Synecology - Iyini? Yini synecology?

Synecology - wukuthi bebheke isayensi? Ukuze lokho sidalwe? Yini synecology emsebenzini? Yiziphi izinkinga okuyixazululayo futhi iphenya?

ulwazi olujwayelekile

Synecology - ingenye amagatsha ngemvelo, okuyinto study imithetho ukuthuthukiswa kanye lempilo yemiphakathi eziphilayo (noma, kuchazwa ngolimi lwesayensi, biocenoses) e izimo ezithile zemvelo ukuthi ukushintsha. Ukwenza kusebenze lokhu kuthambekela ihlobene elikhulu zezici ahlukahlukene ezithinta ke, iyiphi indlela ukuya emphakathini wesintu. Yena synecology ukutadisha biotic simiso semvelo umphakathi, lapho izinto eziphilayo nokuthi kuyithinta kanjani kubo bukhoma. Ake sibheke isibonelo zamagama - abantu e-Afrika kanye ezisondelene nazo Zomhlaba kukhona omnyama kumnyama umbala, okuyinto lithathelwe yemvelo kwizimo semali elangeni futhi isihlobo yayo "yezinkanyezi" ukusondelana neqondile ukuwa. Kodwa enyakatho okunye, abantu abaningi white uzohlangana.

inhlangano

Emvelweni, kukhona yokwehlayo ezithile izinhlangano eziphilayo. Esikhathini kohlaka izifundo zabo futhi synecology eziphilayo. Ngaphezu umphakathi emvelweni okukhulunywe ngaye ekuqaleni, angakwazi ukugxila kakhudlwana Biogeocenoses. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imithombo yezokuzijabulisa ingadlulisela eside yokugcina kuchazwa ngokuthi umqondo ephakathi kulesi siqondiso. Ngemva synecology efunda isakhiwo kanye nokusebenza imiphakathi, okungase kuthinte biogeocoenoses izikali ezahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, kukhulunywa ingenziwa ngesikhathi esifanayo mayelana izilwandle zomhlaba, amachibi mayelana, futhi mayelana iziphunzi ebolile. Futhi usayizi - akuyona isici okuwukuphela ngezigaba selenziwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho kungase likhiqize izinhlobo ezingaphezu eside nemvelo yesikhathi esifushane neyezinto ucezu biogeocoenoses. Synecology ukuhlola ubudlelwano zenzeka phakathi izingxenye ezihlukahlukene izinhlelo. Thatha isiqu ebolile njengesibonelo. Gxila ke ngesikhathi esifanayo, futhi ama-fungus, ulele namagciwane ukubola bayifaka izakhi amaminerali kanye ukunikeza ithuba zikhule kule ndawo utshani noma kusuka imbewu ehlangeni lomuthi omusha.

Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi komsebenzi

Ngakho, ngokuvamile, futhi isithombe jikelele kucacile. Futhi abaningi kakade ukuqonda ukuthi synecology - igatsha isayensi, okuyinto libhekene umsebenzi kunzima kakhulu. Kunjalo. Phela, ngisho biogeocoenoses kakhulu elula siqukethe labantu elikhulu amagciwane, izitshalo nezilwane, ngokuvamile, izinto eziphilayo. Ngo ucwaningo ngalesi sigaba ezidingekayo ukuze sifeze ukukhethwa zinhlobo futhi bagxile alawula inombolo, inani noma isisindo. Ngemva kwalokho kudingeka ukusungula ubudlelwano obukhona phakathi wonke amalungu abahlala kwelinye biogeocoenose. Futhi konke izifundo synecology. Kulokhu, lesi simiso ukuthi izici sicabanga kakhudlwana ngalokhu futhi ucatshangelwe, ephelele ngaphezulu uyoba yini umphumela. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo vozrastvet nokuba yinkimbinkimbi ucwaningo. Ngakho Futhi kufanele ufune indawo ephakathi ukunemba nokuzikhandla.

Biogeocenoses Mayelana ezibalulekile

Uma sicabangela lokho kubalulekile (isib, ulwandle, amapaki, amasimu noma amahlathi) ukuze abantu, kumasistimu ezinjalo, inani link phakathi zilwane nje omkhulu. Kuze kube manje, akekho oye wakwazi ukwenza isifundo ephelele theory lezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi, lapho ukuhlukahluka eziphilayo siyamangalisa. Iyatholakala phakathi kolwazi lwethu ezincane kakhulu ukwakha uphinde uveze isimiso oxhumene umehluko zibalo ngawo ukubala ushintsho. Kwakucatshangwa ukuthi lokhu inkinga ongaqalana intelligence yokufakelwa. Kodwa-ke ngeshwa, kusenzima kude. Manje synecology - kuyinto ezizokwehlela abantu. Ukuze uthole okungenani ukwaziswa okuncane okunokwethenjelwa mayelana biogeocoenose esizayo, ososayensi nabacwaningi abaningi kufanele abeke imingcele, yokuqinisa sigxilise ukunaka yayo phezu izenzakalo enamandla kakhulu nezinqubo. Ukuze kube lula, imodeli yangempela futhi eyinkimbinkimbi uhlelo eziphilayo esikhundleni zezibalo. Ngokukhethekile kunikezwa ukusetshenziswa iketanga, amandla ukumuncwa futhi nokwabela abantu indawo. Yini Lalimeleleni?

ukusetshenziswa chain

It uthathwa njengomgcini thoroughfare eyinhloko izinqubo ezenzeka ecosystem. Kususelwa amaphuzu athile kukhona division zibe izingxenye. Ivelele zilwane ebaluleke kakhulu eziphilayo, okuyinto ngazo sekulingisa kwasekuqaleni. Nokuqhakaza zokuphila egcina ukugeleza amandla evimbela afe biogeocoenosis. In izinhlelo avaliwe, ezifana Earth noma iziqhingi ngabanye kwakhiwa izihibe ezinikeza ukusetshenziswa eziningi "amabhlogo wokwakha" ekhona lokwakha eziphilayo ngokwabo. Kulokhu, njengoba umthetho, imikhawulo elandelayo: ngokushesha lapho othile engena kakhulu, okufakiwe ukuzithiba izindlela.

Cabanga ngesibonelo sika-ehlathini elincane ngokushesha nje lapho abantu ikhula onogwaja, futhi kwandisa nezimpisi. Ngenxa yobuningi ezidla inani ezidla uhlaza uzoqala wehlise. Kodwa ngenxa yokuntuleka supply uzokwehla imfuyo nezimpisi. Kodwa kungani ladliwa nje okungaqondile "njengoba umthetho"? Iqiniso liwukuthi kusukela kule scheme, kukhona omunye ngaphandle - abantu. Thina bantu baye bafunda aphazamisa ukulinganiselwa bemvelo. Nokho, ngenxa yobulungisa kufanele ithi "kuye kwandisa imingcele kungenzeka." Ngokomthetho, sasingayikuhlanganyela kube zezinombolo ngaphezulu, kunokuba uhlobo ngokungadingekile inkawu, uma kungekhona ukuhlakanipha kwethu. Hlakulela ezweni, ukuze uthole isivuno? Easy! Khulisa nekusebenta tekulima? Ilokhu ekuhambeni ngale ndlela! Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba ufisa, singakwazi ukwandisa futhi nenombolo yezinye izinhlobo futhi ihluka kakhulu nomthelela kubo ngokusebenzisa zizalela.

isiphetho

Kuze kube manje, inkulumo mayelana ukubaluleka synecology olungenamkhawulo ngesimo lapho itholakala, akudingekile. Kodwa kancane kancane, ukuthuthukiswa ubuchwepheshe bama-computer futhi nekhono lokusingatha amavolumu enkulu idatha, lokhu isayensi ngempela uthola isebenza umkhuba. Ngenxa wakhe, singakwazi ukubala ukuthi angakanani amandla nezisetshenziswa uzobe idliwe ekhiqizwa uhlelo oluthile ukuthi ngesisekelo lezi idatha ukuhlelela intuthuko yabantu esizukulwaneni esizayo. Yilokho synecology.