Truffle Black: incazelo

truffle Black - uhlobo marsupial ukhunta fruiting imizimba ezikhula ngomshoshaphansi. Abathandi bokudla azimisele ukukhokha imali omkhulu, kuphela ukuzizwa ukunambitheka kwabo obucayi kanti iphunga. Intengo amakhilogramu lokhu truffle ngamunye inkulungwane zamadola nangaphezulu. Futhi isidingo mikhiqizo zokudlela ezibizayo akuyona ngincipha.

Lesi sikhunta black truffle

imizimba fruiting, yokuvuthwa kwazo emhlabathini uhlelo ifomu mycorrhiza kwesihlahla se-okhi impande noma ezinye izihlahla lezihlahla. Black truffle (ngenhla) ngokuvamile ine ijamo okungajwayelekile noma uthi lokuphotha, ifinyelela kusuka 3 kuya 9 cm ububanzi. I dark ebusweni (iba nsundu ngokubomvu) uma sesivuthiwe - black anemibala azwela umfutho umbala ukugqwala. On a uginindela cut is ngokucacile ibonakaliswa ompunga zemabula ukuthungwa noma isizinda Pinkish.

Njengoba e imvelo, ukujula lapho asathuthuka imizimba fruiting, kungenzeka kuze kube yingxenye imitha, ekutholeni truffle black ngaphambili owayengenalusizo kusetshenziswa izingulube oqeqeshiwe. iphunga eyinqaba edonsela izilwane amakhowe amashumi amamitha, futhi ngokucacile ukuthi kukuphi lapho zabanikazi, uzama umbe wabakhipha. Truffle wakhonza e zokudlela ushizi (isinongo) noma uphekwe. Ukunambitheka "idayimane abamnyama" namanzi kube luqhatshi ehlukile futhi ukufutheka kancane libizwa.

izici

Kukholakala ukuthi truffle black bayakwazi ukuvusa izinhlangano inkanuko ngezidingo ezikhethekile. Iphunga lokusanhlamvu leli khowe ukhumbuza bamphathele amaphunga, okuyinto ukuyichaza ziyadliwa, moss, amajikijolo, amahlamvu bawa phansi ehlathini. Nakuba truffle amakhemikhali ukwakheka kuyahluka into ekhethekile, ezibizayo gourmet zokudlela wathenga njengabaphathi abahle sezibiliboco seasonings noma izithasiselo isidlo esikhulu.

izinga lomkhiqizo akuxhomekile wacondza ukhunta. Nakuba ubukhulu zokudlela uncamela kungekho orange eside. Lokhu ukhunta is sizikhandle uthathe tincetu nomzimba omncane, ngakho ungakwazi zisanda ukubukeka yokuqala futhi ngokucacile wama phandle zemabula ukuthungwa ku Imi. Isenzakalo eliphezulu kakhulu omnyama truffle (2.5 kg) itholwe 1951.

kwezinto ezifanayo

Ochwepheshe ukuhlukanisa phakathi ezingaphezu kuka-40 izinhlobo truffle. Basuke ihlukaniswe kwamaqembu, ukugqamisa phakathi la maqembu, kuncike esifundeni: isi-Italian (Piedmont), Perigord, Oregon, isiShayina, Black Russian, zaseHimalaya, elise-Asia Ephakathi. Ukuze isizini ka yokuvuthwa ukuhlukanisa ihlobo nobusika zenyathi. Ngokwesiko, truffle black abhekwa yangempela.

Umehluko ziyabonakala ukubukeka. blackening Isici nge warty surface ziyahlukahluka cishe bushelelezi futhi alube, ngisho awube mhlophe. Marble ukuthungwa ku Imi iyahlukahluka. Uyabazisa amnyama ephikisanayo kanye emithanjeni qwa. Nakuba "wasePiedmont elimhlophe" truffle komumo wobuso sibalo olumhlophe njengoba ezingavamile ngaphezulu kungamenza alahlekelwe nakakhulu. Ukunambitheka lezi ezimnyama truffle egqamile futhi te. Winter izinhlobonhlobo abe ocebile musky iphunga.

ukukhula ngoLwesithathu

Cinga truffle black kudingeka emahlathini lezihlahla. bakhetha ukukhanya inhlabathi, ukungena nakwamanye amazwe, lime. Thola indawo ye ukukhula kungenzeka isikhunta kusengaphambili kunzima kakhulu. Bethonywe izici eziningi: ezingeni komhlaba ngokuchichima kwezulu isihlahla ubudala, concomitant izimila Ukwakheka, izici zezulu yale ndawo kanti futhi isayithi ethile.

truffle Black eRussia abangalwazi amakhowe pickers. Imininingwane search yabo ziwumthwalo conditionality ezengeziwe. Uma othile ngephutha wabona-like ukhunta, wenza ngokuyisimangaliso indlela yabo kwamanzi kanye nesikhathi engatholakali izilwane zasendle, khona-ke qaphela kuye omele umndeni ka truffle akubona bonke usulungile.

Imali Isizini incike zilwane. Winter truffle uvuthwe kusuka Okthoba. Ezindaweni nge sezulu efudumele isizini iqala ekuqaleni unyaka omusha futhi ihlala kuze kube nguMashi. Summer truffle kungenziwa wafuna kuze ekupheleni kwekwindla. izindawo zomlando yokukhula - France, Italy, eSpain. Kodwa kwezinto ezifanayo ingatholakala kulo lonke ezwekazini laseYurophu. ERussia, ngenxa izici of sezulu kanye ezijulile inhlabathi okokuqandisa ikhula uhlobo kuphela truffle ehlobo.

usesho Izici

Ukuqoqa truffle black ngosizo izingulube abaqeqeshiwe akuyona njalo elula. Sinenkosi umuzwa wangaphakathi iphunga, kodwa kunzima ukuqeqesha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bakhathala babe ingcuba ngokushesha. Phezu ukuthola uthola ukufuna ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kutholakale ukhunta, kokulimaza inhlabathi.

Inja udonse nephunga truffle, kunenzuzo leminyenti ngaloku. Kodwa ukuze nginilungisela Bloodhound ezinhle, kuthatha isikhathi futhi umkhuba. Inqubo yokufunda senzeka ngaphansi kohlelo ejwayelekile. Kusukela puppyhood ukuba adle ukudla ungeze iphunga truffle. Silungiswa umhluzi amakhowe. Futhi ukukuthinta ezihlukahlukene izinto, fihla, bese unikele ukuthola indawo yokucasha. Kamuva Bookmark wangcwatshwa emhlabathini. Okhunye okukhambisana accustom endaweni lapho ohlela ukuqoqa.

Thola Locus truffle, ngokusho kongoti, kungenzeka, futhi khona izinsensane eziswebezelayo. Red fly oblyubovyvayut izindawo lapho truffle zikhule, ukuba khona amaqanda. Kule midlalo, dweba izibungu emhlabathini, okuyinto zingene Sporocarp niziklabise kuze ukuvuthwa. Ungakwazi ichaze indawo truffle nochichima inhlabathi ngemba. izingulube zasendle, amaphiva nezinye izilwane nazo engakwenqeni ukudla uju.

ukutshalwa yokufakelwa

Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi yale nqubo kungenxa ezinhlamvu ukusatshalaliswa indlela. Amakhowe uvuthwe ngaphanzi komhlaba, futhi ngoba ifomu ingashintshwa ukuze sisinde kule mibandela ekhethekile. Isikhunta ezinhlamvu kuthiwa sidliwe yizilwane zasendle adabule ipheshana wokugaya ukudla bese ukuchithela enhlabathini futhi. Uma izimo ezilungele, bona ziqhume ukwakha mycorrhiza nge uhlelo impande izihlahla lezihlahla. Yikuphi zavela mycelium emva kwesikhashana sikhule izithelo imizimba truffle.

Besilokhu imizamo ngempumelelo sikhule amakhowe emasimini yokufakelwa. Acorns kusukela oki phansi okuyinto truffle eziye zatholakala, eqoqwe utshaleke inhlabathi evundile. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-6-7, phakathi izimpande zezinye kaMamre abasha atholakele imicu mycelium. Ngemva kwafika isikhathi esithile futhi izidumbu fruiting isikhunta. Okwamanje, truffle black alinywa emazweni ahlukahlukene. esiningi imikhiqizo eliphezulu ezithunyelwa kusuka China. Sekutholakele futhi ekhula uhlelo Australia.

truffle Black phakathi utamatisi

Lokhu ezihlukahlukene utamatisi akuyona kabanzi phakathi balimi and balimi. Kodwa sibonga ukubukeka ezingavamile izithelo zawo, ngokwethukela ecela abathengi. Kukhona izingxabano mayelana umsuka ezihlukahlukene. Abanye baphikisa ngokuthi utamatisi umkhankaso Ukukhetha Russian. Noma kunjalo, ngokuvamile okuthiwa ashiwo sha "truffle Japanese". Black ukhona ngemibala izithelo. Yini ekhethekile ngale lezi utamatisi? It kuphela wakhipha kwalokhu uhlobo ezingavamile imibala abalimi?

Lezi utamatisi basonta phakathi-amakilasi. Kusukela lapho kuqala ukuhluma kuya fruiting yenzeka kwezinsuku ezilinganiselwa kwezingu-115 ka. Kumiswa isihlahla ukunakekelwa ilungelo 1.5-2 amamitha eliphezulu futhi kudinga impoqo garters. Utamatisi zibambene ngezandla. On the stem ngokuvamile akhiwa amaqembu 5-6, 3-4 ibhulashi uvuthwe. utamatisi Nedospevshie lubuthwa futhi abekwe eceleni abekelwe nokuvuthwa. Abakwazi ukufinyelela isimo ngoba ekuqaleni ebusika, uma zathathwa ngo-Okthoba. Isisindo utamatisi ngokwesilinganiso cishe 100-150 amagremu. Ngesinye ehlathini ingaqoqa-4 kg. Isithelo uginindela kuyinto obukhulu, inzalo kancane. Utamatisi bumnandi, nge sourness ezicashile. Skin umbala ogqamile. Ezinhlangothini kukhona akachazeki anemifantu longitudinal.

Utamatisi "tuber melanosporum": Izibuyekezo

Izinzuzo izinhlobo kuzomele sifake ikhono lokubekezelela amazinga eqile okushisa nokubanda futhi iDemo ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa. Izithelo uvuthwe ngaphambi ekwindla yesithwathwa kuqala. utamatisi Underripe kungenziwa ligcinwe ngaso ezingeni lokushisa elifanele 3-4 izinyanga. Amanothi okusezingeni eliphezulu ukuzabalaza "truffle" izifo fungal.

izithelo ezivuthiwe zinhle ukuwafaka. Ngesikhathi ebhange Babukeka yasekuqaleni. Vele bheka, futhi isaladi utamatisi fresh, lapho phakathi anemibala red yellow ejwayelekile zitholakala izingcezu ocebile konsundu ephethe tinge purple (isitshalo seqanda) umbala. Izinhlobonhlobo utamatisi "truffle Japanese" ezikhonjwe eziningana zezinto eziphilayo. Lasekuqaleni kakhulu utamatisi "tuber melanosporum".

Incazelo asele zenyathi imibala zezithelo. Ngaphezu umbala bendabuko obomvu, ihlaba umkhosi pink kakhudlwana futhi ephuzi. Izithelo yonke imibala babe ipheya-okwenyanga isici. Ikhasi izithelo nenyama iqinile, ezihlukahlukene ezinhle ukumelana zokuhamba. Ukunambitha utamatisi anemibala ehlukene zihlukile. Iningi ezibhekwa amnandi zinhlobo ophuzi. Abakwazi ongaqhathaniswa izithelo, kodwa "truffle abamnyama" kukhona uhlobo (yizicukuthwane) ukunambitheka.