Ukusekela ukulwa imoto "Terminator." BMPT "Terminator": incazelo,

Ngeshwa, kule minyaka engu-20 edlule, amabutho ethu armored ngokuphindaphindiwe asetshenziswe ezimweni ngeshwa kakhulu ngabo, kungani emathangini avuzayo ethwele ukulahlekelwa esindayo e imishini kanye nabasebenzi. Ngezindlela eziningi kuhlobene iqiniso lokuthi MBT wasebenzisa ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, ngaphandle ikhava eyanelisayo amaqembu abo elihamba phansi. Ngomqondo onabile, konke lokhu ukucabanga namanje abaklami Soviet, umshini isisunguliwe kamuva wathola isidlaliso wokugaklazeka "The Terminator." BMPT, okungukuthi ukulwa ithangi imoto ukwesekwa, Kwakumelwe ngihambisane amayunithi armored enikeziwe bula emadolobheni nokucindezela izenzo isitha amabhomu kanye abaqhubi missile izakhiwo, ngokuba ngekubambisana ne-amasosha akuleli unyawo.

Kufanele ukuthi ekusungulweni kobuchwepheshe bokuthuthukisa kangaka iye umkhankaso e-USSR, ngisho phakathi nomkhankaso Afghan. Khona-ke siye lena eyenzeka lapho izici ezingajabulisi zokuya yasekhaya BMP-1/2, okulula kakhulu ukuze sivuselelane ngisho kusukela ezinkulu-osezingeni izibhamu, kodwa kwadingeka ukuba enze kuleli "ithangi" izimo okuyiwona, ngemcondvo, lezi zembatho zempi lwenzelwe (ngisho kancane). Imodeli lokuqala BMPT "Terminator" (imishini isithombe ozibona sihloko) ngokuthi "Viper", kodwa ngemva kokuwa wase-USSR okwakungahambi ngokuvumelana naloko kuzinikezela.

ulwazi oluyisisekelo

Okwenzeka Eminyakeni yamuva (ikakhulukazi izenzo Amerika Iraq) ubonisa ukuthi nemizana kahle elihamba lokulwa izimoto kanye nabasebenzi armored abathwali empini yabo ukusebenza neze kunabayeni, futhi ngezinye izikhathi bebakhulu amathangi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izikhali zabo zingcono kakhulu kuhambisana ukukhomba futhi uqede isitha, ayehlome esindayo antitank izikhali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuhlangenwe nakho okubonisa ukuthi ukuba likhanyise izimoto armored ujenga isitha akuvamile isebenzisa ezibizayo anti-tank izinhlelo, wathi uzosebenzisa esindayo izibhamu. Kulokhu, amatilosi we-BMP efanayo kaningi uyasinda futhi imishini elikulesi sihloko kuthola decover umlilo futhi abhubhise isitha.

Kuze kube yimanje, NATO amabutho bakhetha ukusebenzisa esindayo elihamba lokulwa izimoto, futhi ezweni lethu le njongo, umshini ekhethekile lamiswa kudala, "I-Terminator". BMPT lokhu kuvumela ukuba baxazulule ezahlukene combat ohambweni.

Kuyini lokhu?

Ngokokuqala ngqá leli su "Rosoboronexport" uye wabonisa embukisweni international emuva ngo-2011, kodwa-ke sekutholakele ngisemncane kakhulu. Lo mshini, okuyinto has a isethi egcwele izikhali ukuze bazivikele anti-tank izikhali, kanye nokuba enamandla "Yokucwaninga" uhlelo lenziwe ngendlela yokuba libone, ababhubhise ingabonakali izisebenzi isitha. Inqubo efanayo ingasetshenziswa ukubhubhisa Okuqondiwe ongaphakeme-flying, kuhlanganise ukulwa kanye ezokuthutha ezinophephela emhlane, futhi drones. Ngenxa yalokho imoto ithole "phesheya" Isidlaliso "The Terminator"? BMPT ayinakho analogue emhlabeni lokhu ngempela, kodwa ngoba ngakaho awakholelwa ngu abezindaba Western, ekuthandeni Russian izici izindaba.

Asho?

BMPT senzelwe ukusebenza njengengxenye amayunithi elihamba ngomshini, armored futhi elihamba phansi. Kodwa umsebenzi walo main - ukuhlonza kanye nokucindezela izingalo isitha, azisa usongo ngqo mathangi. Main machine gun - 10-mm isibhamu 2A70 OPU, ukuze ehambisana i izinhlamvu umxhwele - kuyivumela ukucindezela ngempumelelo ilitshe ezinhlobo ezehlukene kude amamitha angu abe yizinkulungwane ezinhlanu, kanye mpi alinganayo, ngisho ngezikhali zempi esindayo lesitha.

Ngakho, ngo-amabanga kuze kube 2500 amamitha BMPT bangalwa ngempumelelo ngisho ngezinqola zempi. Ikhwele umbhoshongo 40-mm amabhomu Sokuqalisa ikuvumela ukuba abhubhise izisebenzi isitha at ibanga amakhilomitha emibili. Lezi izikhali sibonisa kusakhiwo BMPT "Terminator." Model ( "Inkanyezi" umdlalo we-TV off kwelinye izinhlelo) ikuvumela ukuba ngeso lengqondo futhi uqinisekise nengqondo amandla izikhali ejwayelekile.

Uma kukhona isidingo ukunqoba isitha zempi eziyingozi empilweni ngesikhathi ibanga amakhilomitha amahlanu, missile wasebenzisa "Arkan", by insimbi eyisisekelo umkhankaso. Ngenjongo efanayo ibhodi igibele ATGM "Kornet" imicibisholo okuyizinto iziqukathi nge isivikelo zezibhamu eziyingozi. Kuzo zombili lezi zimo, kungenzeka ukunqoba ngempumelelo hhayi kuphela amathangi, kodwa futhi izindiza ezinophephela emhlane isitha at ibanga afika kwamane amakhilomitha (sicabangela ezinyakazayo zabo endleleni enalokho kuthambekela).

Izici imoto entsha

On ukuhlolwa isimo esikalini kungenzeka ukunqotshwa Manpower lesitha ngokusebenzisa zonke izinhlelo izikhali. Kakade sibonelo lokuqala BMPT "Terminator" khona-ke wakwazi wonke umuntu umxhwele. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa othile ayemahle kakhulu. Kubangelwe yini kangaka amandla izibhamu, eziningi zanamuhla imishini ukubhekwa eziyinkimbinkimbi, okuyinto kuze kube yilesi sikhathi kuphela efakwe amathangi bamuva ezifuywayo (bese kuphela version ukuthekelisa). ububanzi Okugcwele izikhali ivumela labadubuli kanyekanye ezinhlosweni ezintathu.

Ngakho, usesimweni ukulwa, sesisebenza ngamunye ongenza umsebenzi wabo. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngisho i-prototype BMPT "Terminator" (6 izinga lokuvikeleka zempi, ngasendleleni), wabonisa ngezinga eliphezulu kakhulu ukulwa ukusebenza, lapho musa njalo ubambe ngisho amathangi izibalo.

Ukukhathazeka ngenxa yokuphila crew

Ikakhulukazi kulo mshini ivelele ngenxa ukukhathazeka kwandisa ukuphepha crew. Usayizi elincane nabancane umcabango coloration ukunikeza ukubonakala kwaso enkundleni yempi. BMPT "Terminator", okuyinto has a isithombe esihlokweni, ifakwe esakhelwe Ukuvikelwa ashukumisayo, okuyinto izikhathi eziningana kwandisa amathuba okusinda izisebenzi ngesikhathi amabhomu izinhlamvu ezuziwe. Kukhona uhlelo esebenzayo ukubeka intuthu zesikrini. Nge ukusebenzisa kwayo inqubo kungenziwa ukucasha hhayi kuphela kusukela ukuthola okubonakalayo isitha ezimweni ukulwa, kodwa futhi kakhulu ukunciphisa amathuba kokubhujiswa kwalo ezicitshwayo esisebenzayo homing izinhlelo. Kukhona nethuba wenza umcimbi i wezikhali izinhlelo laser isiqondiso izinhlelo aim.

imishini kwelivi Igibelile embozwe ngokugcwele izikrini yokuvikela ashukumisayo. Lihambisana izikrini latticed akude, okuyinto zenzelwe ngesikhathi Research Institute Steel, asikwenzi survivability esiphezulu BMPT "Terminator." Iqembu lesizwe imodeli walo mshini, okuyinto kuye kwabonisa ngokuphindaphindiwe kuyi-TV, uvumela ukulinganisa incwadi umzimba.

Yonke uphethiloli supply iyatholakala endaweni linezingxenye qualitatively armored ngaphakathi izindlu. Thanda ebhodini, kwelivi engemuva yomkhumbi ivaliwe ngokuphelele izikrini latticed. Ngisho ne zempi Ukungena Amathuba ukushaya nezisebenzi zawo izingcezwana kuyehla kube sezingeni eliphansi, ngoba wawuqeda wonke lo mqulu yangaphakathi kwelinye lamagumbi lixuku uphahlwe ekhethekile Indwangu izikrini ukuthi avikele abantu esibelethweni BMPT. "Terminator" imidwebo (jikelele), okuyinto ngezinye izikhathi kubonakala abezindaba, kubonisa ukuthi izinga sokusinda amadoda kule moto ngokuqinisekile alikho leliphasi kunaleyo ethangini yesimanje.

Mobility kanye maneuverability

Naphezu isisindo salo ephoqelela kanye nencwadi, umshini inekhono kakhulu ehlanganisa nokuya nomaphi. Lokhu yenziwe yaba khona obandayo ngcono kakhulu udizili, ephethe namandla 1000 amalitha. a. Kube turbocharging, Ukupholisa - ketshezi, egijima gear kanye ukudluliswa - le, onobuhle eside ziphumelela ubudala loniketa olubushelelezi enkulu. Uma ubheka kusakhiwo BMPT "Terminator" (Model 1:35), kuba sobala ukuthi ukudluliswa ethathwa umndeni amathangi T-72/90 kuyinto injalo ingashintshile.

Omunye izici eziyinhloko umshini entsha modularity yayo. Ngenxa yalokhu ukulwa amayunithi kungenziwa ogibele cishe zonke izinhlobo ukukhiqizwa ithangi chassis eU.SSR Russia. Umenzi uthi ukuthi kungabuye bagqoka kuqhathaniswa ukukhanya elihamba lokulwa izimoto ngisho ephansi tonnage ulwandle izikebhe. Nokho, kungenzeka ukhonkolo ukusebenzisa umshini kanye ukuhlela kabusha yayo ingaveza isikhathi kuphela.

Kunoma ikuphi, njengamanje idatha etholakalayo zisikisela ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okukhulu lobu buchwepheshe baba amasosha zizonciphisa ukulahlekelwa, ukwandisa lobubhalo kanye nekulwa ukusebenza zezigaba elihamba namabutho zempi. Enye ethembisa entsha "Terminator". BMPT-72, ukuba ngqo.

BMPT-72

Njengoba ungase ukuqagela sihloko, umehluko oyinhloko kusukela imodeli yangaphambilini uhlobo esetshenziswa chassis. Kuyinto kungalungile ukusho ukuthi ngisho imodeli kuqala BMPT "Terminator" futhi ngaphandle ukuthi wadalwa ngesisekelo amathangi eziphambili zobuchwepheshe ne-T-72, kodwa ngaleso sikhathi namanje wanquma ukusebenzisa isigwebo okuthuthukile T-90. Abadali kukhona emuva inguqulo yasekuqaleni: ukulungiswa T-72 esitokisini ngaphambili eziningi, kodwa hhayi okungenani, uma kunesidingo kule "Terminator" ekukhiqizweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubudala T-72 ayehlome ngezibhamu eziningi zithi kungenzeka ukuyithenga BMPT "Terminator." Izithombe yaleli su, ezivela njalo komagazini abezindaba Western, ngokungaqondile uqinisekise leli qiniso.

Izimpawu isizukulwane sesibili

Umenzi uthi nenqwaba isizukulwane imishini yesibili amathani 44. Kuye ukuguqulwa ethize ethangini, esetshenziselwa ukuguqulwa, amandla isethi injini zokhahlamba kusuka 800 1000 amalitha. a. I ngesivinini esiphezulu emgwaqeni omkhulu - 60 km / h endaweni emangelengele - phakathi 35-43 km / h. Ngesinye ukugcwaliswa umshini angaya up kuya ku-km 700.

Ngokuphambene, i-BMP-2 kanye BMP-3 ngisho ukuthi, ephikisana nemfundiso bezempi basebenzisa ezweni lethu, kumane engenangqondo ukusebenzisa eceleni amathangi, BMPT kungenzeka kusetshenziswe ngaphambili Echelon. Kulokhu, bazokujabulela hhayi kuphela emathangini avuzayo kodwa futhi unikeze izitsha: Eqinisweni, egijima "Terminator" akuhlukile T-72, ukuze udaba izingxenye ezisele asivelanga.

Omunye kungaba ngokushesha uqaphela ukuthi BMPT ( "Terminator" is imidwebo waqinisekisa) kakhulu nzima elithi "ubumsulwa" T-72 chungechunge ekuseni. Lokhu kungenxa ukufakwa ukulwa amayunithi ezintsha, futhi izinhlelo zokuphepha. Emabunzini ohlangothini amapuleti zivaliwe Ukuvikelwa ashukumisayo. I gumbi injini okwengeziwe ifakwe Amabha ukuthi ukuvimbela umonakalo amabhomu ezuziwe. Ekugcineni, ukuze zithiye ukusetshenziswa ATRA kuthiwa wenza umcimbi izinhlelo, futhi izigqulo yentuthu amabhomu ukukhululwa.

Yokuncishiswa bese Standardization zokukhiqiza

Kusukela ukukhiqizwa imoto entsha iye kakhulu lula, lo imodeli has a umehluko sasivumela lubonakale kusuka enguqulweni yangaphambilini. Amatilosi kuhlanganisa abantu abathathu kuphela: abasebenzi ababili amabhomu ukugeza izikhali zabo, kusale umshayeli, induna umdubuli kambayimbayi. Lezi zinyathelo kwasiza kakhulu lula ukuguqulwa amathangi ubudala nevolumu ukuhlela zabronevogo uhlala cishe enjalo. Ekugcineni, abekho abantu ababili ngeke kakhulu lula kokubili ukuqeqeshwa izisebenzi futhi ukulwa Ukusetshenziswa kwemishini.

Zingakuqeda yini ukuhlonyiswa ngezikhali ukuguqulwa yesibili

Njengasendabeni yabase langaphambilini, uhla eligcwele izikhali ogibele umbhoshongo. Ngokuvamile, yena BMPT "Terminator", ukwakhiwa kwezikhali okuyinto kudalulwe esihlokweni, it is ihlanganiswe ngokugcwele ku phezulu esezingeni T-72, ngaphandle kokudinga yimuphi ushintsho emzimbeni. Cishe bonke imishini nezikhali lo turret kuyinto isifaniselo ezifanayo ngokuphelele we "Terminator" kuqala. Kodwa kukhona ezinye imininingwane yezobuchwepheshe ukuthi kakhulu ngcono ukuphepha kanye ukulwa survivability umshini. Ikakhulukazi lubonakale izinga ncwadi inhlamvu kunoma zonke izinhlawulo izakhi wenza mayelana nezembatho zempi.

The main trump ikhadi - amabili angu-30 mm 2A42 isibhamu ukuthi thembeke embozwe bezinhlamvu zempi. Ammo yabo Imininingwane - 850 projectiles. Gun "omnivorous" abelokubulala angasebenzisa noma amagobolondo 30-mm production ezifuywayo. Labadubuli kungenziwa izindlela ezimbili: kokudubula izinga lapho insimbi ngomzuzu kwenza isibhamu kuka-500 futhi kancane lapho izinga ingeqi 200-300 imizuliswano ngomzuzu. Ngqo ngaphezu kwaqhuma elise PKTM isibhamu, izinhlamvu okuyinto 2.100 nezinhlamvu. Ngo ezisemadolobheni ukulwa imvelo, kuyasiza kakhulu ukunikeza ukuphepha ethuthukisiwe BMPT-72 "Terminator".

Okunye ukuthuthuka

Imodeli lokuqala kwaba eningi izimangalo, ngokuyisisekelo okwakubekelwa kabi evikelwe ATRA. Ngalesi sikhathi antitank elawulwa kusho afakwe housings ezimbili kahle armored ngaphakathi okungaba 9M120-1 noma 9M120-1F / 4 ezicitshwayo. Abakwazi ngempumelelo ukubhubhisa zempi esindayo lesitha at ibanga amakhilomitha ayisithupha. Control System - B07S1. Umsebenzi wakhe is kahle wamboza isethulo BMPT "Terminator" kusukela "Izinkanyezi".

Kukhona amasayithi for the umdubuli kambayimbayi futhi induna imoto ukulwa, ohlelweni sextant sihlanganisa laser rangefinders. Ukuze kube lula zokukhomba futhi ukuthuthukisa ukulwa ukuphumelela umgqomo isimame futhi high ikhompyutha ballistic. Umkhuzi umshini Ungasebenzisa isibhamu usebenzisa imaging ezishisayo noma isiteshi se-TV. Inkambu umbono is sisimamiswe izindiza ezimbili. Umlawuli Ubuye yayo ububanzi othole. Umdubuli kambayimbayi emehlweni itholakala nge optical futhi ezishisayo iziteshi imaging. Ngokusho izici lomyali, ke okulingana, kodwa has a laser indlela ekhethekile ekuqondiseni ezicitshwayo.

Njengoba umshini is wazakhela izindawo ezivamile ezingeni lesimanje, umlawuli unakho ukuthola isitha at ibanga amakhilomitha amahlanu. Ebusuku, lo ibanga kuyehla kube 3.5 km. Thina umdubuli kambayimbayi kungenzeka ukuthola izinjongo ezifana. Futhi kuyamjabulisa, njengoba yasekhaya T-72 amaningi, okuyizinto emabuthweni ahlomile, the umdubuli kambayimbayi has izimo best for umsebenzi kuka ngisho induna, ngubani nje ngeke abone ukuthi ukhona abangaphansi kwakhe.

On amathemba ukuthuthukiswa entsha

Ngokushesha ngemva ukubukeka imishini emisha at imibukiso abameleli eMnyango Wezokuvikela wakhuluma ngesimo namathemba ahambisana nako. Sonke sinesitha esikhulu ukuthi banenkolelo ejulile yokuthi umshini uzothola amakhasimende ayo. Esinye sezici ezivelele main BMPT chassis base kubolekwe undemanding zwí ne-T-72. Njengoba lezi amathangi ezisebenza kuyo yonke indawo, amakhasimende akudingeki ukuba bachithe imali ikakhulukazi kabusha onjiniyela kanye nabasebenza.

Kuvele isici esithakazelisayo ubuchwepheshe obusha namanje e iqiniso ukuthi ekuqaleni eklanyelwe hhayi kuphela ngokombono ukwakhiwa imishini emisha, kodwa futhi sinombono retrofitting amathangi ekhona kwi izingalo. Kukhona ulwazi olusemthethweni kamakhi, okhuluma ukulungela ukuphakela amakhasimende hhayi kuphela imishini ngomumo eyenziwe, kodwa futhi ukuguqulwa kits nethimba lonjiniyela elingase ukuguqula T-72 ubudala on the spot. Okokuqala, le ndlela yokukhuluma izobiza izikhathi eziningana eshibhile. Okwesibili, on-site Ochwepheshe uzokwazi ukuzivumelanisa kangcono okulungisa amasu abo ngaphansi ezingokoqobo wendawo.

nemibi Okungenzeka kanye nezicelo

izinga lokuvikeleka, uma uqhathanisa lesi sibalo nge imodeli langaphambilini, izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali ezingeni efanayo. Ngombandela, indima negative usengakwazi ukudlala ayenqaba othomathikhi amabhomu iziqhumane. Kodwa lesi simo ngeke bakwazi okwethusa inkalankala labo abangase babe abathengi. Ngokuvamile, abanye izimangalo isiqondiso "Terminator" lokuqala nje okwamanje encishisiwe yokuthi lokho kungubuwula ukugcina amalungu amabili ezengeziwe nezisebenzi ngenxa 40-mm amabhomu iziqhumane. Futhi kungasiko ukulwa ukuphumelela isikhali, okuyinto kakhulu, futhi amagumbi ukuphazamiseka elinganiselwe.

Ngomqondo onabile, inkulumo izici emgqonyeni kanye rocket izikhali kule imodeli akuyona sibi kakhulu kunalokho okuboniswa omi esasisandulele, ukuze izimangalo kule ndaba akufanele kube. Ngezindlela eziningi lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngempela developers wazama hhayi kuphela ukuthuthukisa elula ithangi ukuguqulwa iphrojekthi, kodwa futhi wakucabangela wonke amazwana inguqulo yangaphambilini. Uzenzela isinqumo: zokukhekheleza kanye nezindleko ukuguqula imoto endala ukuze isampula esisha izikhali - yini kangcono?

By the way, iqiniso, "wokhela" imoto entsha, ngisho umdlalo Armored Impi. BMPT "Terminator" ngokucacile "kwaphoqa" phezu ngezikhali emhlabeni emakethe, usebenzisa zonke abezindaba netinsita letikhona. Nokho, "ukuphila kwangempela" zonke ukuze kakade kwenziwe izivivinyo emasimini ka amasu amasha, imiphumela okuyinto lempi wethu unesithakazelo kakhulu amakhono ayo enkundleni yempi. Kwethenjwa ukuthi ezempi Russian uzothola kule nqubo (in the case of isinqumo omuhle ukukhiqizwa yayo) ibe yisikali efanele.

Isidingo BMPT enjalo kusobala, njengoba ezimweni zempi ezisemadolobheni kungaba ngempumelelo ukumboza ezinye esindayo izimoto armored hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ukwenza bebodwa, impumelelo kakhulu yokulwa iyunithi.