Ukuwa umbuso noKarla Velikogo: usuku. Ukuwa umbuso noKarla Velikogo: Imithelela

Ukuvela nokudilizwa kwemizi umbuso noKarla Velikogo - isenzakalo esibalulekile emlandweni ngenkathi ephakathi eYurophu. Enkabeni yalo, ngemva kokuwa koMbuso WamaRoma, kwaba umzamo wokuqala ukuba izizwe ezahlukene hlanganani kwesinye isifundazwe enkulu. I Carolingians babe inqubomgomo Lubanzi okuhloswe ngaso bayawuqhwaga ezindaweni ngakwesokunxele ngemva kokubusa kwamaRoma. Lord of the Franks Charles ngangokunokwenzeka wandisa imingcele yezwe lakhe, okuyinto mlando baye banikezwa igama - umbuso kukaCharlemagne.

ukuvela

Ukwanda nokubuna yezwe enkulu ayikwazi wafunda ngaphandle ulwazi olungenaphutha ngemithi esiqalweni. Okudingekayo ukuze ukuvela wonke uMbuso Frankish kwavela eminyaka 4-7. Lesi sikhathi ngeke yehle emlandweni ngokuthi "inkathi yokubusa kwamakhosi oyivila" '- amandla angempela kwakungekaNkulunkulu imeya esigodlweni - ababusi bendawo. Ukudalwa nokwahlukana umbuso uCharlemagne sika bawela 7-9 leminyaka. Imeya ngonyaka 637 lwesigodlo Austrasia Pepin Geristalsky, eyaziwa ngokuthi Pepin le emfushane, waba umbusi wawo umbuso Franks, esihlanganisa eziningana izizwe zamaJalimane. Inzala Pepin baqhubeka nomsebenzi kayisemkhulu. I ovelele kakhulu zalezi kwaba Karl Martell , wethiwa Hammer. Ngokusho yetinsita zempi ashisayo wasebenzisa izikhali zempi wawoyise - the Mace, lesi sijame njengebhoksi isando omkhulu. Swayipha kunqoba futhi ithalente amakhulu kwezombusazwe kwaletha Karl udumo namandla. Kwaba ngaphansi kwesandla sakhe, izwe waba franc umbuso.

izimbali

Ukudalwa nokwahlukana umbuso uCharlemagne yawa ekupheleni nenkulungwane yokuqala yeminyaka. Ikakhulukazi oluvelele yaba iminyaka wokubusa noKarla Martella. Ngaphansi kwakhe isimo enwetshiwe kusukela Carolingian Frisia ku eNorth Sea aya ezweni amaLombard ku mpumalanga i-Adriatic. Ogwini olusentshonalanga yezwe is wageza Atlantic, futhi eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Martel kuye kwathonya kakhulu yeNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia. Engalinika inkosi, kanye yisonto - Esehlale izinyanga eziningana eRoma ngonyaka 800, sihlola izindawo okwakubulawelwa kuzo Ukungqubuzana phakathi kukahulumeni opapa futhi neziphathimandla zendawo. Ngalesi UPapa Leo mina sezizonke kuye umbusi. Phakathi isihloko lombusi wenza izitha ezintsha lapho sibhekene glider WaseByzantium, okuyinto, ekugcineni, kwadingeka ukuba babekezelele ukhona uCarl Empire yakhe.

Ngemva kokufa Martel wonke amandla kuleli zwe wanikezwa indlalifa yayo ngqo - Louis the abangcwele. Kodwa abanye ababusi akazange avumelane isiphetho bamazwe yezwe abangu uthuthuva ukunganeliseki nasezinxushunxushwini.

Ukuwa umbuso noKarla Velikogo

Izwe lo muntu omkhulu awuzange emiselwe impilo ende. Ngemva kokufa Charles waqala ukushabalala kancane kancane kuleli zwe, ekuqaleni lapho kwandulelwe ukugunyazwa okwenziwe umuntu nosuku kuphela. Ukuwa umbuso noKarla Velikogo zaba iminyaka 843. Yingaleso sikhathi lapho kwaba khona ngokuhlukana esisemthethweni amandla. Ukwahlukana kwandulelwe umbango eside phakathi inzalo ka noKarla Martella. Ngo 843, edolobheni Verdun sasayinwa isivumelwano umbuso Franks waba yizinqamu ezintathu ngaphansi kwazo. Land entshonalanga Yurophu, iningi okuyinto amanga endaweni yaseFrance yesimanje, waya emingceleni Carl sika empumalanga, okuzokwenza ngendlu eJalimane yesimanje, waya Louis. Centre kanye emazweni Italy kanye Lorraine waya Elisabeth, naye waya Umbusi kanye Franks isihloko.

Ezenye zeminyaka 843

ISivumelwano Verdun baba ngakho phesheya, kulandele ngokuwa umbuso noKarla Velikogo kwaba a fait accompli. Ukuba khona ezweni omkhulu ukuba ngeke sisaba nempumelelo - ayinamandla kuhulumeni bekulokhu izifiso omkhulu kakhulu zababusi wendawo. Izingxabano - lohlupho amandla medieval - benza okunye. umbuso uCharlemagne sika lahlukaniswa laba izifunda eziningi ezincane, ababe abangane noma abaxabene, kodwa nethonya juqu ngenqubomgomo eNtshonalanga Yurophu azange abe. Ngokuxabana izibhelu abanekhono lokusebenzisa Wopapa, ngubani, ezicashe lokulwa izihlubuki, anqoba ngaphezulu kanye nezwe. Ithonya lopapa, asibekele engu- nengcebo kancane kancane kwaqinisa - hhayi wokuziphilisa manje, negunya isonto waqala ukubusa e-Europe. Kwathatha kusasele amakhulu eminyaka ukuba France yaphinde yaba umbuso owodwa, kodwa eJalimane nase-Italy, inqubo umhlaba ukuhlanganisa yaqedwa kuphela ekhulwini 18-19.