Sulphur umjikelezo

Sulphur livela ku komhlaba ngenxa mlilo ngesimo compounds, ngaphezu kwalokhu, amanzi iqukethe hydrogen sulphide kwezinye imithombo. Cycle Sulphur kuboniswa izinqubo yezinto eziphilayo zazo zibangelwa nezilwanyana ezincane ezingabonakali kwamazinyo yezitshalo nezilwane izinsalela. Lapho yokubola namaprotheni aqukethe amino acid ehlanganisa nesibabule (cysteine, cystine, methionine), kanye yokubola isitshalo amafutha abalulekile kwakhiwa-hydrogen sulfide ne-mercaptan. Hydrogen sulfide ikhishwe wokwehla nosawoti of sulfurous acid, i-sulfuric acid futhi acid sernovatistoy ezihilela amagciwane sulfate-ukunciphisa kanye nawo uhilelekile kule umjikelezo nesibabule.

Eqinisweni, i-sulfide hydrogen akuyona zimuncwe yizimila, futhi ngokufanelekile, nezilwane. Hydrogen sulfide oxidizes sulphur amagciwane ekhethekile, okuphumela ekwakhiweni of sulfate zazo kahle amuncwa izitshalo. izitshalo kwemiqondo sulphur-equkethe compounds zifakwe umjikelezo sulphur ngokwemvelo. Ammonifiers namagciwane sulfate-ekunciphiseni ukuhlukana nabo kuyi-hydrogen sulfide. sulphur umjikelezo kwenzeka, ngakolunye uhlangothi, bangakunaki sulphur amagciwane lapho oxidize-hydrogen sulfide.

sulphur amagciwane iqembu

amagciwane Sulphur zihlukaniswe amaqembu amabili: kungekho nto enemibala emihle namakhaladi onsomi.

amafomu kungekho nto enemibala emihle yilezi:

1) zonke izinhlobo Beggiatoa - ngentambo ngokukhululekile eside. Phakathi kwabo kukhona elikhulu wonke amagciwane;

2) ezithile Thiothrix - namanje sesigcilikisha eside ukuthi anamekwe izinto ngaphansi kwamanzi;

3) izinhlobo eziningana zama-bacterium owumphumela - Thiophysa.

Zonke amagciwane - autotrophs. sulphur umjikelezo ikhuthaza ekuqongeleleni yayo ngaphakathi engqamuzaneni. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ama-bacterium nesibabule zitholakala kuphela ezindaweni lapho hydrogen sulfide ikhiqizwa njalo futhi lapho kuba khona kophuzo umoya-mpilo. Movement of amagciwane kwenzeka ipuleti virus. Ukusakazwa sulphur kwegciwane uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli odlulela phezulu noma phansi umoya-mpilo phezu hydrogen sulfide. Uhlelo Loluguduzisa Black Sea e-bacterium itholakala endaweni engaba ngu-200 m ukujula.

I namachibi sulphur amagciwane-mpilo senzeka ngezigaba ezimbili. Babeqale basuke oxidized ukuba sulphur, okuyinto zibekwe cytoplasm lamaseli futhi lisetshenziswa njengendlela enye amandla impahla.

Uma medium akwanele-hydrogen sulfide is oxidized kancane kancane ukuba sulfuric acid sulphur agcinwe. It is neutralized futhi bicarbonates cell exoshwa ngesimo nosawoti sulfate.

sulphur umjikelezo kuqedile ngaphandle iqhaza onsomi sulphur amagciwane ahlanganiswe bakteriopurpurinom lesi sakhi, ebanikeza shades ezahlukene obomvu, futhi photosynthesis sombala bacteriochlorophyll.

Sulphur amagciwane imvelo kugcwele umhlaba wonke. Zihlala nesibabule iziphethu, amanzi amile, daka, inhlabathi. amagciwane Sulphur kukhona Autotrophic, sigxilise carbon dioxide, usebenzisa amandla, ezakhiwe namachibi of encishisiwe zinhlobo sulphur okuyinto.

Ukuze kungekho nto enemibala emihle sulphur amagciwane zihlanganisa thiobacteria okuyinto kokubili Thiobacillus thioparus, Thiobacillus thiooxidans nabanye. Ngaphandle-hydrogen sulphide nesibabule kuthiwa oxidised thio compounds futhi kukhona autotrophs ku usawoti namanzi ahlanzekile enhlabathini.

sulphur umjikelezo kuhambisana izinqubo nokunciphisa, ezibangelwa amagciwane nesibabule, okungukufa ngezinye izikhathi ngokwemvelo ukufinyelela osayizi omkhulu. Ngo oLwandle Olumnyama ngesikhathi 200 m ukujula iqukethe isamba okunjalo enkulu kuyi-hydrogen sulfide ukuthi ukuphila kukhona eyeka ngempela. Nge ekuqongeleleni hydrogen sulfide emhlabathini, bagcwala amanzi, ungayeka kanye nezitshalo nezilwane ezinhlobonhlobo kuye.

Sulphate amagciwane ekunciphiseni yakha ukuphulukiswa sulfuric eziningi amachibi udaka mayelana Pyatigorsk, izizalo zemifula kanye eduze Odessa Yevpatoria. Lezi amabhaktheriya aguqulwa nge-hydrogen sulphide e mass ezimnyama hydrate colloidal yensimbi sulfide, bakhulelisa yl kwesigubhu. Corrosion yensimbi futhi kwenzeka ku amaphutha abo ngenxa lapho lilimele amapayipi ipayipi kanye neensetjenziswa.

amagciwane Sulphur ezihilelekile ekwelapheni begazi angcolile , futhi kukhombisa eqinile ukungcoliswa inhlabathi namanzi e imizana.