Ataman Bulavin Kondraty Afanasievich: Biography

Bulavin Kondraty Afanasievich wayeyisikhulu Cossack. Wehlela emlandweni njengoba umholi we Don kuvukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-18. Lo mcimbi kufanele sithathwe njengehlelo omunye ukusebenza we Cossacks ngokumelene kumgomo kahulumeni wokuthi yinye wombuso kanye ukwephulwa oda zabo zendabuko.

INGEMUVA uthuli

Bulavin Kondraty Afanasievich wazalwa ngo 1660 emndenini emzaneni Village Ataman Trahizbenka. Wayefanele amakhono ezempi, kusukela iqhaza emkhankasweni ngokumelene AmaTatar, kanye emkhankasweni Azov. Ezisheshayo umbandela kuvukela elaba isikhungo kuvinjelwe kukhiqizwe Cossacks ngumnikazi usawoti. Kanye imfuneko ukuze ibanike abalimi runaway. Ngesilinganiso esidala kwakuhloselwe ukubenza bathenge usawoti wombuso. Ukuze wenze lokhu, babenqatshelwe babe saltworks yabo. Lokhu kwabangela ukunganeliseki nentukuthelo. Njengoba izakhamuzi emzaneni ngokwesiko wenzé usawoti zabo.

Ngokuqondene ukubhida yesibili, ukuthi injongo yalesi siqondiso kuthinte kakhulu ukuba kube khona izisekelo okuthiwa "abakhululekileyo nabayizigqila Cossack". essence yayo kwaba ukuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke umuntu othathe ekusithekeni Cossacks, kuyinto sacrosanct. Nokho, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi lezi oda Kwakuseshwa ngokuhambisana inqubomgomo yinye ngesikhathi sokubusa kuka-Peter I. inkosi yafuna kucabangela isikhungo amandla endaweni esemajukujukwini wafaka ngaphansi kokulawula uhulumeni.

Isigaba sokuqala

Ngemva kokukhululwa kwe-oda ngenhla Bulavin Kondraty Afanasievich bahlangana ihlukane elincane Cossacks. Futhi 1707 ehlasela Izyumsky butho wathatha saltworks Cossack. Ukuhlasela Isimanga kube yimpumelelo. Ngemva kwalokho, lezi zihlubuki wawashaya Yuri Dolgoruky. iyunithi yakhe yacekeleka phansi ngokuphelele, futhi isikhulu wafa. Lezi zenzakalo kwaphawula ukuqala enye yezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu imiboniso ethandwa khulu leminyaka. Imingcele yokuhlubuka enwetshiwe ngenxa ezindaweni eziphansi we Don, okwabangela okukhulu kuHulumeni.

Peter Kwadingeka Lesi yisizathu esinamandla nakakhulu ukhathazeke zindaba, ngoba kulezi iminyaka ezweni lethu kuye kwaholela empini okukhulu Sweden. Lo mbhikisho kuleli zwe engozini yokuthola izifo. Endaweni yokuhlubuka wathunyelwa lamabutho 20000th iphansi kwesandla sika-Dolgoruky, owayeyizibulo umfowabo isikhulu wabulawa. Khona-ke Bulavin Kondraty Afanasievich kanye nabasekeli bakhe lihambe liye elizweni Ukraine. Ukuqala ebusika sekubangele ukusikhohlisa emfushane.

umlenze wesibili

Entwasahlobo ka-1708, ukuvukelwa Kwagqashuka ngomfutho ovuselelwe. Ataman wenza ukubheja phezu Cossacks, Kalmyks. Izinhlu zamaphayona amabutho akhe kancane kancane agcwaliswa abalimi abampofu. Riot Kwangithatha isikhathi impela okwandile kubangelwe yokuthi lo nyaka bekugcwele siyisinqumo esinzima kunazo zonke empini. Futhi izidingo lamasosha zidinga imali entsha, ukuheha, okwaholela phansi omkhulu abantukazana. Ngakho, entwasahlobo entsha zabhikisha kwashesha. Ngakho-ke, lasakazekela izifunda angomakhelwane kanye nezindawo.

Bulavin Kondraty Afanasyevitch biography okuyinto wehla emlandweni kuphela ngenxa ephakanyiswe, uhlelekile futhi ephethwe ukuvukela kwabo, wafuna ukudala inkomba iphuzu, okuyinto yayiyoba lamabutho main amavukelambuso. Ngenxa yale njongo wakhetha emzini Cherkassk. Kube wahlangana ukumelana anenkani, isikhulu ihlelwe ngobuciko L. Maximov. Kugcine ngenkani wamelana amavukelambuso. Nokho, ekhashelwa, ethunjwa izakhamuzi zendawo ngabadala, amnika izihlubuki. Wayala ekukhishweni ke, kanye nabalandeli.

Impumelelo kwavukelwa

Omunye wabaholi ovelele nokuvukela kwaba Bulavin Kondraty Afanasievich. Biography of Ataman ezithakazelisayo. Kubonisa ukuthi labantu emizaneni Cossack baba Kugcwele inhliziyo eyisihlubuki. Ngokushesha lokhu kubhikisha lasakazekela endaweni enkulu, esakaza eziningana izifunda eseningizimu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhulu wayethemba ukudala into efana umfelandawonye Cossack ababehlose ukuheha kwezakhi ezehlukene zomphakathi wendawo.

Wakwazi limethembe ngesikhathi abalandeli bakhe, okwathi ngemva kokuthatha edolobheni ngakumemezela umholi wakhe lixuku. Okwesikhashana esithile uhlobo uphawu wokunganeliseki phezu kwezwe Don baba nje Bulavin Kondraty Afanasievich. Lo mbhikisho, okuyinto wacosha, wathatha shanela ububanzi. Nokho, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi waqale wazama ukunikeza abanye usesimweni ukuhlubuka kwabantu atikaneliseki eyonakele neziphathimandla zendawo. Futhi yingakho avukela. Emhlabeni moya ebhala emagunyeni, ethi ukusebenza kohlelo Cossacks kodwa kwanhlanga nokuguqulwa.

amaqhinga

Bulavin Kondraty Afanasyevitch isithombe othulwe kule iphepha, isungule ayo amaqhinga zempi. Kwakuwusuku swiftness nokumangala ukuhlaselwa. Isisekelo inhlangano kwezinhloko zamaviyo Cossack sathathwa. Amayunithi backbone babe dragoons, Cossacks, zeqe bempi. Abalimi babefundiswa amakhono elula zempi. Abavukeli bakwazi ukulondoloza okuvinjezelwa, ukuthatha inqaba, empini bona zambozwa ezinqoleni. Ezigabeni kokuqala lelisu aba nempumelelo abanye futhi uye wabavumela ukuba sifinyelele uchungechunge ngokunqoba ngokumelene namasosha kahulumeni.

Isigaba sesithathu

Bulavin Kondraty Afanasyevitch kafushane mayelana abakuphila kwabo utshele kule ncwadi kulindeleke ukuba bandise ukuvukela ethandwa. Futhi ngokwengxenye kuphumelele ngosizo nabasekeli bakhe, ngubani amatasa edonsa abalimi ohlangothini lwabo. Ataman naye wabhala okubizwa ngokuthi izincwadi 'yinhle', okuyinto bayengelwa ukuba amabutho akhe we abalimi kanye Cossacks. Ngokuthakazelisayo, lapho waqalisela kabi neziphathimandla zendawo, futhi wanxusa ukumelela uyinkosi yeqiniso. Lezi iziqubulo babe ngokuphelele emoyeni olwathatha ethandwa. Mayelana Pugachev efanayo kamuva wabhala ezincwadini zakhe ngabe kuya kubantu abavamile.

Kondraty Afanasievich Bulavin kwadingeka ezinye abasekeli amaningi asebenzayo, abakwazi eyolanda nezinye izindawo. Uzakwabo I. Nekrasov at iVolga kwaqubula Kugcwele entsha wokuhlubuka. Kodwa lezi zihlubuki ezibaluleke kakhulu wanika ukuthunjwa Azov. Kodwa engingayisho yokuntuleka eyanele isipiliyoni lempi. Ezihlubukini ngaphandle kokuba zezikhulu zayo le Gunners zehlulekile ukuthatha nqaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, baba ngaphansi umlilo kusukela phansi kanye wezikhali asolwandle. Into kuphela banayo - ukuthatha Emaphethelweni eliqaphile.

Ukugcwaliswa kwavukelwa

Ataman Kondrat Bulavin uhlaselwe abalandeli abo ehlobo lika-1708. Banquma lona emagunyeni. Nokho, ngesikhathi firefight eyalandela, wayesefa. Kukhona umbono ukuthi isikhulu, hhayi ukukwazi ukuhamba, kwadingeka wazibulala. Nokho, eyabonisa yokuthi ngisho nangemva kokufa kwakhe akazange ayeke kuvukela. Kunalokho, wathi Nekrasov wazama zibuswe ubuholi ehlakazekile amaviyo alo Ngenxa yokuthi umholi wawo. On the Don ihlala ukuvukela eholwa N. Naked. On the iVolga isinyathelo izikhulu eziningana. Nokho, ngenxa yokuthi baye united hhayi ukuvukela kumisiwe. Amabutho asele zishiywe Kuban esifundeni.

kokuhlaziywa

ESoviet isayensi zomlando ngempela sima siqine inkolelo ukuthi lokhu kubhikisha eholwa K. Bulavin kwaba ukusebenza antifeudal kwabo ngokumelene lesigaba esibusayo. Lokhu incazelo izenzakalo ezihlobene imfundiso kaMarx, owawuthi izenzo ahlomile lolu hlobo zaziwukubonakaliswa ukuphikisana futhi bengathandwa phakathi nokuxhaphaza kanye amakilasi esizakala ngawo. Nokho, historiography yesimanje ke bazitshela ukuthi lokhu kuhlubuka kwaba ukusebenza wendawo wesifunda Cossacks ababekwa awanelisekile nemizamo kahulumeni ukuphazamisa oda zabo zendabuko. Ngokwesibonelo, isazi-mlando esaziwayo Pavlenko.

Futhi ngempela, kunzima ukusho ukuthi lokhu kwaba ukuvukela abantu futhi isenzo mass. Njengoba izinga kwavukelwa kwaba nokho kungabi njengokuba ububanzi njengoba kuqhathaniswa, isibonelo, Pugachevsky ukusebenza. Nokho, ukuhlubuka kwase wehlela emlandweni njengoba omunye wabaholi evelele kunazo zonke kubhekwe Bulavin Kondraty Afanasievich. Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo kuye aziziningi kangako. Ngaphezu kwalezi, usengakwazi ukushayela ke ukuthi isikhumbuzo emzini Bahmut.