Smirnova Aleksandra, maid udumo: Biography, imvelaphi

Ukuqala ukuphila ubuhle, unqobe bonke abantu abadumile hhayi kuphela ukubukeka, kodwa futhi ibukhali njengenkemba ukudla ingqondo, zimpawu ukufa okubuhlungu a Ukufiphala ukwazi e komqondo senile. Smirnova Aleksandra wayeyizwa isifuthefuthe lumens melancholy ebusheni bakhe, esikhundleni, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho kwaba kanye iheha futhi ekhazimulayo.

ebuntwaneni

Aleksandra Smirnova, Osipovna patronymic, wazalelwa e-Odessa 1809, indodana Osip Ivanovich Rosset, waseFrance kusukela emndenini wekuvana imvelaphi. Ngo ngemithambo kamama igazi isiJalimane Georgian ngesikhathi esifanayo. Alexander Njengoba kwakuyimi omdala ekhaya, kamuva eyabizwa ukukhanyisa abazalwane abane. Umndeni okukhona emholweni kababa, le Usigaxamabhande of echwebeni lase-Odessa. Kodwa lapho indodakazi eneminyaka emihlanu ubudala, wafa ngesikhathi umqedazwe isifo. Umama washada okwesibili, awunika Foster ugogo. Ebuntwaneni Alexandra Rosset waqhubeka ifa ku Ukraine. Babeneminyaka engu-ukukhanya ukuthi namabala ukuphila kwakhe omdala izinkumbulo emangalisayo futhi indlela kamuva N. V Gogolem othandweni lwabo ezivamile Ukraine. Yebo, wezwa yena kamuva Ukraine. Lapho izingane zikhula, abafana bathunyelwa zifundiseke Corps of amakhasi, futhi Sasha - the Catherine Institute Petersburg.

incekukazi udumo

Ngo 1826, esiphawulekayo Isipho Smirnova Aleksandra (ke Rosset) ekupheleni sikhungo iye enamathiselwe incekukazi udumo esigodlweni lokuqala Empress-unina, bese, e 1828 - Alexandra Feodorovna, August inkosikazi yombusi Nicholas I.

Palace izakhiwo okuphambene kakhulu nobuka-ukuphila zasemizini udumo. Babehlala elisophahleni Winter Palace, okwaholela izinyathelo 80. Ngamunye wabo ikamelo ehlukaniswa ukwahlukanisa grey yokhuni izingxenye ezimbili. Ikamelo wakhonza kanye lokulala, futhi egumbini lokuphumula. Nezincekukazi ekamurweni ezincane, kodwa eduze. Ngosuku komsebenzi wasendlini udumo wayegqoké ngokusho isikhundla sakhe walindela ucingo intando yakhe ukumuncwa. Kuyadingeka ukuba sihlale sikulungele. Ngokuvamile, kwaba izinceku esiphakeme, engewona nokho amaholo ikhokhwe njalo njalo. Ezinsukwini khulula wesibopho, incekukazi ngamunye wazama ukubaleka Winter, ukuze uzithole wobungane umndeni.

Lapha futhi ngangihlala esigodlweni Smirnova Aleksandra, incekukazi ka behlonipha iNdlovukazi abasha. Kodwa ingqondo yakhe kwalinganiselwa umbusi ezihlalweni zobukhosi bethwele nemiqhele Russia naye akazange anqikaze ukuxhumana.

intombazane okungavamile

ubuhle bayo, ingqondo ngokugqamile, ikhono ukwenza imicabango nge umusa lula bili idonse a lot of abalandeli Smirnova Aleksandra. Photo kwalo, Lutho neze, futhi imidwebo esibonisa ekumeni kukhona nabesifazane ababemkhalela, ukukhombisa abasha, zishaya ubuhle endaweni yakhe.

nesizotha freylinskaya ekamelweni lakhe phansi wesine salon etemibhalo. Waba wathola kahle salon abadumile E. A. Karamzinoy nabangane nendodakazi yakhe, uSophia Nikolaevna. Babalelwa ku-ke swirled zonke osaziwayo 20-30s: A. S. Pushkin, V. F. Odoevsky, PA Vyazemsky, VA Zhukovsky, M. Yu Lermontov.. "Chernook Rossetti" wabhala ku-albhamu A. S. Pushkin naye waba nemusa futsi kungaba ahlaziye umsebenzi wakhe omusha. "Amehlo South" enyakatho Virgin, ithenda futhi unothando, umxhwele PA Vyazemsky. Ngokuba ukunaka owawubonisa isibindi, yena awakholelwa futhi Donna Sol, futhi Donna Pepper.

"Little uSathane ezulwini" wambiza Vasiliy Andreevich Zhukovsky. Amazwi Vasiliya Tumanskogo (ohlakaniphile, UNobhala woMbuso) "Ngiyithandile blue eyes, futhi manje Ngiyakuthanda abamnyama ..." nomdlandla Rosset, ingoma ebhalwe, kwenziwa kuze kube namuhla. Pushkin wayesevele eshade Natalie Goncharova, ngokuvamile umkhaya esingethwe Alexandria, ngubani wayemdala kunezingane Natalya Nikolaevna iminyaka emithathu kuphela. Wehlela ukukhuluma manene sizifunde izinkondlo entsha. Ngu kuKesari Smirnova Aleksandra wayesekhona eduze. Ngakho, ngokusebenzisa yinkosi wakhe wamnika Pushkin imvilophu ngamanothi yakhe phezu wesandla "Eugene Onegin".

umshado

A. S. Pushkin wajabula kakhulu lapho ezwa ukuthi ukubandakanyeka kwakhe nge Nikolaem Mihaylovichem Smirnovym, ayehlangana nabo e 1828. Wenza umbono enhle imbongi - abantu abafundile isiRashiya, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo nomuntu wezizwe owayeza wayehlezi sehhashi, ngisho ngesiNgisi.

It waba yibeka, kancane nomona, kodwa abantu abacebile efanayo futhi umsebenzi wagijima egqumeni. Umshado esenzeka Winter Palace. Kwaba khona abangu-amalungu asebukhosini. Alexander Osipovna ngishadile imali. Unina wanika wonke umcebo wakhe nezingane ukuba ibuye emshadweni wayo wesibili. Alexander Osipovna ozokusiza nangakwesokhohlo ngaphandle kusho ngaphandle nomholo abazalwane olusemthethweni.

Ngenxa umehluko abalingiswa kanye ukubala Smirnova Aleksandra umshado wabo ayikwazanga ukwenza bajabule. uhlamvu wakhe sasiba sibi kakhulu, uthambekela ukucindezeleka. Umyeni wakhe, esikhundleni salokho, ayikwazanga ngiziqhayise ukuthi ngokugcwele lo wesifazane impikiswano. Ngaphezu kwalokho, waseHerzen futhi Ogarev wagxeka ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuthambekela kwakhe bureaucratic, kanye neqiniso lokuthi wayeseholela ukubukelwa izikhulu voruyuschim. Kodwa, noma kunjalo, isitebhisi Kancane kancane aphakanyisiwe. Young esezinzile Petersburg. Esivelele career Nikolaya Pavlovicha Smirnova kwaba isikhundla umbusi Petersburg, kanye neqiniso lokuthi wayeseholela waba yilungu lephalamende of the Empire, Russian. Kodwa ngenkathi besebasha, indlu yabo ngokuvakashela A. S. Pushkin futhi owokuqala ukufunda umlando we Pugachev ukuhlubuka. Baye endlwaneni eyakhiwe umlingisi Mikhail Shchepkin, intokazi kodwa owaziwa umhlaziyi Vissarion Belinsky, imbongi kanye umbhali Alexei UTolstoy.

Kamuva kulo ekhaya uzoya M. Yu. Lermontov, owabhala ku-albhamu umugqa ongenakulibaleka okuzokwenziwa waveza imizwa ukuthi imbongi akakwazanga ukuveza khona Alexandra. umfanekiso wakhe akayikhohliwe imbongi, futhi wamethula indaba kuqalile "Lugin". Smirnova Aleksandra enze khona ngaphansi kwegama Minsk, okuyinto esikalini futhi ubuhle balo, futhi umbono yasekuqaleni ezintweni.

Smirnova Aleksandra: izingane

Ingane yokuqala wazalwa efile ekupheleni 1832. Ngemva kweminyaka emibili, bazalwa namadodakazi twin - Alexandra (1834-1837) no-Olga (1834-1893). Kwakunamahemuhemu okuthi izingane kaKesari UNicholas. Kodwa nanku A. S. Pushkin kungukuthi ukulalelisisa. indodakazi Base ozozalwa UZandile (1836-1884), Hope (1840-1899) nowokugcina eyodwa - indodana kaMikayeli (1847-1892).

Ubudlelwano kanye N. V Gogolem

Bakhandwa ayisungula A. S. Pushkin. Cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi Rosset kumelwe ilingane ne UNikolai Vasilyevich, uyakuphila nabo izindlu Begichevo e Kaluga eduze eMoscow Spassky nokusebenza ngevolumu "Imiphefumulo Dead" yesibili. Ngokuphindaphindiwe Aleksandra Smirnova uzohlangana naye, ukuhlala kwelinye izwe eRoma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-1845 yena vyhlopochet umbhali umbusi i impesheni yonyaka, futhi leyo mali kuzoba ruble 1000. Gogol bayahlonishwa wakhe njengoba iparele phakathi kwabesifazane.

ubungane obufudumele

Cijela nonolimi, caustic futhi bebahleka usulu, Smirnova Aleksandra, emazwini Pushkin, owayekwazi ukubhala ikhophi fair "jokes intukuthelo abamnyama" ngo-1844, umxhwele Nikolaem Dmitrievichem Kiselevym, usomaqhinga oqeqeshiwe futhi ngumsebenzi wamakhosi Don Juan.

Anna Olenina, owayemazi ngokuseduze Aleksandru Smirnovu, waba nomuzwa wokuthi isandla sakhe kwaba umuzwa unamandla, umnene kaPlato, engalindelekile ngomuntu kuyindida ezinjalo.

nokuguga

Ngeshwa, ufuzo Rosset brilliant kwaba okungekuhle. Esemncane yena ngangenwa ukucindezeleka, ukuba "melancholy". Ngo-1846, lokhu ukuvela ngokucacile kakhulu, futhi sifune ukuba imicikilisho yenkolo. Hhayi ngokholo, kodwa ukusebenza zangaphandle imikhosi yena ngasibuyisela ezinye ukuzibamba. Kuyinto ngalesi sikhathi eqala ukuzaca, ilahlekelwa ubuthongo. Lezi izikhala phakathi ukukhanya nezikhathi amnyama ukumphelezela zonke zeminyaka yokuphila. Kodwa e-Paris, izingane kufanele ukusikhulumela 1879 ku ukusungulwa sivikelwe phezu kwakhe, futhi bakholelwa ukuthi ukuwohloka kwesimiso yakhe yaqala eminyakeni emithathu edlule, eMoscow. bengqondo Modern, ahlaziye isimo sayo, ikhuluma ukubonakaliswa komqondo semithambo. Sasizigqokele iyathinteka nezihlobo sayo esiseduze, cishe yonke ehlaselwe zengqondo - indodakazi Olga, Sofia, indodana kaMikayeli. Three wabafowabo wahlushwa okuthile engqondweni.

Ngo-1883, eParis, wasinda umyeni wakhe eminyakeni engu-13, futhi cishe bonke abangane Smirnova Aleksandra wafa. Biography, ukuphila nokufa kwakungeyona into engavamile njengoba angavamile kwakungewona lowo muntu kanye nami, ukhathazeke abantu abaningi endleleni yayo.