Ugqumugqumu Grushenka: incazelo ezihlukahlukene. Ukulima, ukunakekelwa

Phakathi abaningi izinhlobonhlobo ugqumugqumu abatshali ukunikeza eside ntandokazi gooseberries Grushenka. ukubukeka kwakhe, lokhu ezihlukahlukene ubophekile ukuba All-Russia Ukukhethwa-Technological Institute of ukulima futhi Nursery.

Incazelo nezici izitshalo

Ugqumugqumu Grushen'ka limelela srednerosloe ehlathini nge kwamahlamvu aminyene. Amagatsha akuzona kakhulu ayahlakazeka futhi uhlala e-ugongolo. Libhekene esihle ekhelini amahlumela yonyaka. Ingabe ikhono eqinile ukwakha amahlumela, ukushuba zazo has usayizi isilinganiso. Abayona spikes futhi Kuhlangana interstices. Amagatsha sikhule amahlamvu ngemibala egqamile green futhi khona sheen okuncane. I inflorescence kungaba ezimbili futhi emithathu umbala. Ngenxa yokuthi gooseberries Grushen'ka libhekisela ezihlukahlukene medium, izimbali zayo awavamile kuncike kumile yesithwathwa. Kuyinto ukumelana nezifo ezifana powdery isikhutha.

berry

Grushenka grade ugqumugqumu izithelo babanjwa, aphakathi ipheya emise ngosayizi. amajikijolo nesisindo esingaphansi kweminyaka engaphezu kwengu-4-WSF isisabalale umhlaba legatsha kweminyaka emibili ubudala, kanye amahlumela ngonyaka odlule. Have a ezimnandi ukunambitheka omuncu-sweet.

Indlela yokutshala ugqumugqumu?

Lesi simila finicky lidinga izimo ezithile ezikhulayo. It ukuthandwa eziningi ukukhanya engatheli izithelo ezindaweni ukubopha. Ugqumugqumu Grushen'ka ukungathandwa inani eleqile umswakama, ngakho lesi sitshalo ayikwazi itshalwe kumasayithi amanzi noma kulabo ukuthi zitholakala esigodini. Akunconyelwe zokutshala ezindaweni lapho ngaphambili kwakukhona currant noma ugqumugqumu ehlathini. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lesi sitshalo odlule bebengaba isifo njengoba sesiidae noma Jose esikalini, futhi ehlathini abasha kalula ukubamba lezi zifo. kahle kakhulu ke ukusinda, futhi, umila ezindaweni eziphakeme lapho ngaphambili owahlwanyela imifino.

Indlela yokutshala ugqumugqumu? Ngaphambi betshala inhlabathi zigezwe yazo zonke ukhula. Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuba zokutshala - ekwindla zakuqala. Ekuqaleni wemba umgodi ububanzi mkhulu kunezinhliziyo 40 cm. Kuyadingeka ukuba uthele Umanyolo kusukela emva kokutshala isitshalo esincane lizodinga yokudla luningi. I gooseberries okuphakelayo? Njengoba Umanyolo ngaphansi isihlahla owethulwa humus noma umquba. Ungabeka 200 of superphosphate noma izinkuni umlotha kabili. Uma ugqumugqumu lihlala phezu enhlabathini ene-asidi, kutuswa ukwengeza i eyengeziwe 150 g of wokulinganisa. Kunalokho, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa ufulawa dolomite e esilinganayo.

Kuyadingeka ukuba afeze ukuthambisa njalo. Ngo nesomiso ke kuyodingeka ezimbili amabhakede amanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho ezomile inhlabathi mulching utshani utshani noma humus. Uma bobabili usetha izithombo ezimbalwa, base umbe imigodi ibanga 2 m.

Gooseberries: Ukunakekela entwasahlobo

Njenganoma iyiphi enye isitshalo, fruiting ukunakekelwa izihlahlana idinga. Kuyadingeka ukuba ehlelekile ukususa zonke ukhula, athambise umhlabathi, ukuze afeze yokudla, ukuthambisa, izihlahla. Uhlelo impande ehlathini kancane, ngakho kukhona engajulile. Kushisa, umswakama enhlabathini phezulu iyasha ngokushesha, ngakho ehlathini kufanele kahle wanisela, ekuvimbeleni omiswe kohlelo impande. Ukuze kutholwe isivuno ugqumugqumu ezinhle Grushen'ka amaningi futhi kwentwasahlobo, esikhathini we esibelethweni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ngonyaka owandulele ihlumela ukuqhakaza, ngaphansi isihlahla Kunconywa ukuba enze nitrogen umquba. Ngemva konyaka kungenziwa wanezela ngemuva kokufika ekwindla ngaphansi umquba ehlathini phosphate-umanyolo. Ukuze amagatsha ugqumugqumu ungagxambukeli ukunakekelwa isihlahla, kufanele avuswe phansi ngosizo zasesiteji.

izihlahla nezitshalo ezikwaziyo

nezihlahla izihlahla kumele kwenziwe kwentwasahlobo kuze efihlekile ziye iqhakazile na. Njengoba inani avelele akhawunti kwezitshalo ngamagatsha kuze kube iminyaka emithathu ubudala, elidala kumelwe kususwe. Ukusikiwa futhi omisiwe futhi amagatsha onesifo, ukuqina asehlathini Kuphendula esihle. Izihlahla Kwenziwa ezingeni eliphansi eduze kumila ehlathini. Izindawo tincetu Kunconywa ukufihla ingadi iphimbo. Inqubo efanayo Kunconywa njalo eminyakeni emibili. Kungenjalo, isihlahla kuba aminyene futhi izithelo ngaphakathi kuyoba kuncane kakhulu.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha ugqumugqumu

Ekupheleni ubusika, lapho neqhwa ngokuphelele, eduze otshanini bemba anemifantu engajulile. Bafaka eside amahlumela yonyaka, hhayi ebheka phezulu elalivela esihlahleni. Ukuze bakwazi ukuhlala ukuthi isikhundla, bona prishpilivayut emhlabathini ngodobo wenza kusuka noma ukhuni noma aluminium wire. amagatsha Kuphiniwe embozwe umhlaba waphuzisa kahle. Kuyo yonke inkathi, inhlabathi kule ndawo ukuba njalo athambise futhi moisten. Ngokunakekela efanele, uhlelo impande livela kakade phansi ngemva konyaka. Ngemva ukuvela yayo yisithombo uyashiywa ehlathini, bagubha futhi utshalwe endaweni efanele.

Lokusakaza kungenziwa futhi Bokuhlela mpo. Ngaphambi ihlumela ababuthakathaka amahlumela basal ziyasuswa, inhlabathi lowatungeleta ehlathini, futhi amanzi yethulwa umquba. Ngaphakathi esidlekeni kuyinto "isiguqo" umquba kanye amboza iyiphi impahla. ukuphakama kwalo kufanele kube ngu-30 cm. Kuyo isizini, kukhona luningi izihlahlana sigqoka ukumnika of mullein. I-cuttings uhlelo impande izotholakala ekwindla ezizayo. ngokushesha Bazihlukanisa futhi utshalwe endaweni ehlala njalo.

Ngo ekwindla, ungakwazi afeze ukwehlukana sezihlahla, okuyinto eyenziwa eminyakeni engaphezu kwezinkulungwane 5. Ukuze afeze le nqubo, kufanele igodi ngokugcwele. Ukuze uhlelo impande kwaba kuyabonakala, naye ngokuphelele nivuthulule phansi. Khona-ke, ehlome ngocelemba ke ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye eziningana. Ukuze kucedvwa kangcono entsha amagatsha indawo fruiting ukususa, futhi ushiye kuphela amahlumela amasha, kunciphisa ka cm-30. Lokhu kuzosiza ehlathini ukuqondisa wonke amabutho ukuze kucedvwa ezinhle, hhayi ukuthuthukiswa umbungu.

Izifo nokwelashwa ugqumugqumu

Abaningi banesithakazelo, okumele gooseberries ukunakekelwa yezifo entwasahlobo. Ezinye zezifo eziningi ezivamile septoria ndawo. Amahlamvu bush shades of izindawo grey. Khona-ke bakha namabala amnyama, lendlalekela lonke ishidi. Lokhu kuholela omiswe ngaphambi kwesikhathi futhi ewa. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi, ngemva isifo leaf ukuwa ingabe usekhona. Ngakho-ke, uma kwenzeka inkinga enjalo, amaqabunga bawa Kufanele ishiswe.

Lahla isifo kuzosiza zinc sulphate manganese futhi boron. Lemisebenti ingaphindze esetshenziselwa nokuvimbela lesi sifo, ukuvimbela ivela khona.

Esinye isifo ovamile - powdery isikhutha, iyona ayingozi kakhulu nganoma yisiphi isitshalo. yakheke Izimpawu zokuqala-plaque mhlophe ishidi phansi. Uma kubonakala, khona-ke kwakhiwa emangelengele uphawu ensundu. Londoloza le gooseberries kakade nzima kakhulu, kodwa ukushiya kwakhe kulesi sifundazwe futhi akukwazi, njengoba lesi sifo kalula ushayiswe futhi ehlathini eliseduze. Kulokhu, ikhambi edingekayo boron, ithusi, noma manganese sulfate, okuyinto busuka enhlabathini cishe the hlahla.

izinambuzane gooseberries

Kodwa lesi sifo hhayi ingozi kuphela ukukhula nokuthuthuka ehlathini. Izinambuzane ingase ilimaze izitshalo futhi ube nomthelela ongemuhle amahlamvu kanye uhlelo impande. Kubangela kufike komkhulu wabo umonakalo ugqumugqumu umsahi. Lapho kubonakala kunesidingo ukucutshungulwa ugqumugqumu ugwayi tincture, umhlonyane Yarrow. Ngokulinganayo esiphumelelako amanzi sishaye anensipho.

Ukuvimbela okuvela izinambuzane eziwuhlupho ngaphambi ebusika inhlabathi cishe the hlahla bembe a 10 cm ukujula. Lokhu uyobhubhisa bonke kufihlwe izinambuzane ubusika.