Umdanso "Ukukhulula kweWarsaw." AmaMpi weMpi Enkulu Yokuzizwela Ukukhululwa kwamadolobha

I-Medal "For the Liberation of Warsaw" ngumklomelo okhethekile wabahlanganyeli bemisebenzi yezempi emikhulu yasePoland nasezindaweni ezikuyo ngoJanuwari 1945. Yigqoke esifubeni ngakwesobunxele. Uma kunezinye imiklomelo ye-USSR, ifakwe ngemuva kwezindondo "Ngokukhululwa KweBelgrade".

Ukusebenza kwe-Vistula-Oder

Umsebenzi wokuxosha izingxenye zaseJalimane ezivela enhloko - dolobha yasePoland emibhalweni esemthethweni ye-USSR ibizwa ngokuthi i-Vislo-Oder. Yenziwa ngamagceke ezempi eziseBelarusian nase-Ukraine.

Ukuhlaselwa kwebutho laseSoviet kwaqala ngoJanuwari 12. Amaqembu ezempi azungeze iWarsaw ngo-14 kuJanuwari. Izihlukaniso ngaphansi komyalo we-F.I. I-Perkharovich yayizungezwe yinhloko-dolobha yasePoland evela enyakatho, futhi ibutho likaP.A. I Belova - ngakwesokunene. Emuva kwakukhona ukwehlukaniswa kwamathangi kwe- SI. Bogdanova.

Ngobusuku ngoJanuwari 17, ukuhlaselwa kwe-First Army yasePolish Army kwaqala. Wakwazi ukuwela uMfula iVistula, futhi ekuseni ukuze angene emzini (owokuqala wawuyisigameko sesisu ngaphansi komyalo kaJan Rothkiewicz). Khona amasosha aseSoviet angena enhloko-dolobha yasePoland.

Umsebenzi we-Vistula-Oder wawuyingxenye ephumelela kakhulu e-Red Army eMpini Yezwe II. Amasosha ezinsukwini ezimbalwa nje akwazi ukuhlukunyezwa kwamandla aseVerkhamat futhi akhulule iWarsaw.

Isikhungo somdanso

Imali ethi "Ukukhulula KweWarsaw" yasungulwa ngoJulayi 9, 1945. Amalungu kuphela ezimpi ezisemaphandleni asePoland nasezindaweni ezikuyo ngesikhathi esithile (Januwari 14-17, 1945) angathola lo mklomelo. Kwaze kwafika ngo-1951, indondo yadlulisela embusweni ngemuva kokufa kwesosha. Ngomhlaka-5 kuFebhuwari, kunikezwe isimemezelo esivumela ukugcinwa komklomelo kanye nesitifiketi emndenini womshonile. Ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva, abangaba ngu-710,000 abahlanganyeli empini eWarsaw ngoJanuwari 1945 banikezwa umdanso.

Ukuthuthukiswa komsebenzi wezindondo

Ngo-Ephreli 19, 1945 A. Khrulev (induna engemuva weSoviet Army) wakhipha umyalo ochaza ukuthuthukisa nokuletha imiklomelo yokukhishwa kwemibandela yokukhululwa kwamadolobha ahlala ngaphandle kwe-USSR. Mayelana nemidwebo engu-10 ithunyelwe ingxoxo. Iningi lamaphrojekthi lalinomqondo wokuhlanganisa abantu basePoland nabaseSoviet abazalwane.

I-sketch, ngesisekelo lapho umdanso othi "For the Liberation of Warsaw" wenziwe, wawungumdwebi we-Kuritsyna. Ekuqaleni, lesi sithombe sasibizwa ngokuthi "Katyusha", futhi ngemuva kwayo - amasosha amabili (isiPolish neSoviet). Nokho, kamuva indondo yaguqulwa, ishiya imibhalo kuphela.

Ukubukeka komklomelo

Ngokungafani nomklomelo kukhona imibhalo ethi "Ukukhulula" (esuka phezulu ngenhla) kanye ne "Warsaw" (ebhebheni enkabeni yomdanso). Engxenyeni engezansi yehlangothini langaphambili yinkanyezi ekhonjiwe emihlanu nemisebe. Esikhathini esingaphansi komdanso usuku lokukhululwa kwenhloko-dolobha yasePoland - "Januwari 17, 1945". Ukubhaliswa kuhlelwe emigqeni emithathu, futhi ngaphezulu kwayo inkanyezi ekhomba izinkanyezi. Isihlangu se-pentagonal sisetshenziselwa ukuqinisa. I-Ribbon yomdanso yenziwa nge-silk eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngephethini (phakathi nendawo ebomvu, futhi ezinhlangothini kukhona imigqa emincane ephuzi).

Ezinye izindondo

I-medal "For the Liberation of Warsaw" iyingxenye yochungechunge lwemiklomelo yokuxoshwa kwamabutho emisebenzi evela emadolobheni amakhulu aseYurophu naseSoviet. Bahlanganisa iPrague, iBelgrade. Uchungechunge lwemiklomelo yokuthunjwa kwemizi ebalulekile yaseYurophu nayo yasungulwa. Phakathi kwazo kukhona iBapapest, iKoenigsberg, iVienna, eBerlin. Okuthakazelisayo ngokukhethekile yizindondo ezivela ochungechungeni lokuvikela imizi yaseSoviet. Phakathi kwabo, uLeningrad, eMoscow, iSastopol no-Odessa.

Amamedi okukhululwa kwamadolobha, ukuthunjwa nokuzivikelwa kwawo kwakulingayizi ofanayo futhi kwenziwa ngezethusi. Imiklamo eminingi yale miklomelo yasungulwa ngumculi odumile A.I. Kuznetsov.

Okulandelayo, sizocubungula izindondo ngabanye kusuka ezihlokweni ezintathu.

Umklomelo wenkululeko kusukela ezingxenyeni zaseJalimane zasePrague

I-medal "For the Liberation of Prague" yasungulwa izinyanga ezimbili ngemuva kokuphela kwempi eCzechoslovakia.

Impi ePrague yinto yokugcina ye-Red Army ukuxosha amaJalimane okuqashwa kwamanye amazwe avela enhlokodolobha yaseYurophu. Ngo-Meyi 5, ukuvuswa kwabahlali bendawo kwaqala edolobheni. Ngenxa yokulwa ngoMeyi 5-7, iRussia Liberation Army (iVlasovtsi) yakwazi ukukhulula isifunda esentshonalanga ePrague. Ngo-Meyi 9, imishini yokuqala yezempi yaseSoviet yabonakala edolobheni, okwaholela ekushayeleni izinyathelo zaseJalimane. Ngosuku olufanayo kusihlwa, iPrague yakhululeka ngokuphelele. Ukuqhutshwa kokugcina kwenzeka ngo-12 Meyi.

Ngo-Ephreli 19, uKhrulev wanikeza umyalo wokuthuthukisa umvuzo wenkululeko yedolobha. Imiklamo engaba ngu-120 ithunyelwe ukucutshungulwa. Njengoba umdwebo wale medali uthathwe ukudweba Kuznetsova no-Skorzhinskaya.

Ngokuvamile, lo mklomelo wathola amasosha angaba ngu-400 000 abambe iqhaza emisebenzini yempi ePergue nasezindaweni ezungeze ePrague, kanye nabahleli bezempi.

Ukubonakala komdanso

Umdanso "Wokukhululwa KwePrague" ufana neminye imiklomelo evela kulolu chungechunge. Okuphambene naso kukhona imibhalo emibili: "Ukukhulula" - endimeni engezansi, nangaphansi ngezansi - "Prague". Ngaphansi komdanso wenkanyezi elinezinhlanu ezinhlanu nezinhlamvu ezimbili zama-laurel ezinhlangothini zombili, kanye nemisebe ekhomba phezulu. Ngokwehla - usuku lokukhululwa kwenhloko-dolobha yaseCzechoslovakia, elinezinhlu ezintathu.

Umklomelo wokukhululwa kweBudapest ezigumbini zaseJalimane

Umdanso othi "Ukuthunjwa kukaBudapest" wanikezwa abahlanganyeli bokuqhuma komuzi. Umklomelo wasungulwa ngoJulayi 9, 1945. Umdanso wokukhululwa kukaBudapest emasosha kaHitler uboshwe esifubeni ngakwesobunxele.

Amandla amabutho amabili e-Ukraine azungezwe ngoDisemba 20, 1944 ngxenye yaseJalimane yebutho elithi "South" neqembu "F" eBudapest. Ezinsukwini ezingu-9 umyalo waseSoviet wathumela isitha kwisitha ngokuzinikela. Nokho, izimoto ezithwala izidingo zadutshulwa. Ngemva kwalokho, i-Red Army yaqala ukuhlasela eBudapest. Impi yayisinde, izikhathi eziningana izingxenye zaseJalimane zenza ukuhlaselwa okuphumelelayo. NgoJanuwari 18, inxenye yasempumalanga yeBudapest yathathwa, futhi ngoFebruwari 13 - ingxenye engasentshonalanga.

Umdanso wokukhululwa kukaBudapest kusukela emabutho aseJalimane unomklamo ofanayo kanye neminye imiklomelo evela kulolu chungechunge oluthi "Ukuthunjwa." Njengomdwebo, iphrojekthi yeVuznetsov ithathwe. Ukuhlukumeza kwezindondo phakathi nendawo kuqukethe umbhalo othi "Ukuthunjwa kweBudapest", futhi ngaphansi kwawo kukhona amagatsha amabili e-laurel, enkabeni yawo eyisilo nesando.

Umklomelo wokuvikela idolobha laseSevastopol

Umdanso "Ukuzivikela kweSevastopol" wanikezwa abazivikeli beqhawe belidolobha.
Ekuqaleni kuka-1941, izingxenye zaseJalimane zaza eCrimea. Ukuhlaselwa kokuqala kuSevastopol kwaqala ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba 1941. Ekuqaleni kukaNovemba, amabutho aseJalimane ayevimbe umuzi ezweni. Ukuzivikela kwahlala izinsuku ezingu-250, ngemuva kwalokho ukuhlaselwa kwezingxenye zikaHitler kwaphoqeleka ukuzinikela.

Ngenyanga kaDisemba, ngokuya kwe-People's Commissar of Defense ye-USSR, kwadalwa indondo. Abantu abangaphezu kuka-52 000 banikezwa inkululeko yeSevastopol nokuzivikela kwayo.

Umdwebo womdanso wenzelwe uMoskaliev. Ngaphandle kokukhipha umklomelo kukhishwe amabhasi abantu ababili - isosha nomkhumbi, ngasemaphethelweni obhalisiwe "Ukuzivikela kweSevastopol." Ukuguqulwa komdanso kunamagama athi "Nge-Motherland yaseSoviet".