphunyuka kweziboshwa kuphelile ngokuthi "Ukuhlaziya kombuso oqinile." Abadlali bakwazi ukudlala ngaleyo ndlela, okubangela nokumamatheka. Ungadonsa ikhanda lakho nodonga, kuphela ukuthi ube ngesikhathi esisodwa esitokisini esilandelayo. Ifilimu kufanelekile ukubukela, ngoba ukuhleka kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokukhuluma ngokuhle esikhathini esidala.