Ukhula

Ukhula - kuyinto isitshalo izimila kanzima sebehlushwa izitshalo yezolimo. Ukhula okusakazwa kalula. Lezi zitshalo kukhona amakhambi ezinesihlungu, asendleleni wonke amazwekazi, kodwa akukho bazuze kuzo.

Akuwona wonke ukhula abangu limiswa. Ngokwesibonelo, uma ubhekilanga, okuyinto akusebenzi ukhula, showering imbewu yabo, ngalesosikhathi nye of them izohluma entwasahlobo ngeke nilingcolise izitshalo izitshalo kutshalwa. Ngokuvamile lokhu izitshalo ebusika, okuyinto zitshalwa kule ndawo ngemuva sunflower.

zinhlobo ukhula ogama inombolo isivele idlule eyizinkulungwane ezimbalwa, okubangela umonakalo omkhulu nomkhakha wezolimo kanye umonakalo wehlukile. Bona zimunce amanzi enhlabathini ngamanani amakhulu, izimpande zabo ushevu enhlabathini ezishisa kakhulu zikhipha izinhlayiyana izinto eziyingozi. Zidle amanzi amaningi, bona zihlukaniswa sokwanda okusheshayo, ngokulandelana, beswela ukukhanya izitshalo, kanjalo nokuncipha isivuno. Ngezinye izikhathi ngisho izitshalo ziyafa.

lapho ulahlekelwe okuthile okuyigugu at isivuno khona ukhula emazombezombe uhlobo lomkhakha bindweed Polygonum noma convolvulaceae. Ngaphansi isisindo sabo kwenzeka yokungenisa izitshalo, futhi lokhu kusho ukuthi wokuhlanza kubo kunzima - futhi ingxenye kwezitshalo uhlala emkhakheni.

Uhlushwa ukhula (ezinwabuzelayo somkhaya, ukuhlwanyela-somkhaya et al.) Futhi izishanyeli, avimbekile utshani izingxenye zayo, okuholela ukusebenza kungancipha. Kulokhu, ukhula kungehlisa izinga isivuno. Lokhu kungenxa ukwanda lamabele imbewu umswakama uma lingena isivuno namanzi izingxenye ukhula.

Akunakwenzeka ingasaphathwa enye inkathazo. Ngezinye izikhathi imbewu ukuwa wokusanhlamvu ukhula ezinesihlungu, bese kuholela ubuthi kwezilwane, futhi ngezinye izikhathi abantu. Ukhula kunganciphisa isivuno kanye umsoco, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho ukuba azixoshe yokulima aklaba utshani izinhlobo. Ukhula eziholela silting iziteshi ukunisela, ngaphezu, wehlise throughput yabo. Futhi ngisho isizini ashisayo, baba umthombo imililo. Ikakhulukazi iyingozi ukhula ngokuchichima kuba endaweni okuthiwa band inyumbazane uwoyela noma igesi amapayipi.

Ukwahlukanisa ukhula wenziwa ngemibandela eziningana: Locus, imifanekiso ethile, ukusatshalaliswa, sokuvuselela.

Ngokuzalanisa izici begazi, kunamaqembu amathathu: zisetshenziswa kanye 2 iqembu maloletnika (imbewu futhi vegetative). Iqembu kuhlanganisa imbewu maloletnikov isitshalo yokuzalanisa lokusakaza sokuphindukuzalwa nokwenziwa sibe basha nge imbewu, izithelo noma imbewu lwegciwane. Bobabili yonyaka kanye biennial.

Ukhula-unyaka zihlukaniswe subgroups. Ngo isethi engezansi kwentwasahlobo, okuyizinto izinambuzane ezinkulu kwentwasahlobo izitshalo, quinoa, i-oats zasendle, Hemp. Ukuze elincane kwentwasahlobo, odla unyaluthi futhi ngenkuthalo intuthuko yamakhono kwentwasahlobo, kukhona ukhula, foxtail ogama lakhe, amaranth, nabanye. Uhlelo elincane ukhula ubusika kwamukeleka kahle ebusika plodonosya ngonyaka, yacekeleka iqembu izitshalo kubangela izitshalo ebusika. Ukuze Iqembu elingaphansi kwama-ubusika zihlanganisa esikhwameni kamalusi, yakut ensimini.

ukhula Biennial siphile iminyaka emibili: onyakeni wokuqala wokuphila avele izitho vegetative engaphansi yenzalo, futhi izithelo nezitshalo befa ngonyaka wokuphila wesibili.

Iqembu ehlukile siqukethe ukhula, izinambuzane, baba akunakubangelwa dodder, broomrape, isondo toothed noma kamuva umsindo omkhulu. Dodder inamathela ngokwawo stem alfalfa, i-clover, noma ezinye broomrape isitshalo lusekelwa ngamandla izimpande utamatisi, alfalfa noma ugwayi, kanti owokugcina uyoba ngo izitshalo ezimbili weedy kukhona semiparasites.