Umlando yokuzalwa zokubelethisa. lokuzalwa Okuvamile (lokuqala nelesibili)

Ukuze sibonise lesifanele isithombe yokuphila futhi bonke omama esizayo Ucwaningo ihlanganiswe umlando wokuzalwa zokubelethisa. Jwayelekile lokuzalwa abesifazane athembele ngokuphelele inhlolovo nokhondolo ngofuzo. Zonke udokotela lonke emasontweni 40 ezilotshwe kule dokhumenti. It kubhekwa isenzo kwezomthetho amandla abo angokomthetho futhi kuyadingeka ezimweni lapho zombili izinhlangothi zenqaba ukuthatha umthwalo ngokwabo. Lokuxazulula izingxabano umlando lokuzalwa eyicela adluliselwa ubuyekeze udokotela abakhulu, abaphathi bakhe eziphezulu, futhi uma kuthatha ithuba sina - umshushisi.

enqabela

Umlando yokuzalwa zokubelethisa, njenganoma iyiphi enye idokhumenti sina, has a degree zobumfihlo. Udokotela okhulelwe, ubophekile ukuba athule hhayi usabalalisa ulwazi besithathu mayelana kokubeletha. Ukukhethwa kulapho ulwazi kucelwe abomthetho.

Ukuze ugweme ukwephula umthetho-November 21, 2011 N 323-FZ "Ngesisekelo Ukuvikelwa zezempilo Russian Federation", ababelethisi kanye nabanye abasebenzi ezikhungweni zezempilo, ukuthi bahlola abesifazane abakhulelwe banqatshelwe ukukopisha noma bethwebula imibiko yezokwelapha, agcina lokuzalwa umlando zokubelethisa. ukudiliva Jwayelekile futhi ancike nesineke. Uma ugcwalisa idokhumenti udokotela owesifazane okhulelwe kufanele ibe engagunci kakhulu. Kuphela lokho kuyosisiza obstetricians ukusungula uphethwe ecacile futhi zilungile. Kungenjalo yena izingozi ukwelashwa okungalungile, lokhu kungaphazamisa intuthuko zomsebenzi.

Imithetho ukugcwaliswa nezindaba

Kukhona imithetho eziyisisekelo ngokugcwalisa idokhumenti, okuyinto egcina wonke umlando wokuzalwa zokubelethisa.

1. imininingwane iphasiphothi yase- :

• Igama eliphelele esigulini;
• Usuku lokuzalwa;
• Indawo yokuzalwa;
• Indawo yomsebenzi (noma isifundo);
• Xhumana ikheli kanye nenombolo yocingo;
• isimo somshado;
• imfundo;
• Ukuze uthole ulwazi mayelana umyeni wakhe futhi imininingwane yayo;
• Isikhathi sokufika esibhedlela.

Okulandelayo, udokotela kufanele uchaze zonke izikhalazo ngalo ziphazamisa nesineke.

2. Imininingwane Medical kusukela ekuzalweni

Kube kufanele ahlathululwe ulwazi mayelana izifo esidlule kanye izifo etholakalayo. Isiguli kumele ncamashi yisho lonke ulwazi mayelana komzimba nezinto imithi. Uma kukhona esiwufuzo, udokotela kufanele wazi ngazo. Futhi kulesi sigaba kuyinto ulwazi mayelana okuvela sokubeletha.

3. ukuhlaziywa zokubelethisa

Lesi sigaba elicacisa ulwazi ezihlobene nokukhulelwa kanye nokubeletha. Udokotela embulele yonke imininingwane, okungase kuthinte ukulethwa. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa ngamunye abakhulelwe senziwa ngamunye, esekelwe ukukhulelwa odlule kanye nezingane ezizalwa. Liqukethe ulwazi igazi: ukulahlekelwa kwakhe futhi igazi. Lapha, udokotela wenza ukuhlolwa kwezempilo, ngesisekelo idatha ngenhla.

Anamnesis sokukhulelwa ka amasonto 38

Le nkathi ubhekwa eyamukelekayo ukuthunyelwa, kodwa namanje zakuqala for umntwana. On yokwemukela esibhedlela ukuba ncamashi ezigcwele umlando wokuzalwa zokubelethisa. ukulethwa Okuvamile (amasonto 38), futhi kungase kudlule ngaphandle yezinkinga, kodwa emva kokubelethwa, odokotela kumelwe ukuqhuba Luhlolo emaqinisweni ukwephulwa ekuthuthukiseni kwezinye izitho ingane.

Kwezinye izimo, le nkathi ingase isethwe ngokungalungile. Lokhu kungase kuthinte omama abasanda yolwazi olungalungile mayelana umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini uwubufakazi kanye ultrasound kuqala. Eemvekeni ezi-38 ingane ithatha isikhundla lesifanele esibelethweni futhi ilungele lokuzalwa. Ngokuvamile kule eside kungabonwa zabasebenzi zamanga nihlelele emzimbeni womuntu wesifazane esikhathini samanje. Ngokwezibalo yezempilo, yigama elijwayelekile elisho ukulethwa, okuvame kuhambe kahle.

Anamnesis sokukhulelwa zamaviki 39

Ngalesi isikhathi owesifazane okhulelwe ungaqala zabasebenzi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Odokotela oqhuba ukuhlolwa ezidingekayo, okuyinto zidluliselwa esibhedlela womama. Eemvekeni ezi-39 ingane uwela aphansi ocindezelwe kwesilevu sakhe emadolweni. Uma uthola omama abasanda womama esibhedlela lokuzalwa umlando wokubelethisa kumele zigcwaliswe.

ukulethwa Okuvamile (amasonto 39) elinomlando ezinhle ngokuvamile sishesha futhi ngaphandle izinkinga. Kule ncwadi echaza zonke kunesidingo ukuyohlolwa kwemithi enqunyiwe. Kusukela ekuzalweni sebekholwa, owesifazane kufanele hlomela them kusengaphambili, ngemuva kokuphumelela nokuhlola, uma umuzwa noma yiziphi izinguquko emzimbeni.

Anamnesis sokukhulelwa zamaviki 40

Le nkathi ubhekwa kwaqedwa sokukhulelwa. Uma lwemishikashika asikafiki, kumele uye esibhedlela, ngoba ukungezwakali kwawo kungaba ngenxa yokuhluleka yangaphakathi. Owesifazane ungeniswe esibhedlela ukuyohlolwa, is phansi ucwaningo ephelele, zangaphakathi nezangaphandle. Ngesisekelo konke lokhu ligcwele umlando wokuzalwa zokubelethisa. ukulethwa Okuvamile (amasonto 40) abhekwa elihle kunawo - umntwana usuke esekulungele sokuzalwa, ngokuvumelanayo isebenze kuzo zonke izitho zangaphakathi. Udokotela kumele ngendlela efanele asondele esingayifunda ekuziphatheni kwale dokhumenti enjalo, njengoba umlando wokuzalwa zokubelethisa, uyobona kakhulu encike kwezidingo evamile.

4. Isifundo Inhloso

Lokhu kuhlanganisa zokuqopha imicabango yabantu esuka nezinye Ochwepheshe. Eyokuqala esikalini isimo ngokwengqondo abesifazane. Ngezindlela eziningi, incike lokho bill zabasebenzi. Lokhu kwaphinde wenza uphawu olukhethekile.

lokuzalwa lokuqala

Ukukhulelwa nokubeletha bachazwa emlandweni, ehambisana umbiko. Kwenye indlela ibizwa ngokuthi - indaba yokuzalwa zokubelethisa. Jwayelekile nokubeletha kuqala adinga odokotela Ucwaningo olujulile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukholelwa ngokuqinile ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuba sibikezele Yiqiniso yale nqubo futhi ukusabela umzimba.

lokuzalwa Okokuqala okuthakazelisayo, hhayi kuphela abasebenzi kodwa futhi abesifazane. Iziguli ezinjalo kufanele ukukhathazeka kancane, ngoba azilazi lokutawulandzela, futhi ilukuluku Onqobayo ukwesaba futhi injabulo. Yonke inqubo ukulethwa kusukela ekuqaleni iziqubu kuqala futhi ngaphambi kokuba umntwana ezweni ochazwa i obelethisayo emlandweni. Lonke ulwazi ngaphambi umcimbi, iqukethe umlando bokubeletha. Izinga for the ukukhulelwa lokuqala - ukulethwa isikhathi amasonto 38 kuya 41. Obstetricians wahlola ulwazi izikhalazo kanye nezifo ukuthi zibe khona phakathi nenkathi yokukhulelwa. Zonke lezi idatha ezilotshwe ikholomu "ucwaningo umgomo".

lokuzalwa yesibili

ukubeletha Okwesibili ungowesifazane ngokushesha kulokuqala. Njengomthetho, umlando kusekelwe idatha ukukhulelwa wokuqala, equkethe umlando wokuzalwa zokubelethisa. Eutocia ungaqala nge amasonto 38-39. Emlandweni abesifazane kufanele licaciswe imininingwane ukukhulelwa odlule kanye nezingane ezizalwa, okuyinto amakhulu bese ugcina umlando wokuzalwa zokubelethisa.

Jwayelekile lokuzalwa yokugcina incike uphethwe yini ngudokotela wakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphambili kuchazwe ulwazi mayelana lokuzalwa kwengane, ukukhula kwawo nezifo azalwa naso, uma ikhona. Konke lokhu kuzosiza obstetricians kahle kuphatsa bantfu besifazane abakhulelwe nokuziphatha izizukulwane eminye.

5. isimo zokubelethisa

Leli phuzu kuwufanele elandelayo emlandweni lokuzalwa. Lapha yizilinganiso kwesibeletho kanye ukhalo, setha kwenhliziyo ka-fetus futhi isikhundla salo ngaphambi kokuzalwa esibelethweni. Uma udokotela noma yimuphi umbandela impilo esolwa wesifazane noma umbungu, kuze ekuzalweni, odokotela bazokutshela sihlale njalo siqaphele nesineke futhi imiphumela neqhaza kulesi sigaba. Lapho owesifazane engatholi esibhedlela, it is zihlolwe for dilatation kanye nokuchaza degree of ukulungela ukushiya.

6. Sifo futhi Umcabango

Kususelwa yonke idatha ngenhla udokotela usetha uphethwe yini. Indaba yakhe, ebhala, yenza ufaneleke umzamo futhi kuqinisekisa ukuhlaziywa kanye nokuhlolwa njalo. amaphuzu Udokotela kulesi sigaba, kusukela osukwini lokushintsha yezokwelapha kuqala nokuvakasha ulwazi mayelana zokugcina umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibala futhi liqophe Imininingwane isisindo somzimba kanye kubonisa uhlobo abazoba kwezidingo.

7. Isu ukulethwa

Udokotela kuholela eqinisekile uhlelo kwezidingo inqubo. Lezi zihlanganisa idatha analgesia, ingcindezi kanye ukuhamba ikhanda umbungu. Noma yimuphi uma eziphuthumayo kufanele kuchazwe sinyathelo ngesinyathelo nazo zonke amakhambi kunokwenzeka. Kulesi ikholomu imithi ebekiwe yesondlo kanye lokungeniswa zomsebenzi.

8. Inkambo nokubeletha

Lo kholamu uchaza indlela izinkathi ukulethwa. Lapha, ngamunye fixed kuncibilika. Umgomo oyinhloko bezingelwa umlando wokuzalwa zokubelethisa - ukudiliva evamile. Abesifazane yengane esindayo umsebenzi kufanele ulondoloze impilo yayo esizayo. Kuchazwe ngalesi zokukhwabanisa iphuzu obstetricians okuhloswe ngaso ekulondolozeni izitho ezibalulekile isiguli. Uma kwethulwa idatha ukubeletha, entry lokugcina ezenziwe ukuzalwa kwengane kanye nemingcele yayo. Isigaba sikhombisa ulwazi mayelana nokuhlolwa impilo kamama nengane. Lichaza ngokuningiliziwe izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukulungisa umntwana lithathelwe nangemuva kokuzalwa komntwana nokucubungula wayo.

9. Kwangemva Kokubeletha

Lesi sigaba siqukethe ukuqapha ebeletha amahora amabili. Hlola ithoni kwesibeletho, futhi jikelele isimo ngokwengqondo. Uma kwangemva kokubeletha abesifazane nezinkinga zempilo, salokhu silotshwe umlando. Futhi zihlanganisa idatha ukushaya kwenhliziyo nomfutho wegazi.

10. Epicrisis

lokuzalwa umlando wokubelethisa Epicrisis kuphelile. Liqukethe ulwazi mayelana usuku kanye nesikhathi kokuthola umama azalwa ngalo. Embedded isikhathi incazelo lithathelwe kanye nokuvulwa umzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ulwazi orekhodiwe ngomntwana, isikhathi kanye nosuku lokuzalwa kwakhe, kanye osenyameni evela esibhedlela. Ngenxa yesidingo kukhona ulwazi mayelana nemali enqunyiwe ukwelashwa kanye imithi kadokotela.

Kuyini kwezidingo evamile

Nombono wokuthi "sokuzalwa evamile" kuyinto impikiswano. Umuntu angeke akwazi ngu izinto ezisebenza ngendlela evamile. Futhi-ke asikwazi akhiwa ulungise nabesifazane ngaphansi nale ncazelo. Zokubeletha - inqubo obucayi, okuyinto cishe ungenakonakala izibikezelo ezinembile. ENyuvesi yase KSMU kuyinto ukusungulwa obstetrical, okuletha lokuzalwa kokuvamile. Khona-ke uphenyo olunzulu ukuqeda izingozi ezingadala ubuhlungu noma kusebenze ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Ngemva lonke uvivinyo ukuhlolwa egcwele indaba yokuzalwa zokubelethisa.

lokuzalwa Okuvamile (KSMU) aphethwe ngaphansi kokuqondisa odokotela esigabeni eliphakeme, ngubani ukuqapha ngokucophelela zonke izinguquko emzimbeni womuntu wesifazane ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Ochwepheshe uhlole kwezitho zobulili futhi urinary, kanye ukuhlola ngokunemba kumiswa yabo. Odokotela ukunquma isimo kwezitho umqondo futhi isimiso sezinzwa. A obelethayo azizwa imithwalo esindayo, ngokomzimba nje kuphela, kodwa ngokomzwelo, ngakho-ke kudingeka uhlolisise. Lokhu kusiza ukugwema nanoma yiziphi izinkinga olunye ezingalimaza umntwana nonina.

Ngokwezibalo, "ukuzalwa evamile" kungenzeka uma ziqondakala njengoba uhlolwa abezokwelapha evamile. Lokhu kusiza ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwesiguli udokotela zokuxhumana, ngayinye ngesikhathi esifanayo ukwenza konke eyayidingeka kuye. UDkt ugxile ngokugcwele kwabakhulelwe ukufakwa isithombe esiphelele isimo yayo lokuzalwa kwahamba kahle. Lo wesifazane, yena, kumele kube ngokungathandabuzi ukuze kuqaliswe ukusebenza izincomo obstetricians futhi ugxile inqubo ngokwalo.

Ezinye izibalo

Uma ubheka izibalo, iphesenti ukudiliva evamile uphansi,% 10-20 kuphela. Kumele sikhumbule ukuthi libhekisela enqubweni lapho odokotela akazange angenele. Uma emlandweni ababelethisi thola Izimo noma izifo, kudingeka ukuba angenelele zabasebenzi. Namuhla, kunamabandla izikhungo eziningi zokwelapha, okuyinto iqondiswa ngu amanyuvesi. odokotela abanolwazi oqeqeshiwe kanye nezifundiswa abasha ehilelekile yezabasebenzi nabesifazane bazame esiphezulu, ngakho konke kwahamba kahle umama nengane. Kufinyeta, singasho ukuthi abaluleke kakhulu idokhumenti omama - kungcono umlando wakhe lokuzalwa wokubelethisa.

Eutocia kungenzeka kuphela uma iqondiswa kahle nokulawula yayo njalo udokotela. Uma umphumela izibalo ngobulili, ngo-37% abesifazane abanemizimba awuzange unikeze ulwazi ngempilo yakho noma uyinike hhayi ngokuphelele, ukubeletha kanye ukuxakeka.

isiphetho

Umlando yokuzalwa zokubelethisa - lena incwadi ebalulekile okufanele agcwaliswe ukucophelela. Encike kuyo izenzakalo eminye. Lo mbhalo kuyongenwa idatha okunokwethenjelwa futhi yaqinisekiswa kuphela. Kumele kube khona zonke qotho futhi ngokucophelela, ngoba kuthinta impilo umama nengane.

iminyaka Physicians bafundziswa kutsi bangayakha njani kahle ugcwalise amadokhumenti, ikakhulukazi ezifana indaba yokuzalwa zokubelethisa. umkhuba ovamile ligcwale okukhona konke zezempilo ezifanele. Ekwenzeni ukuxilongwa, udokotela kumele linqume ke emlandweni futhi unamathisele ubufakazi lokhu, kanye ukwazisa isiguli ngazo zonke ezicashile Yiqiniso yokuthi ukhulelwe kanjani.